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Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Theses/Dissertations

2015

Articles 1 - 30 of 78

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Estudio SociolingüÍStico De Las LíQuidas En El EspañOl Hablado En La Ciudad De GuantáNamo, Yaima Aimee Centeno Jan 2015

Estudio SociolingüÍStico De Las LíQuidas En El EspañOl Hablado En La Ciudad De GuantáNamo, Yaima Aimee Centeno

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Este estudio examina la variación de /l/ y /r/ mediante 32 entrevistas sociolingüísticas llevadas a cabo en la ciudad de Guantánamo, Cuba. Además, investiga la influencia del contexto fonológico, el nivel académico, la edad y el sexo en el uso de ciertas variantes de /r/ y /l/. Los factores lingüísticos internos considerados fueron: el contexto lingüístico (posición final de sílaba o final de palabra) y el segmento lingüístico. También se consideraron factores sociales tales como: el nivel académico, la edad y el sexo.

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From Actor To Object : Political Influence, Political Entertainers, And The Symoblic Construction Of Rush Limbaugh During The 2008 Us Presidential Election, Andrew D. Horvitz Jan 2015

From Actor To Object : Political Influence, Political Entertainers, And The Symoblic Construction Of Rush Limbaugh During The 2008 Us Presidential Election, Andrew D. Horvitz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation highlights dynamics of American political culture contributing to the development of political talk radio show host Rush Limbaugh’s political influence. Current research suggests Limbaugh’s political capital is produced from an ability to generate valuable advertising space for media organizations, his role as an opinion leader of a politically active audience, or his position within mediated political networks. Regardless of explanation all assert that Limbaugh’s inclusion into national news and commentary legitimates and reflects Limbaugh’s pre-existing political capital. The research presented here contends that the role of the press must be reevaluated as a possible causal factor in establishing …

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Supervisee Avoidant Attachment And Supervisors' Use Of Relational Behavior : Contributions To The Working Alliance, Katharine Suzanne Shaffer Jan 2015

Supervisee Avoidant Attachment And Supervisors' Use Of Relational Behavior : Contributions To The Working Alliance, Katharine Suzanne Shaffer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Supervision research has demonstrated the importance of a strong supervisory working alliance in the context of clinical training. However, little is known about what specifically occurs in clinical supervision that contributes to a strong supervisory working alliance. The present study of counselor trainees was designed to investigate relations among their avoidant attachment style, perceptions of relational behaviors used by their supervisors in the most recent supervision session, and the supervisory working alliance. Competing hypotheses stated that greater use of relational behavior on the part of supervisors would either mediate or moderate the inverse relationship between trainees' avoidant attachment style and …

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Identity Compatibility, Career Adaptability, And Adaptive Coping As Predictors Of College Women's Commitment In Stem Majors, Michelle Murray Jan 2015

Identity Compatibility, Career Adaptability, And Adaptive Coping As Predictors Of College Women's Commitment In Stem Majors, Michelle Murray

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The ‘leaky pipeline’ is a metaphor often used to describe the progressive and persistent phenomenon that occurs when women who have initially planned on pursuing STEM careers drop out before a career is established (Cronin & Roger, 1999). Women pursuing STEM occupations often receive messages that they do not belong or are not expected to succeed in the field, which can negatively impact one’s academic performance, increase psychological stress, and influence one’s persistence within a field of study (Steele & Aronson, 1995; London, Downey, Bolger & Velilla, 2005). Using career construction theory (Savickas, 2013) as a framework, the current study …

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Supervisee Nondisclosure : Do Supervisors' Multicultural Competence And The Supervisory Working Alliance Matter?, Heidi Hutman Jan 2015

Supervisee Nondisclosure : Do Supervisors' Multicultural Competence And The Supervisory Working Alliance Matter?, Heidi Hutman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study sought to understand the circumstances under which supervisee nondisclosure (SND; e.g., Siembor, 2012) is more or less likely to occur by identifying potential constructs that may relate to SND. Specifically, this study investigated the extent to which supervisees’ perceptions of the supervisory working alliance (SWA; Bahrick et al., 1991) and supervisor multicultural competence (SMC; Inman, 2006) contributed uniquely and jointly to SND. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that the SWA would be uniquely and inversely related to SND controlling for SMC and that supervisee perceptions of SMC would be uniquely and inversely related to SND controlling for the SWA. …

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The Contribution Of Mindfulness Meditation And Values Clarification To The Treatment Of Anxiety : An Experience Sampling Study, Christopher Robert Berghoff Jan 2015

The Contribution Of Mindfulness Meditation And Values Clarification To The Treatment Of Anxiety : An Experience Sampling Study, Christopher Robert Berghoff

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent mental health concern in the United States. Yet, many who suffer from anxiety do not receive treatment or fail to respond to well-established cognitive and behavioral interventions. Mindfulness- and values-based strategies are possible alternatives for these individuals. However, values-based approaches have not been adequately studied in anxious populations and it is unclear how they may interact with mindfulness-based approaches. Moreover, little is understood about the mechanisms of action underlying behavioral changes resulting from mindfulness meditation (MM) practices. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is one approach that employs values clarification (VC) and mindfulness to bring …

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The Effects Of Acculturative Factors And Academic Self-Efficacy On International Students' Psychological Adjustment, Jeremy Bissram Jan 2015

The Effects Of Acculturative Factors And Academic Self-Efficacy On International Students' Psychological Adjustment, Jeremy Bissram

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

International students who come to the United States to attend an educational institution go through a process of adjustment in transitioning to the United States. This study focused on further understanding the factors that influence the psychological adjustment process of international students. Using the sojourner adjustment and self-efficacy literatures (i.e., Bandura, 1977; Church. 1982; Ward & Kennedy, 1999) as guiding frameworks, the current study examined the influence of acculturative factors and academic self-efficacy on international students’ levels of depression and life satisfaction. Acculturative factors included acculturative stress, English language proficiency (ELP), and social support from both home and host country.

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Theories Of Political Resistance : The Making Of Resistance From The Sixteenth Century To The Present, Onur Bilginer Jan 2015

Theories Of Political Resistance : The Making Of Resistance From The Sixteenth Century To The Present, Onur Bilginer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study discerns political resistance from everyday resistance and then develops on a distinction between a morally and politically justifiable resistance and the kind that is not. Drawing on different historical periods, it demonstrates why the conceptual clarification and moral justification of political resistance cannot rely upon the categories of non-violence, visibility, and legality alone. This study has five main arguments. First, a genuine political resistance is collective and occurs in public. It is conducted with the cooperation of similar-minded people out in the open, as long as there is room for politics. Therefore, it is not hidden like everyday …

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The Process Of Learning To Do Social Work In The Undergraduate Field Practicum In Mainland China : Bsw Students' Perceptions Of Most Useful Learning Event, Qiang Chen Jan 2015

The Process Of Learning To Do Social Work In The Undergraduate Field Practicum In Mainland China : Bsw Students' Perceptions Of Most Useful Learning Event, Qiang Chen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Social work educational programs have been rapidly expanded in mainland China since 2000, and field practicum is considered as one of the most problematic areas. This qualitative study explores baccalaureate social work students’ perceptions of the most useful learning event in the field practicum. Critical Incident Technique-based interview was conducted with 27 students from one undergraduate program in Beijing. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Nvivo software, guided by a constant comparative method in the ground theory tradition. From data analysis, a general learning process emerged that reveals similar patterns of learning among the student participants. This general learning process comprises …

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Essays On Income Inequality, Minority Health And Healthcare Spending, Rui Cheng Jan 2015

Essays On Income Inequality, Minority Health And Healthcare Spending, Rui Cheng

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This set of essays addresses issues related to income inequality, public healthcare supply and population health. Income inequality has been found to affect health in a number of studies. Using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a telephone survey of adults in the United States, the first chapter of my dissertation studies the effect of state level and county level income inequality on health status and the pathway via public health spending. By using multiple imputation method applied to BRFSS income data, it derives synthetic Gini coefficient at state level and county level for each year from 2000 …

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Using Storm-Watersheds And A Multi-Criteria Decision Model For Biodiversity Conservation In An Urban Environment, Christina M. Chiappetta Jan 2015

Using Storm-Watersheds And A Multi-Criteria Decision Model For Biodiversity Conservation In An Urban Environment, Christina M. Chiappetta

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Many planning and land use decisions in New York State are controlled at the local (town or municipal) level, not an optimal scale for planning and implementing resource conservation management. Watershed boundaries provide a more ecologically meaningful scale for conservation, because they capture a full range of natural ecosystem processes that span political boundaries. However, defining an urban watershed is complicated by stormwater infrastructure, so standard topographic watershed boundaries may be inadequate for urban resource conservation even when applied at the watershed scale. Storm-watersheds distort both municipal and watershed boundaries, because the flows are redirected in ways that are often …

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I Can See What You Are Saying : Auditory Labels Reduce Visual Search Times, Kit Wing Cho Jan 2015

I Can See What You Are Saying : Auditory Labels Reduce Visual Search Times, Kit Wing Cho

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study explored the mechanisms underlying the self-directed speech effect, the finding that relative to silent reading of a label (e.g., “DOG”), saying it aloud reduces visual search reaction times (RTs) for locating a target picture among distractors. Experiment 1 examined whether this effect is due to a confound in the differences in the number of cues in self-directed speech (two) vs. silent reading (one) and tested whether speech, per se, is required for the effect. Self-directed speech did not reduce search RTs more than hearing only a pre-recorded auditory presentation of a label, both of which reduced RTs …

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Teachers' Perceptions Of The Impact Of Education Policy On Their Teaching, Professional Development, And Sense Of Efficacy For Literacy Instruction, David Clickner Jan 2015

Teachers' Perceptions Of The Impact Of Education Policy On Their Teaching, Professional Development, And Sense Of Efficacy For Literacy Instruction, David Clickner

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study examined teachers’ (a) perceptions of the impact of policy on their teaching and professional development, (b) knowledge of policy initiatives and the protocols their schools have in place to support them, (c) perceptions of policy, and (d) self-efficacy for literacy instruction and professional development’s impact on it. The investigation focused on three policy initiatives: Response to Intervention, the Common Core State Standards, and the Annual Professional Performance Review program, New York State’s teacher evaluation system. The sample included K-4 classroom and special education teachers and literacy/reading specialists working in New York State. Results revealed that respondents’ perceptions of …

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Investigation Of School Professionals' Self-Efficacy For Working With Students With Asd : Impact Of Prior Experience, Knowledge, And Training, Laura Corona Jan 2015

Investigation Of School Professionals' Self-Efficacy For Working With Students With Asd : Impact Of Prior Experience, Knowledge, And Training, Laura Corona

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

School professionals who work with students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) play a significant role in the academic experiences of these students (Ruble & McGrew, 2013). Unfortunately, some evidence suggests that teachers of students with ASD experience a high risk of burnout (Coman et al., 2013), due in part to the multiple challenges associated with teaching students with ASD (Iovannone, Dunlap, Huber, & Kincaid, 2003). Research has begun to examine factors that ameliorate or prevent teacher burnout, including teacher self-efficacy, or teachers’ beliefs regarding their abilities to bring about positive outcomes for their students (Ruble, Usher, & McGrew, 2011). The …

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Young Adult Friendship : The Portrayal Of Cross-Gender And Cross-Race Friendship On Television, Nichole Suzanne Daegele Jan 2015

Young Adult Friendship : The Portrayal Of Cross-Gender And Cross-Race Friendship On Television, Nichole Suzanne Daegele

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Friendships across race, class and gender have been studied in the past using a variety of theoretical perspectives; however, less often using an intersectional approach. While the study of cross-category friendship has gained more attention in Sociology, gender and race continue to be studied independently of each other. The current study will utilize an intersectional approach to examine how friendships across race and gender are portrayed on television.

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Does Humor Promote Cognitive Flexibility By Way Of Its Affective And Cognitive Components? : A Prospective Test, Stuart Jenkins Daman Jan 2015

Does Humor Promote Cognitive Flexibility By Way Of Its Affective And Cognitive Components? : A Prospective Test, Stuart Jenkins Daman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Two studies tested hypotheses regarding the idea that humor promotes cognitive flexibility. Two components of humor are argued to promote cognitive flexibility. First, the positive emotion associated with humor may enhance cognitive flexibility. Second, the processing of humor may exercise complex cognitive processing, thus making similar processing more efficient on subsequent tasks. Participants in Experiment 1 read humorous sentences or one of two types of non-humorous sentences. Participants in Experiment 2 viewed captioned images that varied in the presence of positivity and incongruity. Results of both studies do not support the idea that humor promotes cognitive flexibility, nor do they …

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Interpersonal Versus Non-Interpersonal Sadness Intensity And Its Effect On Music Preferences, Tina Demarco Jan 2015

Interpersonal Versus Non-Interpersonal Sadness Intensity And Its Effect On Music Preferences, Tina Demarco

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In two studies, I examined the effect of induced interpersonal sadness versus non-interpersonal sadness while controlling for intensity. Lee, Andrade, and Palmer (2013) examined this initially by comparing the loss of someone to losing a competition. They found a significant difference in music preference between those induced into interpersonal versus non-interpersonal sadness groups such that those in the interpersonal group reported a stronger preference for mood-congruent, sad music. However, they unintentionally confounded the effects of intensity with the effects of type of sadness. The current study attempted to equate the sadness intensities between the interpersonal and non-interpersonal mood inductions. After …

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The Relationship Of Disability Status On Attendance, Behavior, And Achievement Indicators For Students Receiving Intensive School-Based Mental Health Counseling, Meghan Morris Deyoe Jan 2015

The Relationship Of Disability Status On Attendance, Behavior, And Achievement Indicators For Students Receiving Intensive School-Based Mental Health Counseling, Meghan Morris Deyoe

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This causal comparative study investigated the relationship of an identified disability (IDEA declared vs. non-declared) on success outcomes for sixth through twelfth grade at-risk students enrolled in a school-based mental health program. Outcome variables included: selected attendance, behavior, and achievement indicators for students who were enrolled in and received intensive school-based counseling.

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The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone Jan 2015

The Relationship Between Hospital Safety Culture And Variation In Adverse Events : What Is The Evidence From Nys Hospitals?, Kathleen Ciccone

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: There is widespread acknowledgement that patients often suffer from adverse events that occur in the provision of medical care (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000). A notable percentage of these events stem from poor practices and unreliable hospital safety systems (Leape et al., 1991; Kohn et al., 2000; Chassin, 2013). Although the literature has been mixed regarding the association between perception of safety culture in hospitals and rates of adverse events, policy makers and healthcare thought-leaders have called on hospital leadership to improve safety culture as one strategy for decreasing harm to patients.

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Stereotypes And Deadly Force Decision-Making, Mark R. Chaires Jan 2015

Stereotypes And Deadly Force Decision-Making, Mark R. Chaires

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract

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An Examination Of Subtypes Of Inclusive Depressive Symptoms Across Female And Male Low-Income Latino And Black Adolescents, Stephanie M. Ernestus Jan 2015

An Examination Of Subtypes Of Inclusive Depressive Symptoms Across Female And Male Low-Income Latino And Black Adolescents, Stephanie M. Ernestus

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The current study examined the developmental patterns of nine depression symptoms (including traditional, masculine, and somatic symptoms of depression) in a sample of low-income, urban African American and Hispanic youth at early (10-12) and late (16-19) adolescence, and examined differences between males and females depressive profiles at each stage. Additionally, this study identified predictors of latent class membership (ethnic group and stress) at each time point. For this secondary analysis of data, a total of 610 early adolescents were selected from the Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three-City Study (Cherlin, 1999; Cherlin et al., 2001), which reduced to 453 late …

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Neoliberalism, Populist Mobilization, And State-Making In Latin America : The Cases Of Mexico And Venezuela, Anibal Francisco Gauna Jan 2015

Neoliberalism, Populist Mobilization, And State-Making In Latin America : The Cases Of Mexico And Venezuela, Anibal Francisco Gauna

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Populism, as the Manichean juxtaposition of the elites versus the common citizen ("the People"), has become an entrenched phenomenon of the modern moral order. Political populism, which feeds from and reinforces the “elite vs the people” confrontation in the political arena, has been a recurrent feature of Latin American politics. The present work studies one its strains, say, the successful conflation of populism and the left in Venezuela—and the lack thereof in Mexico. Through process-tracing (George & Bennet 2005) several mechanisms explaining the success of the radical populist (Chavista) movement in Venezuela are identified, while a comparison with Mexico helps …

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Drunkorexia : Gender Differences In Compensatory Behavior In Response To Alcohol Use, Sasha Gorrell Jan 2015

Drunkorexia : Gender Differences In Compensatory Behavior In Response To Alcohol Use, Sasha Gorrell

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Compensatory eating behaviors (e.g., vomiting; caloric restriction) related to alcohol consumption may lead to both hazardous drinking as well as disordered eating (e.g., Barry & Piazza-Gardner, 2012; Eisenberg & Fitz 2014). Motivation for compensatory behaviors may differ; some of these behaviors may be more related to eating pathology (e.g., weight and shape concerns), or more related to alcohol (e.g., enhancing alcohol effects). What remains less well understood is whether motivation based on alcohol enhancement is associated specifically with reported eating disorder symptoms, and whether this relation may differ according to sex. An undergraduate sample (N = 530, 48% female) completed …

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Fiscal Policy, Laffer Curves And Economic Growth, Si Gao Jan 2015

Fiscal Policy, Laffer Curves And Economic Growth, Si Gao

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The doctoral dissertation consists of three essays on the topics of economic growth and fiscal policy.

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Welfare And Crime Revisited : Beyond Yea Or Nay, Colin Gruner Jan 2015

Welfare And Crime Revisited : Beyond Yea Or Nay, Colin Gruner

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The criminological literature has found that welfare is negatively associated with crime, but few studies have tested this association with data from after the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (PRWORA) passed in 1996. PRWORA fundamentally altered the structure of the U.S. welfare state. The goals of this dissertation were to identify the research and theories on welfare and crime and test whether the relationship has changed since PRWORA. A review of the literature showed that there were several lines of research on welfare and crime but no studies drawing on the full extent of the welfare-crime literature. After combining …

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Attitudes Toward Mental Illness And Mental Health In The Literature Classroom, Melissa B. Guadron Jan 2015

Attitudes Toward Mental Illness And Mental Health In The Literature Classroom, Melissa B. Guadron

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The purpose of this study was to observe undergraduate students’ attitudes toward mental illness and mental health in the literature classroom. This was an observational, inductive study of Jeffrey Berman’s literature course, featuring books written by Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald. This setting was chosen because of Berman’s unique pedagogy, which encourages self-disclosure and psychoanalytic readings. Three questionnaires and three introspective reader response diaries were collected from fifteen participants; text analyses were performed on diaries. Research inquiries questioned a participant’s interactions with the books: How did participants respond to the portrayals of characters with mental illness or mental health …

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Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez Jan 2015

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Home Food Availability : The Role Of Depression And Household Characteristics, Marta D. Hernandez

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although about 47 million low-income people participated in the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (SNAP) program at the end of 2012, the effect of SNAP participation on some nutrition related outcomes is controversial or unknown. Particularly, the effect of SNAP on food availability at-home has not been examined despite its association with food consumption. In addition, little is known about individual and social factors influencing this relationship. This study examined the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and depression and the effects of the interaction between SNAP participation and the presence of children under 17 years of age on food …

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Predicting Job Performance In Correctional Officers With Pre-Employment Psychological Screening, Shelley S. Hyland Jan 2015

Predicting Job Performance In Correctional Officers With Pre-Employment Psychological Screening, Shelley S. Hyland

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

There is substantial cost in the hiring and training of a correctional officer, with a high rate of turnover compounding these costs. While pre-employment psychological screening is suggested as one method to prevent these losses, mandates to screen are not as common in corrections as they are in law enforcement. Further, minimal research has examined the validity of psychological testing in correctional officers. This dissertation examined pre-employment psychological screening for 421 correctional officers hired by one of three upstate New York sheriff's departments. Assessments were conducted by Public Safety Psychology, PLLC from March, 1997 to June, 2012. T scores and …

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Government-Nonprofit Relationships And The Management Process Of Social Welfare Service Contracting In Korea, Ji Sun Kang Jan 2015

Government-Nonprofit Relationships And The Management Process Of Social Welfare Service Contracting In Korea, Ji Sun Kang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation is an exploratory analysis of a government policy tool− contracting out social welfare services with nonprofit organizations− that aims to identify how contracting relationships between public and nonprofit managers influence the contract management process. The theoretical framework draws on the government-nonprofit relationship literature, especially studies that rely on resource dependence theory and agency theory. Using data gathered from interviews conducted with public officials in district governments and workers in social welfare centers in Korea, this dissertation examines the contract management process, particularly negotiation, monitoring, and evaluation through five critical dimensions of the contracting relationship: power, resources, communication, information …

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The Effect Of Caring For Grandchildren On Older Adults' Well-Being : Caregiving Grandparents Vs. Non-Caregivers In South Korea, Jwakyum Kim Jan 2015

The Effect Of Caring For Grandchildren On Older Adults' Well-Being : Caregiving Grandparents Vs. Non-Caregivers In South Korea, Jwakyum Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Purpose: The aim of the present study is to provide theoretical explanations of the relationship of caregiving and older adults’ health (i.e., a life course perspective and Andersen’s Behavioral Model). Specifically, this study examines the effect of caring for grandchildren on older adults’ well-being in South Korea.

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