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Articles 1 - 30 of 34
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Temporary Organizational Change And Uncertainty: Applying Uncertainty Reduction Theory And Style Analyses To Email, Vicki Rhodes
Temporary Organizational Change And Uncertainty: Applying Uncertainty Reduction Theory And Style Analyses To Email, Vicki Rhodes
All Theses
This study explores how employees express uncertainty and enact uncertainty reduction techniques through electronic communication, specifically email, during temporary inter-organizational change. The context of the study is within the work environment of a nonprofit entity in the Southern region of the United States that employs just under 20 staff members and coordinates with approximately 135 partner staff affiliates on a daily basis. The Executive Director's medical leave of about three months requires that job responsibilities and organizational roles be temporarily restructured. Because email is the preferred and primary method of communication in this organization, such communications were chosen as the …
Early Predictors Of Downward Assimilation In Contemporary Immigration, Katie Holmes
Early Predictors Of Downward Assimilation In Contemporary Immigration, Katie Holmes
All Theses
Abstract: In this paper, I focus on the assimilative paths of second- generation immigrants using data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study. Primarily my goal is to determine early factors that put these youth at risk of downward assimilation. I use incarceration (in early adulthood) as a conservative measure for downward assimilation. While I recognize that this, in actuality, underestimates the extent of downward assimilation, I feel that it is the most efficient theoretical measure because of its extreme negative, long-term occupational, economic, and social effects. I use logistic regression to analyze a number of independent variables in my …
Sex Trafficking: Explanations And Suggested Solutions, Tylee Potter
Sex Trafficking: Explanations And Suggested Solutions, Tylee Potter
All Theses
This thesis employs framing theory (Goffman 1974) to analyze interviews with sex workers and three groups of service providers experienced with sex trafficking: (1) law enforcement officials, (2) social service agents, and (3) health care providers. The data set, 'International and Domestic Trends in Sex Trafficking of Women in the United States, 1999-2000,' was collected in 2000 by Dr. Donna Hughes and Dr. Janice Raymond and entails verbatim interviews on various topics regarding sex trafficking including explanations for occurrence and solutions for combating sex trafficking in the United States. Framing theory was used to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic frames …
Building A Knowledge Economy Index For Southern Metropolitan Areas, Kristine Koutout
Building A Knowledge Economy Index For Southern Metropolitan Areas, Kristine Koutout
All Theses
The purpose of this thesis is to determine if the methodology used to build the South Carolina Research Authority Knowledge Economy Index (KEI) for states can be replicated and applied to Southern Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Data to imitate the KEI measures for workforce education and fast growth firms were available at the MSA-level; however, academic R&D was used as a proxy for industrial R&D in this index because data was not available for MSAs. An index for Southern MSAs was built based on the coefficients from the OLS results. Workforce education was the most important factor for increasing mean …
Disability Insurance And Female Labor Supply, Rania Malik
Disability Insurance And Female Labor Supply, Rania Malik
All Theses
This paper studies the household characteristics where husbands receive disability income. It tries to analyze the characteristics of the married men based on age, race, education and wage. This paper also concentrates on the labor supply pattern of married women in the disabled households and tries to find whether women in these households work more in response to the disability income received by the husbands.
Effects Of Practice And Feedback On Interview Performance, Kate Williams
Effects Of Practice And Feedback On Interview Performance, Kate Williams
All Theses
Performing well in an interview is of crucial importance to a job seeker. While much advice and training exists regarding interview performance, little is known about what parts of training successfully improve interview skills. This study proposes the following research question: does interview performance improve with practice alone or is some type of feedback required? Participants were split into four treatment groups that either 1) did not practice an interview, 2) practiced an interview, 3) practiced an interview and generated their own self-feedback or 4) practiced an interview and received feedback from a counselor. The study isolates the effects of …
Web Site Content Management Systems: Selection And Usage At Land-Grant Universities, Deborah Dalhouse
Web Site Content Management Systems: Selection And Usage At Land-Grant Universities, Deborah Dalhouse
All Theses
American land-grant universities generate large amounts of information for their Web sites, which serve a variety of audiences in addition to students, faculty, and staff. Many of these universities are beginning to search for Web site content management systems (CMS) to help organize this information. However, there are hundreds - if not thousands - of systems in this emerging arena, with no clear market leader. This paper provides a snapshot of the experiences of communicators at several universities where content management systems are in use. The purpose is to provide criteria to help Web site managers at universities and other …
Drug Use Sequencing And Kandel's Gateway Hypothesis, John Reid
Drug Use Sequencing And Kandel's Gateway Hypothesis, John Reid
All Theses
This thesis tests the hypothesis by Kandel (1975) that there is a specific sequence of drug use that users follow. Using the same scalogram analysis technique utilized by Kandel in her original Gateway Hypothesis study, a distinct sequence of use was discovered. This thesis is based on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005). This study confirmed Kandel's earlier findings in that this study determined that there is a sequence of drug use. The current study also confirms Kandel's position that licit drugs precede the use of illicit drugs. This study's findings differ from those of Kandel, however, …
Stereotype Threat And Women's Perceptions Of Leadership Self-Efficacy, Phillip Lipka
Stereotype Threat And Women's Perceptions Of Leadership Self-Efficacy, Phillip Lipka
All Theses
The following research examined the effects of stereotype threat on women's leadership self-efficacy. Previous research has demonstrated that women's leadership aspirations are negatively affected by the presence of stereotype threat, and the current research served to expand on this literature by examining possible factors that could moderate women's vulnerability to this threat. It was proposed that women with a weaker adherence to sexist beliefs, less investment in gender ideals, and higher self-esteem would be less susceptible to stereotype threat and would perceive themselves as more capable leaders. Participants completed a survey that primed their gender identity in order to invoke …
Pedestrian Conspicuity: The Effects Of Retroreflector Placement And Retroreflectivity, Justin Graving
Pedestrian Conspicuity: The Effects Of Retroreflector Placement And Retroreflectivity, Justin Graving
All Theses
One factor that has been causally linked to nighttime pedestrian-vehicle collisions is pedestrians being insufficiently conspicuous to drivers. Pedestrian conspicuity can be enhanced by use of retroreflective material, and this on-road experiment investigated the influence of retroreflector configuration, the coefficient of retroreflection (RsubA) of those retroreflectors, and pedestrian motion on conspicuity. There were two retroreflector configurations, three levels of RsubA, and the test pedestrian either walked or stood in place. Data from 121 participants are reported. The pedestrian was detected by more participants and at greater distances when the pedestrian was walking and wearing retroreflectors on the wrists and ankles …
Online Travel Information Search Behaviors: An Information Foraging Perspective, Evan Jordan
Online Travel Information Search Behaviors: An Information Foraging Perspective, Evan Jordan
All Theses
Information search has been a topic of research for a multitude of studies across
several fields, including travel and tourism. However, information search on the internet,
especially in travel and tourism, has rarely been examined. As a result, this research was
undertaken to explore travel information search behaviors on the Internet.
This thesis uses information foraging theory (Pirolli & Card, 1999) as a basis to
examine online travel information search behaviors. In addition, other established
measures of online information search (Hodkinson, Kiel, & McColl-Kennedy, 2000)
were used to supplement findings based upon information foraging theory. Groups of
students from two …
Perceiving Aperture Widths During Teleoperation, Suzanne Butler
Perceiving Aperture Widths During Teleoperation, Suzanne Butler
All Theses
When teleoperating robots it is often difficult for operators to perceive aspects of remote environments within which they are working (Tittle, Roesler, & Woods, 2002). It is difficult to perceive the sizes of objects in remote environments and to determine if the robot can pass through apertures of various sizes (Casper & Murphy, 2003; Murphy 2004). The present experiment investigated whether remote perception could be improved by providing optic flow during robot movement or by positioning an on-board camera so that the forward portion the robot is in the camera's view. Participants judges the sizes of remote apertures viewed through …
The Negative Consequences Of Alcohol Consumption And The Analysis Of Variables That Can Affect Or Reduce Alcohol Consumption, Zapora Johnson
The Negative Consequences Of Alcohol Consumption And The Analysis Of Variables That Can Affect Or Reduce Alcohol Consumption, Zapora Johnson
All Theses
Alcoholic beverages are consumed all over the world and have been consumed for centuries. The excessive consumption of alcohol many times results in negative consequences. These consequences not only can affect the individual consuming the alcohol, but also others around them. This research looks at some of the negative medical consequences that can develop from an individual consuming alcohol excessively. The cost of an average hospital stay for an individual with liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, and esophageal cancer was analyzed along with the opportunity cost for the wages that would be lost if an individual could not attend his place …
The Effect Of Compulsory Voting Laws On Government Spending, James Brookie
The Effect Of Compulsory Voting Laws On Government Spending, James Brookie
All Theses
The United States' voter turnout is often cited as being disappointingly low. Compulsory voting laws are offered as a possible solution to increase voter turnout and overall political participation. Opponents of the law complain that voters affected will be more politically liberal and in turn seek to enlarge the size and scope of the government. In order to determine whether this is true, a test was run on the effect compulsory voting laws have on the government revenue of 109 nations. The data held that no significant relationship exists between the two variables observed. This paper will discuss compulsory laws …
An Examination Of The Motivations Of Sporting Event Volunteers At Clemson University, Blair Schuyler
An Examination Of The Motivations Of Sporting Event Volunteers At Clemson University, Blair Schuyler
All Theses
In 2006, The Corporation for National and Community Service partnered with the Bureau of Labor Statistics to add a volunteer section to the Current Population Survey (CPS) that is sent out to 60,000 households each year. That year it was reported that 61.2 million people volunteered their time, effort, and labor through or for an organization. An additional 5.3 million people did volunteer work informally through helping their communities. Organizations across the world, specifically sports organizations, rely heavily on volunteers for success. Volunteers at the 2004 Summer Olympics (45,000), based off the assumption of working a full 8 hour for …
Racial Differences In Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults, Emily Green
Racial Differences In Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults, Emily Green
All Theses
The costs are very high, both emotionally and economically, to those who suffer from depression and those close to them. Depressive symptoms vary among individuals, by gender, between racial and ethnic groups, and by socioeconomic status (SES). Group differences in rates of depression have been noted for decades, especially between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites. The role of race in mental health is still relevant today, and many issues regarding risk factors and differences between racial and ethnic groups remain unanswered. This study examines the differences in rates of depressive symptoms between African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. Particularly, socioeconomic status …
Person-Supervisor Fit: Implications For Organizational Stress, Organizational Commitment, And Job Satisfaction, Hilary Schoon
Person-Supervisor Fit: Implications For Organizational Stress, Organizational Commitment, And Job Satisfaction, Hilary Schoon
All Theses
Traditional fit literature has focused on person-organization fit. However, Kristof-Brown, Zimmerman, and Johnson (2005) recently introduced the idea of person-supervisor fit in a meta-analysis on fit. Person-supervisor fit was hypothesized to be the degree of similarity between personality dimensions, values, and goals. This paper first defines fit and then reviews the literature on the topics that apply to person-supervisor fit. This study was conducted with supervisors (faculty members) and subordinates (graduate student teaching and research assistants) from different departments in one university to determine the relationship between person-supervisor fit with subordinates' organizational stress, subordinates' organizational commitment, and subordinates' job satisfaction. …
Building A Knowledge Economy Index For The Fifty States With A Focus On South Carolina: The Clemson Knowledge Economy Index, Tate Watkins
Building A Knowledge Economy Index For The Fifty States With A Focus On South Carolina: The Clemson Knowledge Economy Index, Tate Watkins
All Theses
This paper seeks to express the relevance of the knowledge economy to economic growth and development and to demonstrate the construction of a knowledge economy index for the fifty states, with a focus on South Carolina. The effort involves a survey of economic literature, reports and indexes related to the knowledge economy. Once significant knowledge economy indicators are identified, regression analysis is performed to select the most promising indicators for use as variables in the index. Statistical testing is also used to determine weights for index components. The thesis project was supported by the South Carolina Research Authority, an organization …
Examining Recreational Activity And Setting Characteristics, Lance Haynie
Examining Recreational Activity And Setting Characteristics, Lance Haynie
All Theses
The last 50 years have seen much research, theory development, and building of the concept of restorative environments and their associated effects on people's cognition, attention, and moods. However, much of this research has focused exclusively on setting characteristics and largely ignored the influence of activity on restorative outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this research was to explore the effects of semester-long recreational activity participation by comparing varying degrees of recreational activity and setting characteristics and their influence on mental restoration, general affective state, and perceived stress levels in college students that were enrolled in a range of multi-week physical …
A Comparison Of The Frequency Of Occurrence Of Stereotypic Behaviors Demonstrated By A Youth With Autism During Two Recreation Activities: Horseback Riding And Board Game Play, Philip Brekke
All Theses
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to compare the frequency of occurrence of stereotypic behaviors demonstrated by a youth with autism during two recreation activities: horseback riding and board game play.. Stereotypic behaviors are one of the three diagnostic criteria for autism as listed in the DSM IV and can impact an individual's functional abilities by interfering with learning and daily social behaviors. This study examined the frequency of occurrence of stereotypic behaviors in two different recreation activities. Despite the increase of attention and press coverage autism has received in recent years, there still remains a multitude of questions …
The Role Of Head Movements In Simulator Sickness Generated By A Virtual Environment, Alexander Walker
The Role Of Head Movements In Simulator Sickness Generated By A Virtual Environment, Alexander Walker
All Theses
Virtual environments (VEs) are being used in a variety of applications, including training, rehabilitation and clinical treatment. To effectively utilize VEs in these situations it is important to try to understand some of the effects of VE exposure. The purpose of this study was to investigate head and body movements in virtual and real environments during building clearing and the relationship between these movements and simulator sickness. The data for the current study were drawn from a larger team training study which investigated the use of VEs for training building clearing. The goal of the first part of this study …
The Effects Of Combining Reduced Luminance And Increased Blur On Older Driver Speed And Visual Acuity, Nathan Klein
The Effects Of Combining Reduced Luminance And Increased Blur On Older Driver Speed And Visual Acuity, Nathan Klein
All Theses
Drivers may be at more risk to themselves and other roadway users when vision is blurred or when luminance levels are reduced. Past research has investigated these visual conditions separately, finding that each degrades acuity without severely impairing steering ability. However, it is unknown how reduced luminance in combination with increased blur will affect driving performance. This study sought to quantify this combined effect on older adults' comfortable driving speed and visual acuity by testing 10 participants in a driving simulator. The majority of the luminance and blur conditions are comparable to those the driving population may realistically encounter. Participants …
Resume Screening: A Policy Capturing Study Of Recruiter Judgments, Melinda Keith
Resume Screening: A Policy Capturing Study Of Recruiter Judgments, Melinda Keith
All Theses
Previous research on the practice of rŽsumŽ screening has failed to yield consistent results that generalize to real life recruiting settings. The present study draws from previous research on rŽsumŽ evaluation and identifies the 5 most common variables on rŽsumŽs--Academic Achievement, Extracurricular Activity, Goal Statements, RŽsumŽ Presentation, and Work Experience. The structure comprising each of these 5 important elements was assessed. In this study, real rŽsumŽs submitted for actual entry-level positions posted through a college career center were used to determine which variables recruiters use in judgments of applicant suitability. Policy capturing was used to identify the judgment policies of …
What Happens Monday?: The Impact Group Initiatives Have On Self-Appraised Problem-Solving Ability, Jessie Belter
What Happens Monday?: The Impact Group Initiatives Have On Self-Appraised Problem-Solving Ability, Jessie Belter
All Theses
Effective problem solving is an essential skill for people to possess. Effective problem-solvers have fewer troubles when dealing with their problems and adjust to society better. Effective problem-solvers take the needed steps to solving their problems (Bloom and Broder, 1950; Heppner et al., 1982). Few studies have been conducted looking at the long-term effect of programs that have problem-solving as an anticipated outcome. The few that have (Gass & Priest, 2006; Hatch & McCarthy, 2005) have not been conclusive in their results. The current study looks at the impact of group initiative involvement on problem solving using the Problem Solving …
Economic Variables And Their Influence On Scientific Accplishment, Willis Boykin
Economic Variables And Their Influence On Scientific Accplishment, Willis Boykin
All Theses
ABSTRACT This research looks for an association between economic variables and scientific advancement. More specifically, the main economic variables will be average schooling in the labor force, output per worker, capital per worker and different forms of the three. Index scores will provide a quantitative measure of scientific advancement. This paper explores the relationship of these variables among individuals and societies.
Neighborhood Environments And Depression: A Longitudinal Study, Jielu Lin
Neighborhood Environments And Depression: A Longitudinal Study, Jielu Lin
All Theses
Does a neighborhood affect individuals' depression levels? Despite a large amount of research suggesting the importance of neighborhood for mental health, there is a lack of longitudinal studies specifying the temporal association between them. The current study makes use of three waves of the American's Changing Lives (House, 1986a) dataset to examine the effect of neighborhood quality on depression across time and to investigate if social support buffers this effect. Particularly, the current study uses the interviewers' ratings of neighborhoods, along with the respondents' ratings to assess neighborhood effects more objectively. Besides examining people who did not move across all …
Culinary Omnivorousness: The Relationship Between Social Class And Food Consumption Patterns, Cassidy Conner
Culinary Omnivorousness: The Relationship Between Social Class And Food Consumption Patterns, Cassidy Conner
All Theses
Utilizing National Geographic's Survey2000 data set, this thesis investigates the intersection of social class and food consumption habits of Americans. Previous research identified the cultural omnivore as a new type of consumer who samples a wide variety of culture to show his membership in a higher social class (Peterson & Kern, 1996). This study focuses on one form of omnivorousness, culinary omnivorousness, to determine whether omnivorous food consumption patterns vary by social class. Three social classes are operationalized (highbrow omnivores, highbrow snobs, and lowbrows), and each class's consumption of three food types (universal foods, in-region foods, outside-region foods) is …
Ecological Interface Design In Variable Workload Multitasking, James Rubinstein
Ecological Interface Design In Variable Workload Multitasking, James Rubinstein
All Theses
This study was undertaken to examine the question of how well Ecological Interface Design (EID) would support operators of a multitasking work domains. Previous research has shown that EID can support better operator performance while controlling a simulated process. Recently, there has been some interest in applying EID to automobiles, planes, and other multitasking domains. This research aimed to answer a more basic question: whether or not people could detect errors using EID while trying to do well on a visual psychomotor task.
The experiment used two tasks. The first task involved monitoring errors in a simulated process control plant, …
Intergenerational Educational Mobility And Child-Parent Relationships: A Response To Absolute Or Structural Mobility?, Eric Willis
Intergenerational Educational Mobility And Child-Parent Relationships: A Response To Absolute Or Structural Mobility?, Eric Willis
All Theses
Research exploring the negative effects of intergenerational educational mobility is very common throughout the social science literature. The primary question driving this research is whether those who exceed the highest level of education attained by either of their parents have less cohesive ties with their parents than those who do not. Most of this research uses a metric of absolute mobility which directly compares the child's education to the education of their mother and father. However, if more people are receiving a college degree in the child's than in the parents' generation, it is possible that the child's mobility will …
Increasing Perceived Competence In Beginning Tennis Players: The Effects Of A Task Oriented Climate And Adaptive Learning Strategies, Alexander Koning
Increasing Perceived Competence In Beginning Tennis Players: The Effects Of A Task Oriented Climate And Adaptive Learning Strategies, Alexander Koning
All Theses
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine if the use of adaptive learning strategies increases the perception of competence of students in a leisure skills tennis class. The complex motor skills of tennis negatively influence a beginning player's demonstration of competence and motivation. Player's self efficacy, goal orientation, and environment are linked to perceived competence, participation, effort, and enjoyment. Lowering functional task difficulty, use of modeling, and use of feedback should increase perceived competence of students. Trying to improve oneself (Task goal orientation) and being in a climate that encourages this (mastery motivational climate) are positively linked …