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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Discipline
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- Emotion recognition (3)
- Ageing (2)
- Aging (2)
- Cognitive decline (2)
- Malingering (2)
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- Psychological Health (2)
- Stress (2)
- Adolescent depression (1)
- Age related cognitive decline (1)
- Age-related cognitive decline (1)
- Alcohol (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Assessment practices (1)
- Australia (1)
- Australian psychologists (1)
- Commitment (1)
- Corporate reputation (1)
- Cultural differences in the workplace (1)
- Culture (1)
- Culture and performance (1)
- Culture and work (1)
- Development (1)
- Drivers of engagement (1)
- Employee engagement (1)
- Face recognition (1)
- Frontal lobe (1)
- Gist (1)
- Leadership (1)
- Literacy (1)
- Memory (1)
- File Type
Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Facial Recognition And Visual Processing As We Age: Using The Thatcher Illusion With Famous And Non-Famous Faces, Richard Hicks, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr
Facial Recognition And Visual Processing As We Age: Using The Thatcher Illusion With Famous And Non-Famous Faces, Richard Hicks, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
This paper reports a study examining preferred visual processes in recognition of facial features in older vs younger age groups, using Thatcherised images of famous and non-famous people in the one study. The aims were to determine whether decline in visual system processing occurs increasingly as we grow older, and whether there is less decline in recognition of famous (or familiar) faces. Three groups (younger, middle-old and older) made up the sample of 73 people (aged 19-82 years). Visual decline in face recognition across the age groups was assessed based on the Thatcher illusion—using four famous and four non-famous faces …
Relationships Among Transformational And Transactional Leadership Styles, Role Pressures, Stress Levels, And Coping Resources In Senior Queensland Catholic Education Executives, Lynette Hand, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Relationships Among Transformational And Transactional Leadership Styles, Role Pressures, Stress Levels, And Coping Resources In Senior Queensland Catholic Education Executives, Lynette Hand, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
There is considerable research available on general organizational leadership but limited research in relation to religious educational organizations and the leadership styles of executive staff. The Queensland Catholic Education (QCE) executives are thought to emphasize transformational more than transactional leadership styles but little information is available on the relationships of these styles to stress within the faith-based organizations, and to the role stressors faced and levels of coping resources. This paper reports on a study of 136 QCE executive leaders (of the total 220 executives) relating leadership styles adopted, strain (stress) experienced, personal coping resources, and selected role stressors (role …
Ability To Recall Specific Detail And General Detail (Gist) In Young Old, Middle Old, And Older Adults, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr, Richard Hicks
Ability To Recall Specific Detail And General Detail (Gist) In Young Old, Middle Old, And Older Adults, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr, Richard Hicks
Mark Bahr
Declining cognition has been associated with detrimental consequences such as decline in independence and reduced quality of life. If we can understand the nature of the decline, we may be able to reduce the detrimental consequences. It seems that with increasing age we remember the general detail of the stimuli, rather than the specific details. Recall of general information but failure to identify the specific instances previously known or studied is termed gist error, and this is seen to be indicative of age related change in memory. Previous studies have compared younger vs older age groups; meaning that the time …
Assessing Differences In Emotion Recognition, Non-Verbal Memory And Verbal Memory Between Young, Middle And Older Adults., Victoria Alexander, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Assessing Differences In Emotion Recognition, Non-Verbal Memory And Verbal Memory Between Young, Middle And Older Adults., Victoria Alexander, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
Deficits in emotion recognition may provide a window into what is occurring in the ageing brain. We investigated whether changes in recognition of emotion could be attributed to a decline in memory processes. Sixty-two participants recruited from South-Eastern Queensland Australia divided into young (19-49), middle old (49-64) and old (65 and above) cohorts were administered computer administered tasks assessing emotion recognition, verbal and non-verbal memory. Emotion recognition declined in older adults for angry, surprised and fearful faces. Age related decline in verbal memory was also observed. This suggests some common element present in verbal memory may be involved in the …
Assessing Stress At Work Across Occupations And Cultures Using The Occupational Stress Inventory Revised, Richard Hicks, Ali Sabanci, Mark Bahr
Assessing Stress At Work Across Occupations And Cultures Using The Occupational Stress Inventory Revised, Richard Hicks, Ali Sabanci, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
Workplace stress is common across occupations and across nations. However, there has been limited research examining the similarities and differences across cultures, and none that seem to have used a direct comparison across one professional area using the same extensive and validated questionnaire. One such questionnaire is the Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised (OSI-R: Osipow 1998) which assesses three main dimensions related to stress: "occupational roles" (stressors), "personal strain" (experienced stress), and "personal resources" (coping resources). The current study examined a cross-national application of the OSI-R among Australian and Turkish teachers to identify whether patterns of latent structure of the OSI-R were …
Relationships Among Transformational And Transactional Leadership Styles, Role Pressures, Stress Levels, And Coping Resources In Senior Queensland Catholic Education Executives, Lynette Hand, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Relationships Among Transformational And Transactional Leadership Styles, Role Pressures, Stress Levels, And Coping Resources In Senior Queensland Catholic Education Executives, Lynette Hand, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
No abstract provided.
Emotion Recognition And Verbal And Non-Verbal Memory Changes Among Older Adults: Is Decline Generalised Or Modular?, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr, Richard Hicks
Emotion Recognition And Verbal And Non-Verbal Memory Changes Among Older Adults: Is Decline Generalised Or Modular?, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr, Richard Hicks
Mark Bahr
Declines in cognitive abilities among ageing adults are observed phenomena. But are these declines ‘across the board’ or are they modular? The answer affects theory and practice, including potential treatments that may reduce the declines. Deficits in emotion recognition may provide a window into what is occurring in the ageing brain. We investigated whether changes in recognition of emotion could be attributed to a decline in memory processes. Sixty-two participants recruited from South-Eastern Queensland divided into young (19-49), middle old (49-64) and old (65 and above) cohorts performed computer administered tasks assessing emotion recognition, verbal and non-verbal memory. Older adults …
Organisational Engagement And Its Driving Forces: A Case Study In A Retail Travel Organisation With International Outreach, Richard Hicks, G. O'Reilly, Mark Bahr
Organisational Engagement And Its Driving Forces: A Case Study In A Retail Travel Organisation With International Outreach, Richard Hicks, G. O'Reilly, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
The Organisation Engagement Survey (OES) was designed to measure engagement and its predictors (drivers) within a large retail travel organisation in Australia. It includes a specially-developed 5-item engagement scale (ES) and a forty-item 8-factor drivers-of-engagement scale (the eight factors are: senior leadership, team leadership, continuance, work support, work demands, employee empowerment, customer focus, financial rewards). This paper reports findings in this case study of the organisation on what were the drivers or predictors of engagement within the organisation (of over 4000 people, as obtained from over 400 responses reasonably representative of the overall organisation). It also provides some insights into …
A Multimodal Approach To Assessment Of Malingered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Initial Validation Study Of A New Australian Instrument, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
A Multimodal Approach To Assessment Of Malingered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The Initial Validation Study Of A New Australian Instrument, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
No abstract provided.
Work Motivation, Personality, And Culture: Comparing Australia And India, Trishita Mathew, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Work Motivation, Personality, And Culture: Comparing Australia And India, Trishita Mathew, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
The influences of motivation and personality in relation to performance have been examined extensively in the research literature, but there has been only limited attention given to the influence of these facets on performance across cultures. There is an increasing use of international resources and alliances aimed at better economic management in many global companies, but more needs to be known about how cultural issues are related to individual motivation, personality and perceptions of performance. Moreover, there are several theories of motivation, but the transferability of these theories to different cultures has been questioned. Thus, a model of motivation, personality …
Assessing Differences In Emotion Recognition And Short Term Memory For Young Old, Middle Old And Older Adults, Richard Hicks, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr
Assessing Differences In Emotion Recognition And Short Term Memory For Young Old, Middle Old And Older Adults, Richard Hicks, Victoria Alexander, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
Recently, age related cognitive decline has become an area of interest due to the maturing population. Research has identified that emotion recognition is likely to be affected by age related decline. It has also been suggested that memory subsystems may be responsible for decline. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess whether age related decline in emotion recognition could be accounted for by short term memory or visual memory. This study also expands on the aging literature as there is a paucity of research that compares aging across three age cohorts, as well as using relatively “young” participants. …
Stakeholder Perceptions Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Stakeholder Perceptions Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Mark Bahr
Good reputation management is becoming increasingly important as organisations and the social environments in which they function become more complex (Caruana, 2000; Bromley, 1993; Fryxell, 1994; Fombrun, 1996, 1998). Organisations are being evaluated by far more demanding standards than in the past, and are increasingly being held responsible for their environmental, social and ethical decisions as well as their economic decisions (Backer, 2001; Hanson, 2001; Inglehart, 1997; Pruzan, 2001; Schultz, 2001; Burke, 1999; Inglehart, 1994). Mishandled social, ethical and environmental issues can have dire consequences for corporate reputation. Well known and well documented examples include the Royal Dutch/Shell Brent Spar …
The Last Truth To Determine But The First To Consider: Navigating Negative Response Distortion On The Pai In A Forensic Context, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
The Last Truth To Determine But The First To Consider: Navigating Negative Response Distortion On The Pai In A Forensic Context, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
Negative response distortion must be a consideration for any psychologist endeavouring to measure reported psychopathology in populations for whom there exists an external incentive for a diagnosis. The Personality Assessment Inventory (Morey, 1991) is increasingly being used in psychological assessment in the forensic arena. This paper presents an overview of the validation of the negative validity indices of the PAI to interpret data from a recent archival file review of 400 individuals who participated in assessment as part of a compensation claim process or in preparation for criminal sentencing. Whilst malingering must be a standard consideration in any forensic assessment, …
Constructing A Valid Psychometric Tool: The Adolescent Depression Scale, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Constructing A Valid Psychometric Tool: The Adolescent Depression Scale, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
In order to assess the impact of depression on adolescents and to achieve adequate domain coverage of the construct of depression, The Adolescent Depression Scale (TADS) was created as a screening measure of adolescent depression. The previous presentation and paper on the TADS, delivered at the 7th ACPID, detailed a number of the initial statistical results; however this presentation will explore the main methodological considerations in creating a valid and reliable assessment instrument. There are a number of guidelines to consider when creating a psychometric tool, and test construction can be viewed as being comprised of a number of individual …
What We Think Affects How We Behave: The Relationship Between Beliefs And Practice In Psychologists' Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
What We Think Affects How We Behave: The Relationship Between Beliefs And Practice In Psychologists' Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
Malingering is the deliberate fabrication or gross exaggeration of symptoms in order to gain a specific outcome. Whilst the definition of this form of deception has remained relatively unchanged for over a century, the reasons that some individuals engage in malingering is less clear. Whilst several explanatory models of malingering were proposed by Rogers (1990) nearly 20 years ago, the relationship between psychologists’ beliefs about malingering and their assessment practice has yet to be explored. The current paper presents data from a recent Australian study, which explored differences in Australian psychologists’ beliefs about malingering and the influence of such beliefs …
Development Of A New Measure Of Adolescent Depression, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Development Of A New Measure Of Adolescent Depression, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
A new scale to measure adolescent depression was developed by reviewing literature of adolescent depression, and an examination of existing depression instruments for both adults and adolescents. The Taouk Adolescent Depression Scale (TADS) was constructed as a multidimensional measure of depression, evaluated using a sample of 263 undergraduate and secondary school students (70 males, 193 females) aged between 12 and 21 years (M=15.53, SD=2.35). Four reliable factors comparable to those identified in previous research were obtained from an obliquely rotated principal axis factoring extraction, resulting in a final 20 item instrument with five items per domain, illustrating construct validity. The …
Age-Related Differences In Mental Categorisation And Recognition For Schematic Faces, James Champion, Mark Bahr
Age-Related Differences In Mental Categorisation And Recognition For Schematic Faces, James Champion, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
The nature of the processes underlying the categorisation of perceptual experiences in long term memory (LTM) has been hotly debated in the research literature. The prototype account of mental categorisation purports that a mental abstraction, or prototype, is formed for each mental category stored in LTM. Exemplar theories, in contrast, postulate that mental categories are represented by instances stored in LTM, and that recognition is therefore dependent on the degree of similarity between the encountered stimulus and representations of experienced exemplars, not an abstracted prototype. Recent studies have suggested the presence of age-related differences in the categorisation of visual stimuli, …
Measuring Adolescent Depression: The Adolescent Depression Scale, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Measuring Adolescent Depression: The Adolescent Depression Scale, Mona Taouk, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
A new brief instrument for the measurement of adolescent depression is described. The instrument is the product of a systematic review of the factors currently considered to be salient to the investigation of adolescent depression. From an initial set of pilot investigations a 90-item test bank was constructed covering six domains of adolescent depression. The resultant instrument was administered to 263 adolescents, late adolescents and young adults. Factor analysis and item analysis reduced the item pool to a 20-item four-factor measure of adolescent depression, which correlates well with existing measures of depression.
Stakeholder Perspectives Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Stakeholder Perspectives Of Organisational Reputation, Mark Bahr, Jeni Warburton, Yolanda Van Gellecum, Margaret Shapiro
Mark Bahr
Good reputation management is becoming increasingly important as organisations and the social environments in which they function become more complex (Caruana, 2000; Fombrun & van Riel, 2003). Organisations are being evaluated by far more demanding standards than in the past, and are increasingly being held responsible for their environmental, social and ethical decisions as well as their economic decisions. Mishandled social, ethical and environmental issues can have dire consequences for corporate reputation. Well-known and well-documented examples include the Royal Dutch/Shell Brent Spar and Nigeria incidents, in which perceived social violations were detrimental to their reputation (see e.g., Dickson & McCulloch, …
Australian Psychologists' Beliefs And Practice In The Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Australian Psychologists' Beliefs And Practice In The Detection Of Malingering, Jacqueline Yoxall, Mark Bahr, Norman Barling
Mark Bahr
Malingering is a possibility in any assessment context where external incentive exists. However, it is not clear whether advances in malingering research over the last 10 years have translated to psychologists' assessment practices. There is limited Australian research regarding malingering base rates or psychologists' beliefs and practices in malingering detection (Sullivan, Lang, & Dawes, 2005). The current study surveyed Australian psychologists (n=102), currently engaged in psycho-legal practice, in regard to their estimation of malingering base rates; their beliefs about malingering; and their assessment practices. Information gathered raises important matters to be considered in regard to the translation of research to …
Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies, Frontal Lobe Related Behaviors And Alcohol Use, Michael Lyvers, Fred Arne Thorberg, Adrienne Ellul, Jan Turner, Mark Bahr
Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies, Frontal Lobe Related Behaviors And Alcohol Use, Michael Lyvers, Fred Arne Thorberg, Adrienne Ellul, Jan Turner, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
Negative mood regulation (NMR) expectancies have been linked to substance problems in previous research, but the neurobiological correlates of NMR are unknown. In the present study, NMR was examined in relation to self-report indices of frontal lobe functioning, mood and alcohol use in 166 volunteers of both genders who ranged in age from 17 to 43 years. Contrary to expectations based on previous findings in addicts and problem drinkers, scores on the NMR scale did not differ between Low Risk and High Risk drinkers as defined by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). However, NMR scores were significantly negatively …
The Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Original Inter-Correlation Data Set And Model, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr, Daisure Fujiwara
The Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised: Confirmatory Factor Analysis Of The Original Inter-Correlation Data Set And Model, Richard Hicks, Mark Bahr, Daisure Fujiwara
Mark Bahr
Stress levels are said to be rising in many different occupations but one problem for cross-occupation comparison purposes is that different questionnaires have been used in different studies - often specially designed questionnaires for the occupation under study. The Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised (OSI-R) is one questionnaire that may help assess the same stress-related variables across different occupational groups. The OSI-R model is theory-based and assesses the effects on the individual of three ‘factors’ (occupational roles, psychological strain and coping resources) across fourteen dimensions. This current study reports the findings of a re-analysis of the original Manual data of 983 mixed …
Smoking And Psychological Health In Relation To Country Of Origin, Michael Lyvers, Tessa Hall, Mark Bahr
Smoking And Psychological Health In Relation To Country Of Origin, Michael Lyvers, Tessa Hall, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
In English-speaking, Western-Anglo countries, where smoking has become stigmatized in recent decades as a result of widespread anti-smoking campaigns, smokers commonly report poorer psychological health on average than non-smokers do. This may be indirectly related to the strong pressures to quit in such countries, as poorer psychological health is associated with a reduced likelihood of quitting, thus leading to a selection bias for smokers with relatively poorer psychological health. In the present study, 147 smoker and non-smoker participants either came from Western-Anglo countries where smoking has become stigmatized (Australia, Canada, U.S.) or countries in regions where smoking remains relatively more …
Beyond The Middle: A Report About Literacy And Numeracy Development Of Target Group Students In The Middle Years Of Schooling, Allan Luke, John Elkins, Katie Weir, Ray Land, Victoria Carrington, Shelley Dole, Donna Pendergast, Cushla Kapitzke, Christa Van Kraayenoord, Karen Moni, Alistair Mcintosh, Diane Mayer, Mark Bahr, Lisa Hunter, Rod Chadbourne, Tom Bean, Donna Alverman, Lisa Stevens
Beyond The Middle: A Report About Literacy And Numeracy Development Of Target Group Students In The Middle Years Of Schooling, Allan Luke, John Elkins, Katie Weir, Ray Land, Victoria Carrington, Shelley Dole, Donna Pendergast, Cushla Kapitzke, Christa Van Kraayenoord, Karen Moni, Alistair Mcintosh, Diane Mayer, Mark Bahr, Lisa Hunter, Rod Chadbourne, Tom Bean, Donna Alverman, Lisa Stevens
Mark Bahr
The Report, Beyond the Middle: A Report about Literacy and Numeracy Development of a Target Group Students in the Middle Years of Schooling, provides a useful national coverage of approaches assisting the literacy and numeracy development of Australian students in Years 5 to 10.
The work was undertaken by a research team headed by Professor Allan Luke and Professor John Elkins from the School of Education, University of Queensland and is a study of the efficacy of middle years programmes in all States and Territories for improving teaching and learning, and student outcomes in literacy and numeracy.
The project involved …
Addressing The Educational Needs Of Boys, Bob Lingard, Wayne Martino, Martin Mills, Mark Bahr
Addressing The Educational Needs Of Boys, Bob Lingard, Wayne Martino, Martin Mills, Mark Bahr
Mark Bahr
Informed by a literature review, this report, based on case studies of schools and survey data, has provided an analysis of the work of research in addressing the educational needs of boys. The report examined how systemic factors affect the educational performance and outcomes of boys and how these can be addressed in the school context. These systemic factors included family, school and community environments, peer culture, student-teacher relationships, and teacher classroom practices. The authors sought to understand how these variables affect the educational experiences and achievement of boys and girls from different socio-economic status backgrounds and to determine which …