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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Examining The Role Of Economic Opportunity And Amenities In Explaining Population Redistribution, Peter R. Mueser, Philip E. Graves
Examining The Role Of Economic Opportunity And Amenities In Explaining Population Redistribution, Peter R. Mueser, Philip E. Graves
PHILIP E GRAVES
This paper develops a model of migration integrating equilibrium and disequilibrium components in which individuals and firms form rational expectations about future opportunities. Levels of migration are derived as functions of variations in factors influencing migrant labor demand ("economic opportunity") and migrant labor supply ("residential amenities"). The model is used to estimate the extent to which migration in the United States over the period 1950-1980 is determined by these two classes of exogenous factors.
The Tradeoff Between Oligopsony Power And Cost Efficiency In Horizontal Consolidation: An Example From Beef Packing, John Schroeter, Azzeddine Azzam
The Tradeoff Between Oligopsony Power And Cost Efficiency In Horizontal Consolidation: An Example From Beef Packing, John Schroeter, Azzeddine Azzam
Azzeddine Azzam
In this paper, the authors model the trade-off between regional oligopsony power and cost efficiency resulting from consolidation in a food processing industry. The model can be used to calculate the cost reductions necessary to offset the anticompetitive effects of market power and to compare them to actual cost savings achieved through plant scale or multiplant operating economies. For an application, the authors choose the beef packing industry. For this case, they find that the estimated cost savings necessary to neutralize the anticompetitive effects of consolidation in beef packing are about half the actual cost savings from scale economies.
Technology Adoption In The Presence Of An Exhaustible Resource: The Case Of Groundwater Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Farhed Shah, David Zilberman
Technology Adoption In The Presence Of An Exhaustible Resource: The Case Of Groundwater Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Farhed Shah, David Zilberman
Ujjayant Chakravorty
In this paper we integrate technology diffusion within Hotelling's exhaustible resource model. The modern technology is a conservation technology such as drip irrigation used with groundwater. Resource quality heterogeneity and rising water prices are responsible for the gradual adoption of the modern technology, and under reasonable conditions the diffusion curve is an S-shaped function of time. Without intervention, the diffusion process will be slower than is socially optimal, and optimal resource use tax will accelerate the diffusion of the conservation technology and slow down excessive resource depletion caused by market failure due to open access conditions.
A Spatial Model Of Optimal Water Conveyance, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Eithan Hochman, David Zilberman
A Spatial Model Of Optimal Water Conveyance, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Eithan Hochman, David Zilberman
Ujjayant Chakravorty
Most water projects suffer from losses in conveyance. Because conveyance has public good characteristics, investment in reducing conveyance losses must be provided by a central authority. This paper develops a spatial model to determine optimal conveyance investment, water allocation, and investment in firm-specific conservation technology. The efficiency and distributional characteristics of the optimal solution are compared to projects with (i) well-developed water markets and (ii) spatially uniform water prices, both with sub-optimal conveyance. A numerical illustration is provided.
Bæredygtig Udnyttelse Af Fornybare Ressourcer: Torskefiskeriet Ved Færøerne, Niels Vestergaard
Bæredygtig Udnyttelse Af Fornybare Ressourcer: Torskefiskeriet Ved Færøerne, Niels Vestergaard
Niels Vestergaard
The Faroe Islands cod fishery is analyzed for the period 1985-1992. It is shown that an approximately optimal and implementable fishery policy based on sustainability have increased the gross national income in the fishery by about 20%. This loss is due to an inoptimal organization of the fishery during that period combined with a very low cod stock at the end of 1992, which means reduced future catch possibilities. that the fishing capacity could have been reduced by about 1/3. The policy of sustainability is applied to the current situation in the fishery, and it is shown that the current …