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Articles 1 - 30 of 31
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of Parenting Styles On Depression Among College Students, Manpreet Kaur
The Effect Of Parenting Styles On Depression Among College Students, Manpreet Kaur
Theses and Dissertations
Researchers, during the past few decades have found there to be an association between parenting styles and levels of depression in children, adolescents, and adults. In the current study, the effects of parenting styles on depression among college students was targeted. This current study predicted that: 1. Females will show greater levels of depression than males. 2. Asians will show increased levels of depression. 3. Participants with authoritarian parents will exhibit significantly higher levels of depression as compared to authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting styles. In addition to these, additional exploratory analyses were also conducted. Two hundred eighty-eight college undergraduates …
About Us Without Us: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Homelessness At The United Nations, Joanna Louise Padgett Herz
About Us Without Us: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Homelessness At The United Nations, Joanna Louise Padgett Herz
Theses and Dissertations
The United Nations plays a major role in creating, changing, and challenging international discourse on social inequities and injustices. Homelessness has historically been an underrepresented social problem within the UN system. To date, no official definition has been established. How has discourse on homelessness been shaped at the UN, if no official definitions have been established? What are the implicit meanings that representatives have used over the years? Homelessness was ignored for many years at the United Nations, and when it was talked about it was described vaguely. How was the discourse on homelessness created and how has is changed? …
School Psychologist Perception Of Training For Transgender And Gender Diverse Student Advocacy, Eryka Sajek
School Psychologist Perception Of Training For Transgender And Gender Diverse Student Advocacy, Eryka Sajek
Theses and Dissertations
This study sought to evaluate school psychologists’ perceptions of their graduate training experience in preparing them to work with transgender and other gender minority youth. The quality of graduate training was also examined through a compilation of syllabi. The participant s (N = 193) completed a questionnaire regarding their confidence in working with this population, their perceptions of what contributed to their competency, and information about their graduate programs. The resulting sample of respondents came from all geographic regions in the United States, 91% of whom were currently working in a school setting. A series of regressions found that graduate …
Framing A Pandemic: Evaluating Nigerian Print Media Reportage Of China Before And Following The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic, Ernest Chukwunyere Makata
Framing A Pandemic: Evaluating Nigerian Print Media Reportage Of China Before And Following The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic, Ernest Chukwunyere Makata
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic on the framing of news about China/Chinese by three selected Nigerian Newspapers, The Punch, The Nation, and The Sun. A total of 350 articles mentioning China or Chinese were examined using the content analysis method to determine the news writers' dominant frames. The research employs the qualitative method. Three frames emerged as dominant in the analysis, the Economic Consequence Frame, the Human-Interest Frame, and the Conflict Frame. The result shows that Nigerian Newspapers paid more attention to China after the index case of COVID-19 in Nigeria. It also discovered that most …
The Semantic And Acoustic Voice Features Differentiating Neutral And Traumatic Narratives, Yosef Shimon Amrami
The Semantic And Acoustic Voice Features Differentiating Neutral And Traumatic Narratives, Yosef Shimon Amrami
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is a quantitative and qualitative exploration of how one linguistically communicates emotions through an autobiographical narrative. Psycholinguistic research has affirmed that linguistic features of a narrative, including semantic and acoustic features, indicate a narrator’s emotions and physiological. This study investigated whether these linguistic features could help differentiate between trauma and neutral narratives and if they can predict autobiographical narratives’ subjective trauma ratings (STR). Qualitative analyses of the positive and negative evaluative statements were also conducted, which indicated the narrators’ thought processes during recall. Twenty-two Spanish-English college students participated in this study and narrated both traumatic and neutral narratives. …
Theory And Practice: Phonological Awareness Instructional Methods Used In Deaf Education, Mary Cantino
Theory And Practice: Phonological Awareness Instructional Methods Used In Deaf Education, Mary Cantino
Theses and Dissertations
An inequality in literacy rates exists between deaf children and their hearing peers. Research indicates that visual phonic interventions such as Visual Phonics used alongside a phonics program enhances grapheme-phoneme correspondence. That practice in turn improves overall literacy achievement. However, as rates deaf literacy continue to lag ongoing research indicates that teachers may be ill prepared to use research-based interventions. This study seeks to identify the frequency of teacher implementation of Visual Phonics interventions as well as their exposure to these interventions via teacher education and professional development. This study will investigate if the presence of these elements by using …
Associations Among Sexual Assault Characteristics And Social Reactions To Disclosure In A Sample Of Undergraduate Women, Danielle Suzanne Citera
Associations Among Sexual Assault Characteristics And Social Reactions To Disclosure In A Sample Of Undergraduate Women, Danielle Suzanne Citera
Theses and Dissertations
Sexual assault is a public health crisis in the United States, with college women at an increased risk for experiencing unwanted sexual contact and rape. Following an experience of sexual assault, women are susceptible to negative outcomes including suicidality, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. One of the factors that influences the development of psychopathology after a sexual assault is social reactions to disclosure. When women tell someone about their sexual assault, they may receive both positive and negative social reactions. Social reactions have been found to be associated with negative mental health outcomes for survivors. Several sexual assault characteristics, …
The Impact Of Individual And Contextual Factors On L2 Writing Development: The Shifts In Written Corrective Feedback During Covid-19, Jordan Gonzalez
The Impact Of Individual And Contextual Factors On L2 Writing Development: The Shifts In Written Corrective Feedback During Covid-19, Jordan Gonzalez
Theses and Dissertations
The novel COVID-19 pandemic has caused a rupture in the trajectory of education worldwide. Students, families and schools are experiencing unprecedented times and are navigating uncharted territory together in how we educate our students. In the U.S., it has been noted that the schism within education as a result of the pandemic is the biggest threat to national security (Choi, 2020), noting the importance of education within our democracy. This includes the trauma experienced by families due to deaths caused by the pandemic, the disproportionality of communities of color losing a parent (Brundage & Ramos-Callan, 2020), and the impact on …
The Oq-45: The Structure Of Mental Health Symptoms During Psychotherapy, Lindsay Arader
The Oq-45: The Structure Of Mental Health Symptoms During Psychotherapy, Lindsay Arader
Theses and Dissertations
The structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45; Lambert et al., 2004b) was examined across three time points in a sample of 199 psychotherapy clients at an outpatient community clinic in the greater New York area. Five models—a one-factor model, two-factor (oblique) model, three-factor (oblique) model, two sub-factor bifactor model, and three sub-factor bifactor model—were tested at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. The two sub-factor bifactor model fit the data best at baseline, and the three sub-factor bifactor model fit the data best at 8 weeks and 16 weeks. These results demonstrate that the OQ-45 items load onto one general …
Resource Allocation, Access, & Patterns Of Healthcare Service Utilization Among Patients With Alcohol-Use Disorders, Andrew Miele
Resource Allocation, Access, & Patterns Of Healthcare Service Utilization Among Patients With Alcohol-Use Disorders, Andrew Miele
Theses and Dissertations
Healthcare service utilization (HSU) describes how individuals engage with healthcare systems. Studies examining differences in rates of HSU among acute care-seeking patients have identified disparities in access to appropriate treatments. Alcohol-use disorders (AUDS) are increasingly prevalent among patients presenting for treatment in acute care settings. AUDS are emblematic of a broader trend in acute care; disproportionate rates of acute care encounters by patients with heavy socioeconomic (e.g., socioeconomic status, homelessness) burden, primary psychiatric/behavioral disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, AUDs), and reliance on emergency rooms for seeking treatment. Numerous studies have linked these risk factors with both AUDs and with high HSU. Despite …
Understanding College Student Emotional Functioning During Covid-19, Dominique Marie Giroux
Understanding College Student Emotional Functioning During Covid-19, Dominique Marie Giroux
Theses and Dissertations
The novel coronavirus has resulted in mass infection and death. To prevent spread of the virus, colleges and universities shut down and transitioned to remote learning, which mandated all college students to leave residential housing and relocate to a permanent address. Previous literature suggests college students who experienced housing displacement due to a natural disaster reported heightened distress and poorer overall functioning (Davis, Grills-Taquechel, & Ollendick, 2010). Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, college student mental health was deemed a public health concern, however, it is expected to worsen following the outbreak (Galea, Merchant, & Lurie, 2020). Researchers suggest peer support …
Effect Of A Swim-Based Parent Training Program On A Parent’S Use Of Evidence-Based Strategies With Her Child With Autism, Melissa Lauren Jeffay
Effect Of A Swim-Based Parent Training Program On A Parent’S Use Of Evidence-Based Strategies With Her Child With Autism, Melissa Lauren Jeffay
Theses and Dissertations
Community participation, particularly in leisure/recreational activities such as swimming, can improve quality of life for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, youth with ASD generally participate in fewer leisure activities than those without ASD. Although previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of parent training interventions and swim programs for children with ASD, there is a lack of research examining the effectiveness of using parents as intervention agents to teach swim skills to their children with ASD. In this single-case study, the researcher delivered an individual parent training program to the mother of a child with ASD to investigate its …
Return To Play And Class For Concussed College Athletes Predicted From Post-Concussion Symptom Domains, Jazmin Nicole Mogavero
Return To Play And Class For Concussed College Athletes Predicted From Post-Concussion Symptom Domains, Jazmin Nicole Mogavero
Theses and Dissertations
Each year approximately 1.6 to 3.8 million people suffer a sports-related traumatic brain injury (Langlois, Rutland-Brown, & Wald, 2006). Concussions, a common form of mild traumatic brain injury, account for 75% of total brain injuries in the United States (Faul, Xu, Wald, & Coronado, 2010). In sports, concussions account for 1 of every 10 injuries (Marar, McIlvain, Fields, & Comstock, 2012). Overall, concussion symptoms typically remit within one to four weeks from injury (McCrea, 2007); however, conflict exists surrounding the duration of time that would be safe for a concussed student-athlete to return to functioning, both to sport and to …
An Analysis Of Education As A Moderator Of The Relationship Of Discrimination To Depression, Jeavonna M. Coble
An Analysis Of Education As A Moderator Of The Relationship Of Discrimination To Depression, Jeavonna M. Coble
Theses and Dissertations
Racism has been observed as a highly prevalent psychosocial stressor across minorities, and consistently associated with depression across racial/ethnic groups. However, existing evidence is unclear on effective buffers of discrimination to depression. Researchers have hypothesized that education may mitigate discrimination’s effects on negative mental health outcomes. Evidence evaluating education as a buffer on the relations of discrimination to depression is limited. The analysis is further complicated as the evidence linking education level to discrimination exposure is also mixed. Although some studies indicate lower education levels are associated with greater perceived racism, many studies indicate an association of higher education with …
The Course Of Axis I And Axis Ii Disorders In Clinical High Risk (Chr) Adolescents, Christy Dabreo-Otero
The Course Of Axis I And Axis Ii Disorders In Clinical High Risk (Chr) Adolescents, Christy Dabreo-Otero
Theses and Dissertations
The detrimental impact of psychosis on individuals and society has sparked interest in early detection and intervention strategies to improve outcomes for those who are high-risk for developing psychosis. This study used data collected by the Recognition and Prevention (RAP) program to explore the progression of Axis I and Axis II disorders, clinical and functional characteristics, and predictors of conversion in a Clinical High Risk (CHR) sample. Using the RAP Program’s classification system, participants were assigned to the following subgroups based on symptom presentation: Clinical High Risk Positive (CHR+) which is defined by the presence of attenuated positive symptoms and …
Perceived Discrimination And Food Consumption, Jessica Korins
Perceived Discrimination And Food Consumption, Jessica Korins
Theses and Dissertations
Obesity is a public health concern that is associated with numerous life-limiting chronic illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension. Marginalized groups such as Black, Latinos, and Native Americans experience obesity and related illnesses at high rates. Research suggests that diet is one of the causes of these illnesses, and as such understanding the determinants of diet may assist in addressing health disparities in the United States. Literature suggests that diet may be associated with stressors such as perceived discrimination. However, few studies have assessed this relationship within the Native American population, and none have employed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to …
Institutional Labels: A Language-Based Approach To Decreasing Stigma Associated With Schizophrenia And Psychiatric Hospitalization, Jaime Taylor Grabow
Institutional Labels: A Language-Based Approach To Decreasing Stigma Associated With Schizophrenia And Psychiatric Hospitalization, Jaime Taylor Grabow
Theses and Dissertations
Individuals with schizophrenia that have experienced psychiatric hospitalization are one of the most stigmatized populations of the mental health field. The language that is utilized to describe this population is linked with the perpetuation of stigmatizing attitudes associated with schizophrenia and psychiatric hospitalization. Altering the type of language that is used to describe these individuals can decrease stigma. Participants (N=79) were asked to read a description of a character where the language used reflected either a strength-based approach or a deficit-based approach to schizophrenia and psychiatric hospitalization. The characters are individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia that have recently been discharged from …
Perceived Risk And Extended Warranty, Jose M. Fana
Perceived Risk And Extended Warranty, Jose M. Fana
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined how income and mathematical skills influence one’s perception of risk. The study particularly focused on overestimation as the main cognitive phenomenon that influences one’s decision-making process when thinking about purchasing an extended warranty. Two questions this study tried to shed light on 1) - Why do people buy extended warranties? 2) - How much is the risk overestimated when considering the damage and loss of common products? A total of 67 St John’s undergraduate students participated, 18 males and 49 females M(age) = 19.5 were recruited through the university research platform. Finally, I hypothesized that income and …
Behavioral Interventions For Higher-Order Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors In Autism: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Emily Nichols
Behavioral Interventions For Higher-Order Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors In Autism: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Emily Nichols
Theses and Dissertations
Although higher-order restricted and repetitive behaviors (H-RRBs) are associated with social, emotional, and behavioral difficulties in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), there is a paucity of literature on behavioral interventions to treat this core symptom. Through a systematic search, 29 intervention studies that target H-RRBs were identified and analyzed in terms of (a) participant characteristics, (b) setting, (c) targeted behaviors, (d) intervention procedures, (e) experimental design, (f) outcomes and certainty of evidence, and (g) generalization and maintenance of outcomes. Overall, 41% of studies (n=12) yielded large effect sizes, 34% yielded medium effects (n=10), and 17% yielded small effects (n=5). …
The Social Role Of Gender: How Gender Roles And Gender Stress Impact Dating Violence Attitudes And Outcomes, Jin Lee
Theses and Dissertations
Dating violence is a prevalent problem with many long-term deleterious effects, including difficulties with future relationships. Much of the research regarding beliefs about dating violence focuses on the acceptability of violence. The justification of violence in certain situations, such as self-defense, revenge, or playing around, has been found to be strongly related with dating violence, and even to predict dating violence perpetration, particularly among men. Further research has shown that individuals who adhere to traditional gender role attitudes display greater acceptance of violence against women in particular. Additional research has shown that when gender norms are violated, it leads to …
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy For Deafblind Individuals With Progressive Vision Loss, Chelsey Laurito
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy For Deafblind Individuals With Progressive Vision Loss, Chelsey Laurito
Theses and Dissertations
Deafblind individuals with progressive visual conditions are presented with the challenge of adjusting to the gradual loss of sight over time and the social, psychological, environmental, and communicative implications relative to that process. Mental health treatment for these individuals is not widely researched due to the lack of homogeneity in the deafblind population; therefore, exploratory studies are necessary. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is an evidence-based treatment that has successfully addressed a range of symptoms in many psychological and medical diagnoses but has not been researched with individuals who are deafblind. In this multiple baseline design study, the researcher delivered …
Reflective Processing And Intimate Partner Violence, Rachel Zukerman
Reflective Processing And Intimate Partner Violence, Rachel Zukerman
Theses and Dissertations
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prevalent problem, especially among college students. The serious physical and psychological consequences of IPV highlight the need to better understand its correlates. Individuals tend to process information and make decisions in different ways; these styles of thinking and decision likely hold important implications for intimate partnerships. Using a sample of undergraduate students, the current study aims to better understand the thinking processes of those who engage in IPV. Furthering our understanding of the cognitive processes that predict IPV may hold important treatment implications, both from a preventive and therapeutic standpoint. Previous studies show that …
The Psychometric Properties Of A Social-Emotional Learning Measure, Allison Murray
The Psychometric Properties Of A Social-Emotional Learning Measure, Allison Murray
Theses and Dissertations
Each year many students take college admissions exams (i.e., SAT® and ACT®), hoping to demonstrate their ability to perform at a collegiate level and gain admission to desired universities. However, a growing movement encourages colleges and universities to abandon this practice in their admissions protocol and instead consider alternative factors, such as, social-emotional learning skills, to identify promising applicants. As such, this study examined the psychometric properties of a novel social-emotional learning measure, ACT® Tessera®, which conceptualizes social-emotional traits through the Five-Factor Model lens using different measurement methods (Self Report Likert, Situational Judgement Tests, Forced Choice). Using data obtained from …
Adaptation And Translation Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Rating Scales For School-Age Children: Evaluating Adherence To The International Test Commission Guidelines, Tamanna Chhabra
Theses and Dissertations
he current review examines adaptations and translations of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) rating scales for school-aged children around the world. ASD rating scales are a quick and efficient way to diagnosing ASD, and adaptations of ASD scales offer low-cost methods to make tools available around the world. The International Test Commission guidelines (ITC, 2017) provide a rigorous framework for researchers to adapt and translate psychological tests. This review used the X-CAGAM (Duke, 2019) a tool developed to operationalize the guidelines to examine how well the selected ASD measures adhere to the ITC guidelines. Fourteen adaptations and translations were included in …
The Roles Of Cardiovascular Disease And Depression In The Relationship Between Respiratory Disease And Neuropsychological Functioning In Older Adults, Alexander J. Gordon
The Roles Of Cardiovascular Disease And Depression In The Relationship Between Respiratory Disease And Neuropsychological Functioning In Older Adults, Alexander J. Gordon
Theses and Dissertations
The pathophysiology of severe respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), supports the theory that oxygen deprivation to the brain may impact the brain’s execution of cognitive functions. Imaging studies also suggest that neuroanatomical changes in areas of the brain responsible for cognitive processes may be associated with respiratory diseases. Research in this area has failed to conclude definitively, especially in an older adult population, which is more likely to experience comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease, universally acknowledged predictors of poorer cognitive performance, the extent of the relationship between respiratory illness and cognitive functioning. The current …
Understanding Anger At The Self, Tasnova Ahmed
Understanding Anger At The Self, Tasnova Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
When people think of the emotion of anger, they think of being angry at someone or something else. Researchers have slowly found that anger can be experienced even if there is no other person to blame, by being angry at themselves. There is not enough research on understanding what self-anger entails. This paper explains a study that analyzed the relationship between other-anger and self-anger and examines how the effects of action may correlate between anger towards the self and depressed behaviors in terms of self-condemnation and other traits. The study had 169 participants, recruited from various sources. Participants were instructed …
Exploring Emotion Regulation And Altruism When Experiencing Compassion Fatigue From Humanitarian Crises, Including Covid- 19., Saniya Tabani
Exploring Emotion Regulation And Altruism When Experiencing Compassion Fatigue From Humanitarian Crises, Including Covid- 19., Saniya Tabani
Theses and Dissertations
Despite knowledge of devastating statistics, it has been observed that when hundreds, or even millions are suffering in large-scale crises, including genocides, refugee crises, and more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic, humans seem unable to process and comprehend the magnitude of that suffering on an emotional level. While the expectation is that compassion should increase proportionally with the number of people suffering in catastrophes, prior research has shown a negative relationship such that as need increases, donations decrease. Some factors that may impact this include the identifiable victim effect, use of emotion regulation strategies, specific cognitive processing styles, and compassion fatigue. …
Effectiveness Of E-Health Interventions For Externalizing Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis, Celeste Sangiorgio
Effectiveness Of E-Health Interventions For Externalizing Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis, Celeste Sangiorgio
Theses and Dissertations
eHealth treatments vary widely from automated treatment protocols to professional-led treatment tools that are integrated into treatment protocols with therapists. This dissertation organized, coded, and submitted 33 eHealth treatment trials to meta-analytic study to assess eHealth treatment study effectiveness overall and for each type of eHealth treatment type. Systematic review and descriptive analyses revealed that eHealth treatments that target externalizing behaviors varied widely in study, sample, and design characteristics. eHealth treatments most frequently targeted externalizing behaviors in adolescent samples (n = 22), adapted cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) to digital platforms (n = 11), and integrated digital tools into traditional treatment …
The Impact Of A Brief Gratitude Journaling Intervention On Third Grade Students Attending An Orthodox Jewish Elementary School In New York, Tamar Gassner
Theses and Dissertations
Research in the field of positive psychology has focused on the beneficial effects of gratitude on overall wellbeing. Recent studies have demonstrated that anxiety and depressive disorders are increasingly common among youth in the United States. Further, both anxiety and depression have been linked to other comorbid mental health conditions, such as dysthymia, disruptive disorder, and substance abuse disorder. Moreover, anxiety and depression are associated with negative social and academic outcomes. Considering the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders among youth and the associated comorbidities, it is vital to direct efforts towards prevention and early intervention. The literature supports a …
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Anxiety In Youth With Autism: Paving The Way To Evidence-Based Practice, Michelle M. Kirkland
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Anxiety In Youth With Autism: Paving The Way To Evidence-Based Practice, Michelle M. Kirkland
Theses and Dissertations
Anxiety is one of the most common and debilitating conditions co-occurring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as it occurs in up to 84% of individuals and can influence poor psychosocial adjustment, disruptions in individual, familial and school functioning, increased emotional and behavioral problems, self-injurious behavior(s), and an overall reduced quality of life (Meyer, Mundy, Van Hecke, & Durocher, 2006; Nadeau et al., 2011; Farrugia & Hudson, 2006; Kerns et al., 2015). To date, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an evidence-based treatment for anxiety in neurotypical youth, has seen modest, yet limited, promise in treating anxiety in youth with ASD. With extant research …