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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Political Economy Of Export Restrictions: The Case Of Vietnam And India, Kathy Baylis, Murray E. Fulton, Travis Reynolds
The Political Economy Of Export Restrictions: The Case Of Vietnam And India, Kathy Baylis, Murray E. Fulton, Travis Reynolds
Kathy Baylis
No abstract provided.
Trade-Facilitated Technology Spillovers In Energy Productivity Convergence Processes Across Eu Countries, Kathy Baylis, Peter Mulder
Trade-Facilitated Technology Spillovers In Energy Productivity Convergence Processes Across Eu Countries, Kathy Baylis, Peter Mulder
Kathy Baylis
This empirical paper tests for trade-facilitated spillovers in the convergence of energy productivity across 16 European Union (EU) countries from 1995 to 2005. One might anticipate that by inducing specialization, trade limits the potential for convergence in energy productivity. Conversely, by inducing competition and knowledge diffusion, trade may spur sectors to greater energy productivity. Unlike most previous work on convergence, we explain productivity dynamics from cross-country interactions at a detailed sector level and apply a spatial panel data approach to explicitly account for trade-flow related spatial effects in the convergence analysis. Our study confirms the existence of convergence in manufacturing …
Negative Leakage, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel H. Karney
Negative Leakage, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel H. Karney
Kathy Baylis
Our analytical general equilibrium model solves for effects of a small increase in carbon tax on leakage - the increase in emissions elsewhere. Identical consumers buy two goods using income from endowments that are mobile between sectors. Usually an increase in one sector's tax raises output price, so consumption shifts to the other good, causing positive leakage. Here, we find a new negative effect not recognized in existing literature: the taxes sector substitutes away from carbon into clean inputs, so it may absorb resources, shrink the other sector and reduce their emissions. This "abatement resource effect" could offset some or …
Effects Of Export Restrictions On Domestic Market Efficiency: The Case Of India’S Rice And Wheat Export Ban, Kathy Baylis, Maria Christina Jolejole-Foreman, Mindy Mallory
Effects Of Export Restrictions On Domestic Market Efficiency: The Case Of India’S Rice And Wheat Export Ban, Kathy Baylis, Maria Christina Jolejole-Foreman, Mindy Mallory
Kathy Baylis
The use of export restrictions has substantially increased in recent years. While a number of papers show how these restrictions have increased world commodity prices, in this paper, we empirically estimate how one country’s export restrictions affected the efficiency of their domestic market. We use a threshold cointegration model to estimate the integration between selected wheat and rice markets in India before and during the export bans and test whether those bans exacerbated the price effects of domestic production shocks. We find that before the ban, the majority of port markets for rice and wheat are integrated with the world …
Leakage, Welfare And Cost-Effectiveness Of Carbon Policy, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel Karney
Leakage, Welfare And Cost-Effectiveness Of Carbon Policy, Kathy Baylis, Don Fullerton, Daniel Karney
Kathy Baylis
We extend the model of Fullerton, Baylis, and Karney (2012 working paper) to explore cost-effectiveness of unilateral climate policy in the presence of leakage. We ignore the welfare gain from reducing greenhouse gas emissions and focus on the welfare cost of the emissions tax or permit scheme. Whereas that prior paper solves for changes in emissions quantities and finds that leakage maybe negative, we show here that all cases with negative leakage in that model are cases where a unilateral carbon tax results in a welfare loss. With positive leakage, however, a unilateral policy can improve welfare.
Something Fishy In Seafood Trade? The Relationship Between Tariff And Non-Tariff Barriers, Kathy Baylis, Lia Nogueira, Kathryn Pace
Something Fishy In Seafood Trade? The Relationship Between Tariff And Non-Tariff Barriers, Kathy Baylis, Lia Nogueira, Kathryn Pace
Kathy Baylis
As importing countries honor WTO commitments and lower tariff rates, they may be replacing traditional tariff barriers with non-tariff barriers. Recent literature has found that the implementation of food safety standards, specifically the use of import notifications and rejections, has acted as a significant barrier to trade in both the EU and the US. This article estimates the relation between declining tariff rates and the use of non-tariff barriers, measured by a count of EU seafood import notifications. We divide the motives for the use of import notifications into risk and protectionism. The results show that while non-tariff barriers are …
The Distributional Effects Of Nafta In Mexico, Kathy Baylis, Rafael Garduno-Rivera, Gianfranco Piras
The Distributional Effects Of Nafta In Mexico, Kathy Baylis, Rafael Garduno-Rivera, Gianfranco Piras
Kathy Baylis
This paper studies the regional distribution of benefits from trade in Mexico after the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Specifically, we ask whether or not NAFTA increased the concentration of economic activity in Mexico. Unlike previous work which uses state-level data, we identify the effect of NAFTA on economic activity at the municipal level allowing us to observe detailed growth patterns across space. To explicitly identify the effect of the trade agreement, we contrast changes in economic activity in regions and sectors more and less likely to be affected by trade. Given the spatial nature of these data, we …
Policy Risk In The Canadian Dairy Industry, Lia Nogueira, Richard Barichello, Kathy Baylis, Hayley Chouinard
Policy Risk In The Canadian Dairy Industry, Lia Nogueira, Richard Barichello, Kathy Baylis, Hayley Chouinard
Kathy Baylis
Canadian dairy farmers purchase a marketing quota through the Provincial Marketing Boards to sell milk in Canada. That quota captures rents created by regulations and is subject to policy risk. We define policy risk as the farmers' expectation that quota rents will decline or disappear over time. We calculate the effect of perceived policy risk to determine whether the Uruguay Round Agreement affected the amount of protection given to farmers. Calculated policy risk ranged from 14-29%. Policy risk increased in the years leading up to the Uruguay Round Agreement, but decreased after the WTO was established and remains at a …
Food Import Refusals: Evidence From The European Union, Kathy Baylis, Lia Nogueira, Kathryn Pace
Food Import Refusals: Evidence From The European Union, Kathy Baylis, Lia Nogueira, Kathryn Pace
Kathy Baylis
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of The 1996 U.S.-Canada Softwood Lumber Agreement On The Industrial Users Of Lumber: An Event Study, Nisha Malhotra, Sumeet Gulati
The Effects Of The 1996 U.S.-Canada Softwood Lumber Agreement On The Industrial Users Of Lumber: An Event Study, Nisha Malhotra, Sumeet Gulati
Nisha Malhotra
In this article, we analyze whether the Softwood Lumber Agreement between the United States and Canada imposed significant economic costs on industries that use softwood lumber in the United States. To ascertain this impact, we use an event study. Our event study analyzes variations in the stock prices of lumber-using firms listed at the major stock markets in the United States. We find that the news of events leading to the Softwood Lumber Agreement had significant negative impacts on the stock prices of industries using softwood lumber. The average reduction of stock prices for our sample of firms was approximately …
What Drives Food Import Refusals?, Kathy Baylis, Andrea Martens, Lia Nogueira
What Drives Food Import Refusals?, Kathy Baylis, Andrea Martens, Lia Nogueira
Kathy Baylis
No abstract provided.
Trade Diversion From Tomato Suspension Agreement, Kathy Baylis, Jeffrey M. Perloff
Trade Diversion From Tomato Suspension Agreement, Kathy Baylis, Jeffrey M. Perloff
Kathy Baylis
: Trade barriers can cause output to be diverted to other countries and into other products. We study the effect of a voluntary price restraint (VPR) on Mexican tomatoes entering the United States. The diversion caused by the VPR is statistically and economically significant – representing over four-fifths of the direct effects of the trade barrier. When the VPR was binding, Mexico exported more tomatoes to Canada, the United States cut back on exports while Canada increased their exports to the United States. The VPR also diverted fresh tomatoes in Mexico into paste production, which was then exported to the …