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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Reproductive Decision-Making In Transitional Contexts, Kristin Snopkowski
Reproductive Decision-Making In Transitional Contexts, Kristin Snopkowski
Kristin Snopkowski
Over the past two hundred years, most societies around the world have experienced fertility transitions, defined as a dramatic decline in reproductive rates through time. The conscious decision to reduce fertility to very low levels appears maladaptive and poses a theoretical challenge to human behavioral ecologists who expect humans to maximize long term fitness. I develop a theoretical model to explain currently low fertility rates that incorporates both cultural and economic hypotheses of fertility decline and test these using data from San Borja, Bolivia, a society currently undergoing a fertility transition. Results show that both economic and cultural information are …
A Test Of The Intergenerational Conflict Model In Indonesia Shows No Evidence Of Earlier Menopause In Female-Dispersing Groups, Kristin Snopkowski, Cristina Moya, Rebecca Sear
A Test Of The Intergenerational Conflict Model In Indonesia Shows No Evidence Of Earlier Menopause In Female-Dispersing Groups, Kristin Snopkowski, Cristina Moya, Rebecca Sear
Kristin Snopkowski
Menopause remains an evolutionary puzzle, as humans are unique among primates in having a long post-fertile lifespan. One model proposes that intergenerational conflict in patrilocal populations favours female reproductive cessation. This model predicts that women should experience menopause earlier in groups with an evolutionary history of patrilocality compared with matrilocal groups. Using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey, we test this model at multiple timescales: deep historical time, comparing age at menopause in ancestrally patrilocal Chinese Indonesians with ancestrally matrilocal Austronesian Indonesians; more recent historical time, comparing age at menopause in ethnic groups with differing postmarital residence within Indonesia …
A Synthetic Biosocial Model Of Fertility Transition: Testing The Relative Contribution Of Embodied Capital Theory, Changing Cultural Norms, And Women's Labor Force Participation, Kristin Snopkowski, Hillard Kaplan
A Synthetic Biosocial Model Of Fertility Transition: Testing The Relative Contribution Of Embodied Capital Theory, Changing Cultural Norms, And Women's Labor Force Participation, Kristin Snopkowski, Hillard Kaplan
Kristin Snopkowski
This article presents a biosocial model of fertility decline, which integrates ecological-economic and informational-cultural hypotheses of fertility transition in a unified theoretical framework. The model is then applied to empirical data collected among 500 women from San Borja, Bolivia, a population undergoing fertility transition. Using a combination of event history analysis, multiple regression, and structural equation modeling, we examine the pathways by which education responds to birth cohort, parental education and network ties, and how age at first birth and total fertility, in turn, respond to birth cohort, social network ties, education, expectations about parental investment, work, and contraceptive use. …
Father Absence And Reproduction-Related Outcomes In Malaysia, A Transitional Fertility Population, Paula Sheppard, Kristin Snopkowski, Rebecca Sear
Father Absence And Reproduction-Related Outcomes In Malaysia, A Transitional Fertility Population, Paula Sheppard, Kristin Snopkowski, Rebecca Sear
Kristin Snopkowski
Father absence is consistently associated with children’s reproductive outcomes in industrialized countries. It has been suggested that father absence acts as a cue to particular environmental conditions that influence life history strategies. Much less is known, however, about the effects of father absence on such outcomes in lower-income countries. Using data from the 1988 Malaysian Family Life Survey (n=567), we tested the effect of father absence on daughters’ age at menarche, first marriage, and first birth; parity progression rates; and desired completed family size in Malaysia, a country undergoing an economic and fertility transition. Father absence during later …