Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Imagine That: The Gender Of War Rhetoric And Conceptual Complications, Meg Barboza

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

Although it will go without saying at least two paragraphs into this essay, the basis of my argument is both linguistic and social. In this paper I examine how the ways in which humans use language affects the way they conceive of war, particularly how their perception of war reinforces ideas about the male gender and how that gender communicates. Before I jump into analysis, historical precedent or theory, I feel it best to lay the linguistic groundwork.

Essentially, the linguistic basis of my argument purports that if there is even a grain of truth to the linguistic conditions of …

Irish Home Rule, Galen Lewis

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

By the spring of 1914, the question of Irish home Rule had been completely transformed into a question of the coercion of Ulster. The traditional bulwarks of resistance to Home Rule had been effectively removed by the emasculation of the House of Lords, following their rejection of the " People's Budget" of 1909, and by John Redmond's successful resurrection of the Irish Parliamentary Party from the ashes of self immolation following Parnell 's meteoric downfall. Protestant Ulster, with the apparent hour of "Rome rule" drawing nearer, abandoned the advice …

Drug Court: A Therapeutic Alternative To Incarceration, Brian Lagenfeld

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

In the United States, there is a significant drug problem affecting millions directly and countless others indirectly. Drug use and drug-related crime have been on the rise for decades. The government has attempted numerous programs and policies, even declaring a "war on drugs." None of these programs have been effective, as evident in the fact that drug use has continued to rise. Drug use and drug-related crime have caused a number of problems for the United States. The most detrimental are the loss of life and deterioration of the …

The Different Duties And Responsibilities Of Clinical And Forensic Psychologists In Legal Proceedings, Denise Hugaboom

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

Clinicians and forensic psychologists are two types of psychologists who are often required to appear as witnesses in court proceedings. Their roles, duties, and responsibilities in legal issues arc surprisingly different, but it is possible for them to overlap. It is important for psychologists to recognize both the obligations and limitations of their responsibilities when testifying. An important and often unclear question that generally arises is: how can psychologists best fulfill their legal and ethical duties to their clients?

Women's Resistance To Apartheid, Melinda Laber

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

Apartheid was an oppressively destructive system that influenced many lives, not only in South Africa, but also in many nearby provinces and countries. This influence occurred because apartheid was so morally wrong. It forced many men, women and children to be slaves in their own country. These people could not live their own lives. They were made to obey the laws of the white people with a nightmarish force that terrified all and killed thousands. Even those blacks that lived under apartheid lived in conditions that were more horrible …

Bantu Education, Andrew Phillips

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the essay's first paragraph.

South Africa has had to deal with issues of racial differences since colonial times. British settlers came into this foreign country and claimed it as their own. Until recently, these settlers were able to treat the black people of South Africa as a subservient and inferior race as a result of the system of apartheid. Many different strategies were needed to keep this imbalanced system in place. One such strategy was employed through education, or a lack thereof. As long as blacks received a lower quality education than whites, …

Adult Realm V. Childhood: A Critical Examination Of The Victorian Realm’S Ideal Young Adult, Jewels White

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

Alice in Wonderland is a story that represents the cultural shift in Victorian ideas and its vision of childhood. The character of Alice represents an ideal Victorian youth, but her inabilities, confinement, and limitations in Wonderland suggest a culture clash and changing times. The story of Alice, through its puns, miscommunication, confusing mannerisms, and cultural disconnection between Alice and the inhabitants of Wonderland, preach a rejection of the Victorian adult realm. The novel itself provides an alternative for children to be children rather than obedient little adults.

The Second Shift: Why It Is Diminishing But Still An Issue, Kayla Van Gorp

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

This literature review will examine the concept of the second shift by comparing Arlie Hochschild’s classic, The Second Shift, to more recent literature focused on the second shift. There is an obvious contradiction between the amount of work that Hochschild proposed women were performing due to the second shift in the 1970s and 1980s (15 more hours per week than their male counterparts) and the amount of work that the current literature suggests women in today’s society are performing (five more hours per week than their male counterparts). Where is this contradiction coming from? This literature review will focus …

Seinfeld: A Show About Economics And Irrationality, Josh Sufilka

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

The show Seinfeld is much more than a show about nothing. In each episode, unnoticed by the average viewer, common principles of economics are being presented. However, these principles are being presented in a way that differs from the typical neoclassical economic view, which is every person makes rational decisions. This paper questions the view of the writers, Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David, on their understanding of human behavior. More importantly, by focusing on two episodes, this paper argues that people do not always make rational decisions and as a result, questions neoclassical economics as a whole.

The Inequality Of Sport: Women < Men, Valarie Hanson

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

It has been 30 years since Title IX legislation granted women equal playing time, but the male-dominated world of sports journalism has yet to catch up with the law. Coverage of women's sports lags far behind men's and focuses on female athletes' femininity and sexuality over their achievements on the court and field. While female athleticism challenges gender norms, women athletes continue to be depicted in traditional roles that reaffirm their femininity - as wives and mothers or sex objects. By comparison, male athletes are framed according …

Assessing Major League Soccer's Efficiency, Christopher Maxwell

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

Since the North American Soccer League dissolved in 1984, there was no longer a prominent professional soccer league in North America until Major League Soccer was founded in 1996. Previous research on MLS efficiency was last recorded after the 2000 season, leaving a ten-year gap. This research revisits MLS efficiency for the 2010 season through a formula based on percentages against averages of each team for all tested elements. The factors used to compute efficiency are absolute attendance, television viewership, points awarded, and total team salary. Efficiency scores are then further analyzed for anomalies. In contrast to previous research, the …

Dealing With And Adapting To Change, Elina Katro

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Complexity can be found in any type of organization or business. I always compare complexity to a living organism that grows and transforms through time. Organizations have to learn how to manage complexity in efficient ways, so as to ensure their portion in the market and to be competitive with other companies in the same industry. The only way that the companies can adapt to the constant shifting environment is to follow the growth of the living organism and grow with it. Leadership, on the other hand, …

Prisoners Of War Camps In Rochester - Were They Humane?, Ryan Mckelvie

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

After the American involvement in the Second World War, labor issues became more prevalent because so many workers from Rochester either enlisted or were drafted into the ranks of the US Army. Also, many farmers realized they could make more money off of high wage paying industrial jobs in the cities. In order to provide a sufficient amount of produce and other harvested good, prisoners of war were used for the first time as laborers to help the war effort. It was a bitter irony, being a …

The Impact Of Social Networking Sites On Politics, Megan Baker

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

With every advance in technology comes impact on everyday life. This holds true especially for advances in media technology. While the media is a pervasive aspect of life on a day to day basis, a time when it really becomes important is in regards to government and political information. The Internet has become an increasingly important tool for American citizens to not only gain political knowledge, but to engage in the political process itself. Some scholars suggest that this may "revitalize democratic society, enabling citizens to command …

Petit Paw Lave Yon Bo, Kite Yon Bo, Mike Maether

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

As I sit in front of my computer screen with a blank page awaiting my thoughts and input, I can't even fathom a starting point. How is it possible to summarize an evil manifestation, which has been around the world since the dawn of mankind, in a paragraph? How can I start this, when just under a week ago, I had false pretensions that slavery doesn't exist anymore, that it had been abolished with the dissipation of the Civil War in 1865? But the truth is much …

Serial Position And Von Restorff Effect On Memory Recall, Frank Garcea

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

This study tested the von Restorff and Serial Position Effect on memory recall with 28 introductory psychology students at St. John Fisher College. Subjects were tested to see if they would remember the first five words and the last five words of a twenty word PowerPoint presentation. The control group saw all the words in the presentation in a black font; while the experimental group saw the same, they saw the eleventh word in a red type, testing the von Restorff effect. The control group showed results …

Google, Yahoo, And Microsoft Suppressing Free Speech Online, Brittany Alexander

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Foreign governments censor the online activity of their citizens. Iran and China are the top two countries who have been known to censor, filter, and block content that contains any sexual, women's rights, and anti-governmental blogs or content. The American Search Engines Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo are helping these governments censor their people, thus limiting free speech and expression. Nothing can be done to stop foreign governments from suppressing their own people, but something can and should be done to prevent American Search engines from aiding these …

Hope Is Round And Leather: Football Unifies A Strife-Torn Haiti, Matthew Guinto

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

In strife-torn Caribbean nations such as Haiti, hope is hard to come by. Poverty and political conflicts throughout its history too often overshadow the islands' stunning beauty and color. In these warm-climate islands that cry out for structure, only sport responds. In the Caribbean, the calendar year isn't split by the season's winter, spring, fall and summer, but "into cricket season and football season" (Hislop qtd. in Ferguson vii). Football, the proper and logical term for what America calls soccer, provides an opportunity that is often sought …

America's Electoral Dilemma: A Case Study Of Political Participation At St. John Fisher College, Jacob Morley

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Freedom and opportunity, the greatest virtues of American idealism, are now cornerstones of democratic and capitalist philosophies throughout the world. These ideals have impacted the collective social psyches of generations of Americans, providing them with hope for the future and goals for which to strive. Throughout its young history, Americans have seen their nation as a beacon of these virtues and have sought to spread American-style democracy throughout the globe.

Attachment Styles And Transitioning Into College, Carrie Phillips

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Researchers examined whether attachment styles had an effect on interaction anxiety in college freshmen. The Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSC) (Griffen & Bartholomew, 1994) was used to categorize participants as secure, fearful, preoccupied, or dismissing. The Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS) (Leary, 1983) assessed participants' anxiety during interactions. Based on past findings that individuals with secure attachment styles had lower anxiety levels (Engels, Finkenauer, Meeus, & Dekovic, 2001), it was hypothesized that secure individuals would have lower interaction anxiety. Results from a between subjects ANOVA revealed that the hypothesis …

The Economic Impact Of Sport, Jake Conway, Christine Isselhard, Emily Urbanski

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Imagine being a tax payer whose hard earned tax dollars are supporting the construction of a multimillion dollar sports facility, under the impression that these dollars will supposedly benefit the local economy. Then, after a few years of the team's presence in the community, there is no major capital return after being told numerous times by local officials that there would be. On top of seeing no economic increase, all the employment opportunity that was also promised only appears to be minimal. Although the introduction of a …

Female Athletes In The Media: Under Representation And Inadequacy, Jessica Shaller

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

A content analysis of Sports Illustrated covers determined there is an under representation of female athletes in print media. Also, because of the sexualized manner in which female athletes are portrayed, they suffer from inadequate depiction. Women in sports suffer from insufficient media coverage, not only in regards to their lack of presence in major sports publications but also in their stereotypical depiction in print journalism.

Facebook Advertising: The New Way To Reach College Students?, Erin Dorney

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the first paragraph of the paper.

Facebook is an online community that serves to connect students through networks based on their college, university, or similar interests. It was launched in February of 2004 by then-Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg, who was interested in creating a network for Harvard students only (The Facebook. 2005). However, so many students signed up that by the fall of 2005, there are over four million college and university students at over 2,500 different schools in different states, territories, and countries around the world "facebooking" each other (The Facebook. 2005). …

Urbanization, Suburbanization, And Gentrification: An Application Of The Turner Thesis To Modern Population Trends, Erin Boyce

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the article's first paragraph.

When the Census Bureau declared the Frontier closed in 1890, historian Frederick Jackson Turner lamented that the arena in which American character, democracy and uniqueness had been forged was forever lost. His speech, "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" cemented the popular belief espoused by Thomas Jefferson and countless others that America was rooted in agriculture and its ties to the land.

Factors Affecting The Accuracy Of Eyewitness Identification, Sheena M. Lorenza

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the article's first paragraph.

We've all experienced, at one time or another, our own memories failing us at times, and this may have been due to a number of factors. Perhaps the issue at hand was not important to us at the time, and therefore we devoted little attention to it. But imagine being in the scenario Wells (1993) suggests in the following passage:

Suppose that you were an eyewitness to a crime. Perhaps it was a theft, a burglary, a mugging, a drive-by shooting, or a robbery. You might or might not …

Cultural And Religious Practices, The Lack Of Educational Resources, And Their Role In The Perpetuation Of Female Genital Mutilation, Claudelle Clarke

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

Some form of female genital mutilation or circumcision takes place in most countries in Africa. This project aims to show that male dominance, culture, tradition, religion and ignorance of basic human rights play a pivotal role in the perpetuation of female genital mutilation or circumcision. I will endeavor to bring to the forefront the problems government officials face when they try to abolish the practice; I will also discuss the complications and challenges the understaffed, overworked, ill-prepared medical faculties face when dealing with women who have undergone this procedure of female genital mutilation or circumcision.

The Effects Of Physical Activity And Excerise On Well-Being, Jatha Miner

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

A growing amount of research suggests that regular physical activity can have both psychological and physiological benefits to the aging process. Well being, a global psychological state, has been found to be positively influenced by physical activity, even after short durations. The present study investigated the components of happiness, satisfaction with life, and social support, all of which are believed to be parts of overall well-being. Six older, community dwelling adults (M age • 64.5) who recently added physical activity to their lifestyles were surveyed and observed over a five-week period. Pre and post test scores were compared and attendance …

America's Need For A Foreign Language Requirement, Vanessa Cardinale

The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research

In lieu of an abstract, below is the article's first paragraph.

In the world we live in today, international relations are something that Americans should take extremely seriously. September 11, 2001 completely changed the way Americans see the world and the way the world sees us. Now more than ever, America should be teaching its youth about foreign affairs and governments. The first step in this process would be teaching a foreign language.