Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Igniting Concern About Refugee Injustice, Sharon Callaghan, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Injustice is a prominent theme in the news but there is far less attention to how to be effective in opposing it. For activists, it is crucial to understand how reactions against injustice can be ignited and/or inhibited. Injustice towards refugees provides a revealing case study.

From Sailor-Suits To Sadists: Lesbos Love As Reflected In Japan's Postwar "Perverse Press", Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper looks at a range of narratives positioning women's same-sex sexuality in the popular sexological press of the early postwar period in Japan.

Marxist Manager Amidst The Progressives: Walter N Polakov And The Taylor Society, Diana J. Kelly

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In recent years scholars have re-evaluated Taylorism and have shown that the heart of the scientific management movement, the Taylor Society, reflected many of the Progressive ideals that pervaded the first decades of twentieth century America. Indeed, such was the spirit of critical analysis and debate within the Taylor Society that while most practitioners and intellectuals who were members of the society were liberals, individuals whose ideological commitments were more radical also belonged to the Society. That an outspoken and avowed Marxist such as Walter Polakov could find a place in the Taylor Society attests to its ideological pluralism. This …

The Transmission Of Ideas In Employment Relations: Dunlop And Oxford In The Development Of Australian Industrial Relations Thought, 1960-1985, Diana J. Kelly

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The primary objective of this paper is to understand the extent to which Australian industrial relations academics took up the different heuristic frameworks from USA and UK from the 1960s to the 1980s. A second objective is to begin to understand why, and in what ways ideas are transmitted in academic disciplines drawing on a “market model” for ideas. It is shown that in the years between 1960s and 1980s a modified US (Dunlopian) model of interpreting industrial relations became more influential in Australia than that of UK scholarship, as exemplified by the British Oxford School. In part this reflects …

Expressions Of The Calabrian Diaspora In Calabrian Australian Writing, Gitano Rando

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Although a number of studies on Italian Australian literature have been produced they have to date taken little account of the perception of the diverse experiences of migrants from different Italian regions which display substantial linguistic and cultural diversity and have developed literary cultures both different from and coincidental to Italian national literary culture. The only extensive study that has examined the literary culture of a regional Italian migrant group in Australia is Rando La Cava (1983) which explores the oral dialect literature of the Aeolian communities in Wollongong, Sydney and Melbourne. Some general studies on Italian Australian literature have …

The Dynamics Of Employee Dissent: Whistleblowers And Organizational Jiu-Jitsu, Brian Martin, W. Rifkin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Whistleblowing is a form of organizational dissent that is rarely successful, instead usually leading to disaster for the whistleblower. Organizational theorists seldom have addressed the question of how to improve whistleblowers' strategies. A useful general perspective for doing this is to conceive of bureaucracies as authoritarian political systems. The concept of political jiu-jitsu, from the theory of nonviolent action, is adapted to organizational contexts and used to assess a range of tactics used by organizational elites against dissidents. The resulting implications for whistleblower strategies are assessed by comparison with standard recommendations offered by experienced whistleblower advisers.

Challenging Dominant Physics Paradigms, J. M. Campanario, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

There are many well-qualified scientists who question long-established physics theories even when paradigms are not in crisis. Challenging scientific orthodoxy is difficult because most scientists are educated and work within current paradigms and have little career incentive to examine unconventional ideas. Dissidence is a strategic site for learning about the dynamics of science. Dozens of well-qualified scientists who challenge dominant physics paradigms were contacted to determine how they try to overcome resistance to their ideas. Some such challengers obtain funding in the usual ways; others tap unconventional sources or use their own funds. For publishing, many challengers use alternative journals …

Fabricating Community: Local, National And Global In Three Indian Novels, Paul Sharrad

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Reviews Bill Ashcroft's 'Postcolonial Transformations' arguing for a postcolonial consideration of spaces of negotiation beyond the textual in an era of globalisation. Taking the figure of textiles, this argument is illustrated using Amitav Ghosh's 'The Circle of Reason', Raja Rao's 'Kanthapura', and Rohinton Mistry's 'A Fine Balance'. Mention is also made of K.S. Maniam's 'The Return' and M.G. Vassanji's 'The Gunny Sack'.

Plagiarism: Policy Against Cheating Or Policy For Learning?, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Several Australian universities are proposing to introduce use of plagiarism-detection services, specifically turnitin.com, for checking student essays. Having studied plagiarism issues for over 20 years,[2] I decided to look at educational rationales for using such services, especially (1) deterring and detecting cheating, and (2) fostering learning of proper acknowledgement practice. A wider treatment would also cover implications for workloads, intellectual property and institutional reputation. Plagiarism involves claiming credit for ideas or creations without proper acknowledgement. In an academic context, acknowledgement is typically given in the form of citations or explicit statements of thanks. This is important for several reasons, including …

Disney Through The Web Looking Glass, Brian Martin, Brian M. Yecies

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

For critics of the Disney Corporation, the World Wide Web is a convenient medium for providing information and expressing concern. The majority of anti–Disney Web sites are run by either Christian or labour rights organisations as utilitarian adjuncts to offline campaigns. In contrast are a number of idiosyncratic individual anti–Disney sites that provide links to criticism from a variety of perspectives. The Web appears to facilitate this type of cross–issue critique. On the other hand, some forms of opposition to Disney, such as by employees and corporate competitors, are largely absent from the Web. Assessing challenges to a corporation by …

Iraq Attack Backfire, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

With each death of a US soldier in Iraq and each report about the absence of Iraqi weapons of mass destruction, it becomes more obvious that the attack of Iraq has backfired on the US administration.

Exposing And Opposing Censorship: Backfire Dynamics In Freedom-Of-Speech Struggles, S. Curry Jansen, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Censorship can backfire because it is usually viewed as a violation of the right to free expression, which is widely valued as an ideal; under the Charter of the United Nations, freedom of expression is a universal human right. Backfire occurs, for example, when censorious attacks on a film or book cultivate increased demand for the forbidden work rather than restrict access to it. Censors can inhibit this backfire effect in various ways, including covering up the censorship, devaluing the target, reinterpreting the action, using official channels, and using intimidation and bribery. These five methods to inhibit backfire from attacks …

From The Stage To The Clinic: Changing Transgender Identities In Post-War Japan, Mark J. Mclelland

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper looks at the transformation of male-to-female transgender identities in Japan since the Second World War. The development of print media aimed at a transgender readership is outlined as is the development of bars, clubs and sex venues where transgendered men sought both partners and commercial opportunities. The origin of various transgender 'folk categories' such as okama, gei bōi, burūbōi and nyūhāfu is discussed and their dependence upon and relationship to the entertainment world is outlined. Finally, the paper looks at how the resumption of sex-change operations in Japan in 1998 has led to a new public discourse about …

Dissent And Heresy In Medicine: Models, Methods, And Strategies, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Understanding the dynamics of dissent and heresy in medicine can be aided by use of suitable frameworks. The dynamics of the search for truth vary considerably depending on whether the search is competitive or cooperative and on whether truth is assumed to be unitary or plural. Insights about dissent and heresy in medicine can be gained by making comparisons to politics and religion. To explain adherence to either orthodoxy or a challenging view, partisans use a standard set of explanations; social scientists use these plus others, especially symmetrical analyses. There is a wide array of methods by which orthodoxy maintains …

Overcoming Enmity Amongst The Workers? A Critical Examination Of The Mtuc's Stance On The Migrant Worker Question In Malaysia, Vicki D. Crinis

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Foreign migrant workers have been an integral part of the Malaysian economy since independence. Yet their position in the Malaysian workforce and in Malaysian society is most precarious. This paper examines public and union reactions to foreign migrant workers. It argues that government policies have resulted in uncertainty for both local and foreign workers and encouraged enmity between them. The paper concludes that Malaysian trade unions must take a more proactive stance on the migrant worker question.

Stages Of Development: Remembering Old Sydney In Ruth Park's 'Playing Beatie Bow' And A Companion Guide To Sydney, Monique C. Rooney

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Ruth Park's Playing Beatie Bow (1980) can easily be read as a bildungsroman, a novel of self-development or apprenticeship. Falling between the "child" and the "Young Adult" category, it is the story of an adolescent girl who comes to terms with the part she plays in a family romance. This plot, in keeping with other Oedipal dramas, matches personal development with issues of social, cultural and national importance. However, in tension with this thematic of personal and cultural progression is Park's exploration of the contradictory role that the fetish plays in a female coming-of-age narrative. This essay analyses Park's deployment …

Len Fox 1905-2004, Rowan Cahill

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The Eureka flag draped over the coffin of Len Fox was there because Len had spent much of his life, some 60 years and three books, authenticating a flag in the Ballarat Art Gallery as the flag that flew over the stockade of the Eureka rebels in 1854, the symbol, in the words of historian Bob Walshe who spoke at his funeral service, "that most dramatically captures the spirit of Australian struggle for an independent democratic republic".

Compr(Om)Ising Postcolonialisms: Postcolonial Pedagogy And The Uncanny Space Of Possibility, Gerry Turcotte

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The title of this paper is drawn from a conference of the same name that I co-organized in 1999 at the University of Wollongong in Australia (see Radcliffe and Turcotte). Although the general aim of the conference was to interrogate the notions of the postcolonial, it originally began as a wider discussion about the way postcolonialism had developed as a worldwide industry, and the growing sense that the pioneering efforts of Canadian and Australian scholars in shaping this field had been marginalized. My fear with this juggernaut of an academic industry was that the so-called fringe or peripheral celebration of …

Moulding And Manipulating The News, Sharon Beder

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The media are accused of bias by people from both ends of the political spectrum, but journalists, editors and owners maintain that they provide an objective source of news. This chapter will consider the ways in which the news is shaped and how this in turn influences the way environmental issues are reported and constructed in the mass media.

Persistence Of Vision: Memory, Migration & Citizenship - Free Trade Or The Faulure Of Cross-Culturality?, Gerry Turcotte

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In my novel, Flying in Silence, set in both Australia and Canada, my principal character is a French Canadian man torn between landscapes, languages and allegiances. To represent what was for me the central dilemmas of the novel — reconciling memory and migration — I used the metaphor of Persistence of Vision, that process in film through which we physiologically make sense of, or hold together, what should be a blurred, segmented and impartial sequence of frequently unrelated images. *** Persistence of vision is all about the eye, the way it follows a film, remembers an image, holds on to …

Organizing For Domestic Worker Rights In Singapore: The Limits Of Transnationalism, Lenore T. Lyons

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Extract: This article examines the limits of transnational feminist activism through a case study of domestic worker rights in Singapore. This work builds on my decade-long research on the feminist movement in Singapore and my activist involvement in the Singaporean women’s organisation, the Association of Women for Action and Research (AWARE). I argue that the Singaporean state inhibits attempts by local feminist organizations to engage transnationally (either through links with international NGOs, or by confronting the forces of globalization locally). Singaporean activists have creatively responded to these challenges, but their actions remain constrained by the imperatives of the nation-state.

Reading Korean Stardom: Number 3 And The Reel, Real And Star Transformation Of Song Kang-Ho, Brian M. Yecies

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This article focuses on Number Three and attempts to provide a window of understanding of Song Kang-Ho and the development of his artistry, which became crystallized in the early part of his filmmography. Number Three is an important film because Song Kang-Ho’s recognition and popularity began to spread after his performance in it. However, to date, few scholars have methodically explored and analyzed the transformation of his persona. Over the last seven years Song has appeared in some the most popular films as well as on the covers of numerous issues of Cine21 and Filml.O, two of Korea’s largest film …

Critical Injuries: Collaborative Indigenous Life Writing And The Ethics Of Criticism, Michael Jacklin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The publication of collaborative Indigenous life writing places both the text and its production under public scrutiny. The same is true for the criticism of life writing. For each, publication has consequences. Taking as its starting point the recent critical concern for harm occasioned in life writing, this article argues that in the reading of collaborative Indigenous life writing, injury may eventuate from the commentary itself .... With particular regard to the collaborative texts Ingelba and the Five Black Matriarchs and [the Canadian work] Stolen Life: The Journey of a Cree Woman, this article argues that literary criticism can benefit …

Caratteristiche Della Comunicazione Email: Riflessioni Su Un Corso Universitario Australiano Di Italiano L2, Mariolina Pais Marden, Matthew Absalom

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

This paper discusses a project involving the use of email exchanges in the Italian program at the Australian National University. Approximately eighty students participated in the project which consisted of two iterations of a one-to-one email conversation. We describe the language and content of the messages constructed by students in terms of the following features:

• the effects of the spatial, temporal and psychological distance inherent in email communication

• the hybrid nature of electronic communication which is situated between written and spoken discourse

• the relationship of the formal and content aspects of electronic communication

• the creative expression …

Terrorism: Ethics, Effectiveness And Enemies, Brian Martin

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Discussions of terrorism usually contain unstated assumptions about ethics, effectiveness and "enemies." These assumptions usually serve to sideline nonviolent options. Ulf Sundhaussen’s otherwise perceptive article fits this pattern. Terrorism is nearly always assumed to be unethical. Indeed, the very label "terrorism" has become a hostile judgement disguised as a description (Gearty, 1997). In conventional western accounts of terrorism, there is a double standard: only terrorism by nonstate groups or US-government-defined "rogue states" is counted. Sundhaussen, like other critics, instead adopts a definition that includes terrorism by dominant states, especially the United States. His next step is to focus on injustices …

Flags Of Convenience: Shipping Industry Patriotism, Rowan Cahill

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

Wollongong, 19 June 2002 - a Chinese seaman bled to death after his leg was severed from his hip whilst working aloft. It was after sunset, lighting was difficulty, and he was not attached to safety harnesses.

Renovating Reality Tv, Ian Buchanan

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

The Block was Australia's hit TV show of 2003. Its viewing audience regularly topped the 2 million mark, easily surpassing all the other 'lifestyle' shows - DIY Rescue, Burke's Backyard, Backyard Blitz, Changing Rooms, Better Homes and Gardens , Location Location, Auction Squad, Hot Auctions , the list is practically endless. Australian made TV drama has meanwhile delivered its worst ratings performance in years, virtually guaranteeing The Block will not only be repeated but cloned as well. David Castran, the managing director of Audience Development Australia, explains it this way: "recent world turmoil has brought people closer to home to …

Sex, Soap And Sainthood: Beginning To Theorise Literary Celebrity, Wenche Ommundsen

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Internationalisation: A Whole-Of-Institution Approach, R. G. Castle, Diana J. Kelly

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

In this paper we first clarify and analyse notions of what internationalisation is and the ways in which it has become an important strategic goal for higher education institutions in Australia. In particular, this paper seeks to demonstrate the attributes of a whole-of-institution conception of internationalisation, which requires defining and analysing what is meant by whole-of-institution. This is followed by a discussion on the means of achieving a whole-of-institution approach, focusing in particular on the broad pressures on, and underlying potential of, tertiary education in Australia. The basis for, and nature of, the mechanisms and systems for assuring quality in …

Public Education And Democracy, Anthony Ashbolt

Faculty of Arts - Papers (Archive)

As a political system, democracy depends upon a vibrant public sphere. Democracy in liberal democratic societies is sometimes confused with doctrines upholding individual rights. Thus it is that matters of individual choice come to be perceived as inalienable democratic rights when they are nothing of the sort. Private choices and desires fit neatly into a concept of social good defined essentially by the market. They are things to' be bought and sold, their value adjusted to the vicissitudes of market forces. If we begin to think of education in this way, we have begun also to sacrifice democracy at the …