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Poverty

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

School-To-Prison Pipeline, Samuel S. Honas, April Terry Apr 2024

School-To-Prison Pipeline, Samuel S. Honas, April Terry

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Kindergarten through grade 12 schools are institutions where youth go to learn, grow, and sculpt their minds for their future. For some youth, schools do not present a warm and welcoming environment, and instead, respond in ways that create negative outcomes for certain youth. Factors like bullying, poor student-to-teacher interactions, and negative parental attachment can cause youth to have problems in school. Minority youth are also more likely to get in trouble in school for the same behaviors as their white counterparts. The school-to-prison pipeline is a pathway that begins in the school system that operates under the notion of …

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An Economic Advocacy Approach To Empower Rural Victims Of Gender-Based Violence: A Review Of The Literature, Loganne Ditter, Ziwei Qi Mar 2024

An Economic Advocacy Approach To Empower Rural Victims Of Gender-Based Violence: A Review Of The Literature, Loganne Ditter, Ziwei Qi

Academic Leadership Journal in Student Research

Gender-based violence (GBV) has devastating effects on survivors’ mental, emotional, psychological, physical, and financial well-being. In rural communities, cultural stigma, isolation, lack of services, economic deprivation, and poverty can create additional barriers for survivors to seek help and leave their abusive relationships. Economic advocacy is a survivor-centered approach that addresses poverty and economic insecurity in ending GBV and empowers individuals and communities with the necessary resources and skills. In this review article, the researchers aim to identify survivors’ unique challenges in rural communities, especially in economic hardship and financially dire situations. While the empirical research examined in this review has …

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Review Of Poverty, By America, Linda Plitt Donaldson Mar 2024

Review Of Poverty, By America, Linda Plitt Donaldson

The Journal of Social Encounters

No abstract provided.

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Considering What Counts: Measuring Poverty, Joel Best Jan 2024

Considering What Counts: Measuring Poverty, Joel Best

Numeracy

Debates over the appropriate way to measure poverty illustrate the way facts are produced through social processes.

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Exploring Women’S Education And Employment Opportunities In India, Syria, And The Philippines, Emma R. Sarcol, Ines Coutinho, Elle Maguire, Helen C. Collins, Patricia A. Jolliffe Dr Jan 2024

Exploring Women’S Education And Employment Opportunities In India, Syria, And The Philippines, Emma R. Sarcol, Ines Coutinho, Elle Maguire, Helen C. Collins, Patricia A. Jolliffe Dr

The Qualitative Report

The implementation of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 marked a new chapter in global development and laid the foundations for addressing inequalities that hinder holistic progress. However, gender gaps pose a significant threat to achieving these goals. Project DREAM (Developing Resilience, Education, Aspiration, and Motivation) sought to explore women’s sense of aspiration, achievement, and lived experience in India, Syria, and the Philippines, as well as develop pilot interventions to address gender disparities. Semi-structured interviews with 69 young women from India, Syria, and the Philippines informed the development of three interventions, namely an aspiration and job skills workshop …

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An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz Nov 2023

An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz

The Journal of Economics and Politics

This paper extends applications of unconditional and conditional β-convergence and σ-convergence analysis to poverty rates in a panel data sample of Pennsylvania counties during the period 1990-2019. Spatial structural breaks between rural and urban counties in Pennsylvania plus the possibility that Philadelphia County is an outlier are acknowledged to avoid spurious inferences. The findings support the existence of unconditional β-convergence in the pooled, urban, and rural samples with non-metropolitan areas exhibiting the greatest convergence. However, the largest conditional β-convergence is observed for urban counties, and this outcome is robust to the exclusion of Philadelphia County. Graphical evidence evinces a greater …

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Designing Depaul Oct 2023

Designing Depaul

DePaul Magazine

DePaul’s comprehensive, collaborative plan creates a road map that positions the university for monumental impact.

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Review Of Inju$Tice, Inc.: How America’S Justice System Commodifies Children And The Poor, Thomas Hansen Oct 2023

Review Of Inju$Tice, Inc.: How America’S Justice System Commodifies Children And The Poor, Thomas Hansen

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Book review of this title explaining the corruption and the lack of ethics in Ohio and some other states involved in juvenile justice system, foster care placement, fines, fees, and jail.

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White Politics, Black Lives, & The Cost Of Being Green: Environmental Racism In Emelle, Alabama, Laura M. Wilson Sep 2023

White Politics, Black Lives, & The Cost Of Being Green: Environmental Racism In Emelle, Alabama, Laura M. Wilson

Midwest Social Sciences Journal

In the 1970s, Emelle, Alabama welcomed the establishment of a new corporation and the promise of new economic opportunities. The small settlement, almost exclusively African-American (94%) and in poverty (67%) was selected by Waste Management, Inc., after lobbying by Governor George Wallace to create the largest hazardous waste landfill in the US. When a state policy change significantly increasing costs, production slowed, jobs dissipated (from 430 to 250), and destitution returned. At the same time, other problems began to the surface, including water contamination and increasing rates of childhood cancers, attributable to the toxic seepage. The dump still operates, but …

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Poverty And Commercial Surrogacy In India: An Intersectional Analytical Approach, Sheela Suryanarayanan Sep 2023

Poverty And Commercial Surrogacy In India: An Intersectional Analytical Approach, Sheela Suryanarayanan

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

The destination and source countries for commercial surrogacy match world patterns of inequality. India, Nepal, Thailand, Mexico, and Cambodia banned commercial surrogacy, moving the market to other less-developed countries in South Africa and South America. India had a commercial surrogacy boom until exploitative factors led to the passage of the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill in 2019, which banned the practice. This paper examines surrogacy's monetary, health, and emotional effects on 45 surrogate mothers in Gujarat State, India. The study revealed that a majority (63%) of the very poor women remained very poor post-surgery. Surrogate mothers in poor households had to do …

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Poverty Rate Inequality: Analyzing The Causes Of The Larger Difference In The Poverty Rates Between Black And White Americans In Philadelphia And New York City, Patrick Carney Jun 2023

Poverty Rate Inequality: Analyzing The Causes Of The Larger Difference In The Poverty Rates Between Black And White Americans In Philadelphia And New York City, Patrick Carney

Gettysburg College Headquarters

This paper purports to find a cause for the larger differences in poverty rates between black and white Americans in Philadelphia and the same two groups in New York City. Three hypotheses, the education spending per student hypothesis, the economic hypothesis, and the social spending per capita hypothesis, are each respectively devised to explain these differences in the respective poverty rates. The education spending per student and social spending per capita hypotheses are tested using data from each city, leading to the conclusion that the lower social and education spending per capita in Philadelphia when compared to New York City …

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Los Angeles Homeless Encampments: East Of Mainstreet, Desarey Castellanos May 2023

Los Angeles Homeless Encampments: East Of Mainstreet, Desarey Castellanos

Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science

Homelessness can impact a person’s ability to navigate public spaces, find employment, meet basic subsistence, and have access to essential social services. Instead, the long-term consequences of homelessness have been focused of the criminalization of unhoused people. This fieldwork analyzes the daily obstacles that individuals face east of main street in downtown Los Angeles. Although wide variation exists from different locations many challenges stemming from mental illness, substance use disorder, and ostracization from mainstream society make these circumstances increasingly difficult to navigate. All these factors are influenced by the policy environments that continuously impact these targeted populations. I will present …

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Period Poverty In The United States, Katie Krumperman Feb 2023

Period Poverty In The United States, Katie Krumperman

Ballard Brief

Period poverty is the lack of access to menstrual products and inadequate education surrounding menstruation. Period poverty affects menstruators worldwide, including those in the United States. In a 2019 study, 64% of menstruators noted that they struggled to afford menstrual products within the last year. Stemming from the cost of products, stigmas, education, and the world pandemic, those who menstruate struggle to afford menstruation products and have adequate education on the subject. The effects of period poverty include effects on menstruators' physical and mental health as well as their productivity at work. Lawmakers are fighting to end period poverty with …

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Healthcare Access Disparities Among Rural Populations In The United States, David Clove Feb 2023

Healthcare Access Disparities Among Rural Populations In The United States, David Clove

Ballard Brief

In the United States, people living in rural areas face significant disparities in access to healthcare, quality of treatment, and the presence of chronic physical and mental ailments. Given their geographic isolation, it is relatively difficult for these individuals to seek emergency care, an issue that is exacerbated by socioeconomic gaps. These relationships flow in both directions-health and wealth often rise and fall in unison. Rural individuals also have to travel further to access healthcare, and the number of practitioners is sparse in comparison to metropolitan areas. Cultural and behavioral risks such as smoking, as well as the aforementioned shortage …

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Exploring Environmental Racism, Quality Of Life, And Inequalities In Kentucky Counties, Bailey Harder, James Maples Jan 2023

Exploring Environmental Racism, Quality Of Life, And Inequalities In Kentucky Counties, Bailey Harder, James Maples

Kentucky Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

Environmental racism explores how pollution-producing industries are systematically constructed in and around poor, minority communities. Exposure to pollutants over time negatively impacts resident well being and quality of life while economic trends limit opportunities to relocated. Kentucky provides a valuable opportunity for exploring environmental racism. The state’s long dependency on coal extraction has created environmental opportunities for studying this phenomenon amid deindustrialization throughout the region. This study examines how changes in air pollution (a proxy measure of environmental toxins) correlates to poverty, quality of life, and resident racial demographics. Results indicate that Kentucky counties with higher air pollution had lower …

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Sociological Explanations Of Coronavirus Incidence Rates In Kentucky Counties, Sarah Cooper, James N. Maples Jan 2023

Sociological Explanations Of Coronavirus Incidence Rates In Kentucky Counties, Sarah Cooper, James N. Maples

Kentucky Journal of Undergraduate Scholarship

This study explores sociological explanations for Covid-19 incidence rates among Kentucky Counties. The authors examine how incidence rates varied pre/post-Omicron variant based on a county’s educational attainment, poverty rates, political perspective, health status, and place status (Appalachian status, metropolitan status). The authors discovered that none of these variables effectively explained differences in county level Covid-19 rates before Omicron. However, once Omicron became the prevalent variant in Kentucky, metropolitan status, Appalachian status, two measures of poverty rates, political perspective, and three measure of educational attainment all predicted differences in mean Covid-19 incidence rates.

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The Role Of Ngos In Consolidating The Culture Of Dependency Among The Poor A Field Study, Waheed Afia Jan 2023

The Role Of Ngos In Consolidating The Culture Of Dependency Among The Poor A Field Study, Waheed Afia

Journal of the Faculty of Arts (JFA)

Poverty is a widespread social and economic phenomenon in the world, but it is distributed unequally among the different regions of the world, not only this, but also among the different regions within one country. The social, economic and political changes that have occurred in the world recently, have had a significant impact on the growing interest in the role played by civil institutions and organizations.Accordingly, the study sought to identify the role of programs and services provided by civil society organizations in establishing a culture of dependency among the poor. The study relied on the social survey and case …

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For The Poor, It Was Just Friday: The Implicit Focus On Middle-Class Habitus In Conceptualizing Disaster, Amy Sorensen, Shelley Koch Dec 2022

For The Poor, It Was Just Friday: The Implicit Focus On Middle-Class Habitus In Conceptualizing Disaster, Amy Sorensen, Shelley Koch

Critical Disaster Studies

The importance of the academic study of disaster is in its potential application to policy and practice in times of dire circumstance and human suffering. In this paper, we situate the Covid-19 pandemic as an exemplar for an exploration of “disaster” using a framework that connects sociological theory and critical disaster studies. We use a Bourdieusian approach to situate the re-stabilization of the middle class habitus as implicitly central to disaster mitigation strategies. This theoretical approach illuminates the disconnect between critical disaster studies and on-the-ground disaster recovery approaches. It is this disconnect that leads to the disparate impact of disaster …

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The Implication Of Corruption On Sustainable Development In Africa: (Using Nigeria As A Case Study), Ezeifekwuaba Tochukwu Benedict Dec 2022

The Implication Of Corruption On Sustainable Development In Africa: (Using Nigeria As A Case Study), Ezeifekwuaba Tochukwu Benedict

Young African Leaders Journal of Development

The scenario of the rise of corruption in Africa particularly in Nigeria is so much a problem. It cuts across the various Private Sectors including different tiers of government. This research paper applied collected secondary data from library materials, government publications, journals, the internet and daily newspapers. The kernel of the research paper is on the facts that corrupt practices among the class of political leadership have led to the undermining of the stability and growth of the country's economy. Also, it is discovered that corruption maximizes the poverty level that triggers criminal exercises in the Nation. The paper suggests …

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International Perspective On The Persons Under The Burden Of Debt, Tamam Odeh Al-Assaf, Suna Omar Abadi Nov 2022

International Perspective On The Persons Under The Burden Of Debt, Tamam Odeh Al-Assaf, Suna Omar Abadi

Jerash for Research and Studies Journal مجلة جرش للبحوث والدراسات

This study tackles loan repayments for debtors focused on Persons under the burden of debt. While financial facilitation, through lending funds and financial service providers, have contributed to supporting small projects especially for women who fall officially under the poverty line and in most need of financial capital, however, such debt instruments were provided with high interest rates. With absence of financial literacy and commercial investment experience, the borrowers are faced with imprisonment as part of the penal conditions in case of defaults in repayments or inability to repay the debtors. This study addresses the extent of applicability of such …

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Qualitative Analysis Of Factors Supporting Child Labour Trafficking In Nigeria: Public Perceptions And Cultural Relativism, Femi Omotoso Prof., Olayide Oladeji Phd, Babatunde Alokan Nov 2022

Qualitative Analysis Of Factors Supporting Child Labour Trafficking In Nigeria: Public Perceptions And Cultural Relativism, Femi Omotoso Prof., Olayide Oladeji Phd, Babatunde Alokan

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This study aimed to establish how socio-cultural and economic factors support the endemicity of child labour trafficking in Nigeria. The research was conducted among rural and urban households and stakeholders in southern Nigeria. A field survey was conducted in Ekiti, Edo, Kwara, Lagos, and Osun States. The study utilised cultural relativism and the margin of appreciation theories. The qualitative research approach used in-depth interviews, focus groups, and personal observation methods to collect data. Researchers interviewed 70 participants, including parents/guardians, stakeholders (government officials and private agency representatives), traffickers, trafficked children, and their employers. Societal context, especially the perception of child rights, …

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Poverty Implications Of Covid-19 And Government Social Protection Programmes In Nigeria, Adeponle Adeoye, John Lola Okunola, Sunday Fakunle Oct 2022

Poverty Implications Of Covid-19 And Government Social Protection Programmes In Nigeria, Adeponle Adeoye, John Lola Okunola, Sunday Fakunle

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The sole objective of this paper was to investigate the poverty implications of COVID-19 on Nigerians, relative to the effectiveness of the government’s social protection programs in mitigating the socioeconomic strain caused by the pandemic. The paper used documentary analysis to assess the impact of COVID-19 on Nigerians’ socioeconomic lives and the government’s policy response to the situation. The review found that COVID-19 exacerbated the existing poverty in Nigeria, and most of the government policy programs were not effective in mitigating the effects. We concluded that government policy responses to the socioeconomic strain caused by the pandemic were ineffective due …

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The Socioeconomic Achievement Gap In The Us Public Schools, Kate Bradley Sep 2022

The Socioeconomic Achievement Gap In The Us Public Schools, Kate Bradley

Ballard Brief

Impoverished children are severely disadvantaged before even reaching adulthood. In public schools, lower-income children are significantly less likely to succeed than their wealthier classmates. Poverty affects a child's brain development, inhibiting their ability to learn and understand. In addition, lower income students go to schools with insufficient funding and resources: quality teachers or the lack thereof increase the inability to provide for these students adequately. The achievement gap affects students by increasing dropout rates. It involves the nation by costing the US nearly $700 billion annually. Even more grave than the financial consequences is the loss of every student-each with …

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Does Microcredit Reduce Poverty? An Empirical Exploration In India, Aneel Karnani, Seema Sahai Aug 2022

Does Microcredit Reduce Poverty? An Empirical Exploration In India, Aneel Karnani, Seema Sahai

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

Microcredit has grown dramatically over the last few decades and its supporters have made extravagant promises about its potential impact on reducing poverty. However, much recent research has shown that microcredit has no significant impact on reducing poverty. In this exploratory study we interview 205 clients of for-profit microcredit to better understand the causes of why microcredit has not lived up to its promise. We find the basic problem is that the lending policies of the microcredit organizations are designed to lower the costs and risks, and hence increase the profits of the organization, and are not responsive to the …

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Torn Between Two Pandemics: Poverty Pandemic And Coronavirus Pandemic In Nigeria, Tope Shola Akinyetun Jun 2022

Torn Between Two Pandemics: Poverty Pandemic And Coronavirus Pandemic In Nigeria, Tope Shola Akinyetun

Southern African Journal of Policy and Development

The wave of coronavirus pandemic that hit the world coincides with Nigeria’s struggles with her newly attained position as the poverty capital of the world. This paper argues that prevalent poverty is a pandemic that the world has learnt to live with, and that Nigeria is struggling to overcome. The agony of poverty in the country coupled with the coronavirus pandemic subjects the country to a quandary of a dual-pandemic scourge. The paper relies on secondary data and adopts a descriptive and analytic approach. It concludes that multidimensional poverty in Nigeria is pervasive and has become deepened by the pandemic …

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Disproportionate Exposure To Air Pollution For Low-Income Communities In The United States, Elisabeth Currit May 2022

Disproportionate Exposure To Air Pollution For Low-Income Communities In The United States, Elisabeth Currit

Ballard Brief

While air pollution is a major problem in much of the United States, individuals of low socioeconomic status are disproportionately exposed to air pollution compared to wealthier individuals.1 Contributing factors to the problem of disproportionate exposure to air pollution for low-income communities in the United States include lack of emissions regulations and enforcement, disproportionate placement of pollution sources nearby low-income neighborhoods, and the excessive political power of large emitters. The negative consequences that low-income individuals suffer because of this include both physical and mental health as well as impaired cognitive function. NGOs and other organizations are creating programs to help …

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Corruption In Uganda, Jared Saxton May 2022

Corruption In Uganda, Jared Saxton

Ballard Brief

Corruption in Uganda accounts for ½ of government expenditure and mainly benefits the rich and well connected. Due to weak and unspecific laws, corruption is often not enforced in the nation. Additionally, when there are adequate laws in place, enforcement agencies often benefit from corruption and are therefore unmotivated to take action against it. Cultural factors mean that corruption is socially acceptable in many cases and is common throughout the nation. Foreign aid props up corrupt government expenditure because funding comes from an external source, and thus, the government feels less accountable to its citizens. Corruption results in poor service …

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Problematika Akselerasi Penanganan Kemiskinan Nelayan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Kota Makassar, Muhammad Iqbal Latief, Rabina Yunus, Hasbi Marissangan, Sultan Djibe, Arsyad Genda Feb 2022

Problematika Akselerasi Penanganan Kemiskinan Nelayan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Di Kota Makassar, Muhammad Iqbal Latief, Rabina Yunus, Hasbi Marissangan, Sultan Djibe, Arsyad Genda

Jurnal Pembangunan Manusia

Sustainable development goals, or SDGs, are still difficult to realize, especially the goal of ending poverty in all its forms. The Covid-19 pandemic, which has been around for more than a year, has actually exacerbated the condition of poverty in the community. In the city of Makassar, the poverty rate increased dramatically from 4.1 percent to 7.2 percent during 2020 (Makassar Ministry of Social Affairs data). Ironically, the poor who live on islands such as the people of Kodingareng, Barrang Lompo, Barrang Caddi, Lumu-Lumu, Laikang and others, are now getting poorer because of the Covid-19 outbreak. Therefore, this paper seeks …

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What Do We Know About Access To Public Benefits And Services Among Low-Income Minority Families?: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Chi-Fang Wu, Steven G. Anderson, Anissa Sheena Chitwanga, Soohyun Yoon Jan 2022

What Do We Know About Access To Public Benefits And Services Among Low-Income Minority Families?: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Chi-Fang Wu, Steven G. Anderson, Anissa Sheena Chitwanga, Soohyun Yoon

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

In a time of economic crisis following decades of reduced commitments to low-income families, it is critically important to improve our understanding of the obstacles encountered by low-income families attempting to access public benefits and services. Following PRISMA guidelines, this paper offers a scoping review of research published since 2000 that addresses the distinctive barriers encountered by minorities in the United States when attempting to access public benefits. While our review included studies on access to all types of public social welfare benefits, most research during the study period focused specifically on access issues in obtaining various forms of health …

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Prevalence Of Tuberculosis In Sub-Saharan Africa, Brooke Heaton Jan 2022

Prevalence Of Tuberculosis In Sub-Saharan Africa, Brooke Heaton

Ballard Brief

Tuberculosis is an endemic problem for much of the sub-Saharan African region. High infection rates, caused by high population density and the infrastructure of the living environment, contribute to high infection rates, as well as compromised immune systems from diseases such as HIV/AIDS and health issues like malnutrition . The insufficient infrastructure of medical care and the underutilization of such also contribute to the perpetuation of the disease. Tuberculosis negatively affects the physical health of infected individuals, whose effects can be long-lasting and decrease quality of life. It can also lead to the social rejection of those infected and place …

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