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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons

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Western Washington University

Theses/Dissertations

2011

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Articles 1 - 30 of 46

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Squalicum Mountain Development Environmental Impact Assessment, Amber Smit, Andrew Donaldson, Jake Dunton, Max Crystal, Oliver Crain Apr 2011

Squalicum Mountain Development Environmental Impact Assessment, Amber Smit, Andrew Donaldson, Jake Dunton, Max Crystal, Oliver Crain

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

This project proposes 1) the construction of a road to be located in a Rural Forestry zone. This private road would require clearing and grading for roughly 10,300 linear feet of roadway. The total project impact area produced by road construction would be approximately 11.05 acres in size 2) the construction of 26 residential homes on 20-acre parcels along with the necessary water, sewer/septic, power, and road infrastructure. Due to a lack of detail on the location of these houses they could potentially impact any part of the 520 acres set aside for residential home construction.


Environmental Impact Assessment: Smith Gardens Slope Stabilization And Long Plat Applications, Wesley Dyer, Cory Fakkema, Corey Holloran, Hailey Morgan, Kaitlin Rogers, Christian Warman Apr 2011

Environmental Impact Assessment: Smith Gardens Slope Stabilization And Long Plat Applications, Wesley Dyer, Cory Fakkema, Corey Holloran, Hailey Morgan, Kaitlin Rogers, Christian Warman

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

Smith Gardens, Inc is a supplier of garden products in the northwest. Operating as a family-owned business, owned by Terry and Carolyn Smith, the company has been functioning for over 100 years. The site (1265 Marine Drive) is located just outside the Urban Growth Area of Bellingham and is over 15 acres. There are two applications for this property: (1) a proposal to subdivide the parcel and build 15 new houses, and (2) to stabilize the bluff near Bellingham Bay, which is at the south tip of the property.


Bellingham Public Development Authority Proposed Cornwall Development Environmental Impact Assessment, Ryan Fung, Elise Keim, Nadine Kohl, Michael Olney, Lauren Squires, Nicholas Sund Apr 2011

Bellingham Public Development Authority Proposed Cornwall Development Environmental Impact Assessment, Ryan Fung, Elise Keim, Nadine Kohl, Michael Olney, Lauren Squires, Nicholas Sund

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The formerly City-owned monthly permit parking lot at the corner of Cornwall Avenue and Maple Street (1115 Cornwall Ave.) was conveyed to the Bellingham Public Development Authority (BPDA) in December 2010. The City Council deeded this property over to the BPDA at the cost of $1.5 million. Subject to further study and planning, the BPDA anticipates to leverage private ownership of the nearby 1100 Cornwall site to support the construction a 45,000-60,000 sq. ft. structure that will provide lower-level parking with surplus capacity for shared public use especially during off-hours. The structure above the parking structure provides the possibility for …


Gateway Pacific Terminal Proposal: Environmental Impact Assessment, David Burgesser, Carrera Casper, Theo Frey, Kayla Grayson, Walter Haas, Tim Kennedy, Brenden Mcclain, Casey Rogers Apr 2011

Gateway Pacific Terminal Proposal: Environmental Impact Assessment, David Burgesser, Carrera Casper, Theo Frey, Kayla Grayson, Walter Haas, Tim Kennedy, Brenden Mcclain, Casey Rogers

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

SSA Marine seeks to construct a full-service dry bulk commodity shipping terminal at Cherry Point, Washington. The proposed terminal will be the largest of its kind on the West Coast of the United States. If fully constructed, the terminal will have the capacity to annually export 54 million metric tons of bulk commodities, 48 million metric tons of which are expected to be coal (McKay). The project will involve constructing a railcar unloading station, stockyard, conveyance and shiploading systems, berths for three vessels, service buildings, and a storage and material handling facility, as well as making improvements to rail access …


Barlean's Organic Oils: Rezone & Expansion: Environmental Impact Assessment, Katarina Bunge, Nikki Dizon, Bennett Harbaugh, Allyson Hayes, Kristina Kraft, Jarrett Wheeler Apr 2011

Barlean's Organic Oils: Rezone & Expansion: Environmental Impact Assessment, Katarina Bunge, Nikki Dizon, Bennett Harbaugh, Allyson Hayes, Kristina Kraft, Jarrett Wheeler

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

In the spring of 2010 Barlean's Organic Oils, LLC. applied to Whatcom County to rezone 35 acres on their 40 acre property from rural-5 (R5A) to Light Impact Industrial (LII). The purpose the rezone is to expand their processing facilities and warehousing storage capacity. Barlean's is a fish oil and flax seed oil processing plant located in Whatcom County, WA. Specifically, Barlean's Organic Oils, LLC. headquarters and processing facilities are located on the southwest 10-acres of their 40-acre square property, northeast of the Slater Road and Lake Terrell Road junction. Barlean's is adjacent to ConocoPhillips' crude oil refinery to the …


Boulevard Park Shoreline Improvements Project:Environmental Impact Assessment, Sara Desitter, Greg Kornelis, Travis Mabee, Caitlin Switaj, Greg Coulter Jan 2011

Boulevard Park Shoreline Improvements Project:Environmental Impact Assessment, Sara Desitter, Greg Kornelis, Travis Mabee, Caitlin Switaj, Greg Coulter

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The purpose of the Boulevard Park Shoreline Improvements Project is to remove fill, riprap, and sod from the shoreline along Boulevard Park and replace this hardened shoreline with sloping gravel, sand beaches, and rock groins. Ultimately, this alteration of the shoreline will hinder erosion, improve habitat, improve public access to the bay, and decrease the impact of storm surges.


Samish Rezone: Environmental Impact Assessment, Philip Grant Bowman, Ryan Nicolas Joyner, Kelsey Erin Lorberau, Alexander Joseph Riedo Jan 2011

Samish Rezone: Environmental Impact Assessment, Philip Grant Bowman, Ryan Nicolas Joyner, Kelsey Erin Lorberau, Alexander Joseph Riedo

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The proposed action would rezone 113 acres between I5 and Samish Way from single family to multi-family in order to densely cluster newly constructed homes. This action would create approximately 245 homes, and urbanize the area.


Downsizing For The Future: Whatcom County Adult Correction Facility And Sheriff's Headquarters Environmental Impact Assessment, Chris Fredley, Eric Johnson, Matt Milne, Lauren Vanderlugt Jan 2011

Downsizing For The Future: Whatcom County Adult Correction Facility And Sheriff's Headquarters Environmental Impact Assessment, Chris Fredley, Eric Johnson, Matt Milne, Lauren Vanderlugt

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The purpose of this environmental impact assessment (EIA) is to determine the effects of constructing and operating the proposed Adult Corrections Facilities and Sheriffs Headquarters in Whatcom County, Washington. This EIA addresses the positive and negative impacts associated with the proposed action, alternative action and no action alternative.


Extension Of Lake Whatcom Phosphorus Ban: Environmental Impact Assessment, Jeffery P. Edwards, Clarrissa M. M. Ernst, Patrick L. Hopper, Kerri B. Love, Nicole D. F. Parish Jan 2011

Extension Of Lake Whatcom Phosphorus Ban: Environmental Impact Assessment, Jeffery P. Edwards, Clarrissa M. M. Ernst, Patrick L. Hopper, Kerri B. Love, Nicole D. F. Parish

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

Lake Whatcom is the main source of drinking water for over 96,000 people in Whatcom County including 82,000 residents of the City of Bellingham. Unfortunately, Lake Whatcom is currently listed under the Washington State Department of Ecology's 303D list as an impaired water body due to lack of dissolved oxygen. The main cause of low oxygen levels in the lake is excess phosphorus. Phosphorus is a nutrient necessary for all plant life. However, when too much of it enters aquatic systems, it can cause an imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem. In the past, phosphorus that was used in fertilizers and …


You Can Have Your Boat, And Launch It Too: An Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Proposed Boat Launch At Former Riverside Golf Course In Ferndale, Washington, Steve Anderson, Paul Argites, Christina Hersum, Tracy Pennell, Justin Sant Jan 2011

You Can Have Your Boat, And Launch It Too: An Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Proposed Boat Launch At Former Riverside Golf Course In Ferndale, Washington, Steve Anderson, Paul Argites, Christina Hersum, Tracy Pennell, Justin Sant

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The boat ramp and parking lot facility consists of the larger part of the Riverplace Civic Center redevelopment project in Ferndale, Washington. Construction of a ramp and a parking lot would serve recreational purposes for residents utilizing the Nooksack River. The proposed facility would also accommodate a moderate volume of recreationists on a daily basis during peak activity months. Located adjacent to Interstate-5, this facility aims to increase recreation activities, and to provide an alternative launch site onto the Nooksack River to the almost out of commissioned boat launch upriver. The alternative actions address flaws with the initial proposal and …


Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Ruth Creek Hydroelectric Project, Andrea Campbell, Darcie Williams, Paul W. (Paul William) Whelan, Daniel Skillman, Trevor Gearhart Jan 2011

Environmental Impact Assessment Of The Ruth Creek Hydroelectric Project, Andrea Campbell, Darcie Williams, Paul W. (Paul William) Whelan, Daniel Skillman, Trevor Gearhart

College of the Environment Graduate and Undergraduate Publications

The ensuing document presents the potential environmental impacts from a proposal submitted by the Free Flow Power Corporation of Massachusetts to the Federal Energy and Regulatory Commission for the development of a small-scale hydroelectric project on Ruth Creek, WA. Upon evaluating the existing conditions and likely effects of the proposed actions, we present an alternative solution of comparable cost and power generation, an enhancement of the earth-fill dam already in place on Cle Elum Reservoir, near of Roslyn, WA. Located in Whatcom County within Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest, the Ruth Creek tributary meanders from alpine settings at its glacial headwaters …


Preserving 'His Masters' Voice': The Archival Significance Of Master Recordings, Joseph Shay Jan 2011

Preserving 'His Masters' Voice': The Archival Significance Of Master Recordings, Joseph Shay

WWU Graduate School Collection

Master recordings as products created by the music industry are some of the greatest time capsules in American culture. Throughout the history of the music industry master recordings received little attention and were not appreciated for the informational and evidential values held within the recordings. American archival theory provides the solution to help prevent the loss of master recordings and hence the loss of a piece of America's culture. Through archival preservation and partnerships between record companies and independent archives, master recordings and the American culture contained within them have a better chance than ever of surviving for many years …


Foča Bosnia-Herzegovina: Presentations Of Identity In Survivor Narratives And Testimony, Francesca Leaf Jan 2011

Foča Bosnia-Herzegovina: Presentations Of Identity In Survivor Narratives And Testimony, Francesca Leaf

WWU Graduate School Collection

In April of 1992 the Foča municipality of Bosnia-Herzegovina was taken over by the ultranationalist Bosnian Serb, Serb and Montenegrin forces. As part of a larger strategy of genocide, the ultranationalist forces systematically raped and sexually abused the Bosniak girls and women of Foča. The systematic rapes perpetrated in the Foča municipality are representative of the larger pattern of rape during the 1992-1995 genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The use of rape as a tactical force of war in the Foča municipality garnered international media attention; resulting in a wealth of literature, interviews with survivors and the International Criminal Tribunal for the …


Deserving Of Trust: Ethics In The American Archival Profession, Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth) Thompson Jan 2011

Deserving Of Trust: Ethics In The American Archival Profession, Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth) Thompson

WWU Graduate School Collection

This thesis explores ways in which the American archival profession, through the Society of American Archivists (SAA), can promote the trustworthiness of archives and archivists. The further professionalization, which involves the creation of a cohesive organization, standards, and a code of ethics, of the archival field is one proposed starting point. Currently, SAA is already on the path of professionalization. For some occupations, professionalization also includes the enforcement of standards and ethics, as well as the certification of members. I argue that for the American archival profession, however, these are not the paths to take. Enforcement and certification require infrastructure …


Wildlife Governance And The Politics Of Transborder Commons: The Gray Wolf Case, Jenni Pelc Jan 2011

Wildlife Governance And The Politics Of Transborder Commons: The Gray Wolf Case, Jenni Pelc

WWU Graduate School Collection

Wildlife management north and south of the Border is markedly different and is a direct reflection of the respective political systems. This variance in governance structures on either side of the border makes coordination, implementation, and management of transborder natural resources difficult. Transborder wildlife, particularly those shared across international borders, present many challenges to their successful management. Environmental governance scholars have indicated that a shift to more "fluid" polycentric governance, or multiple centers of governance among several smaller jurisdictions, may be more effective than governance through a single large structure. The following questions were used to guide (1) a sub-national …


Rationing The River: Evaluating Hybrid Instream Flow Programs In Colorado And Montana, Zachary Bruning Jan 2011

Rationing The River: Evaluating Hybrid Instream Flow Programs In Colorado And Montana, Zachary Bruning

WWU Graduate School Collection

Properly managing river water is one of the most important common pool resource issues in the Western United States. Historically, laws regulating water in the West have been biased toward diverting water out of stream for human consumption at the cost of de-watering and degrading rivers across the West. Several states have recognized the importance of leaving water instream and have taken action to support that cause. This study provides an examination of the hybrid instream flow programs used in Colorado and Montana to preserve and restore the health of rivers in those states. Using a case study approach each …


The Recipe For Erms Sustainability: A Survey Of How Organizations Have Implemented Electronic Records Systems, Danelle Court Jan 2011

The Recipe For Erms Sustainability: A Survey Of How Organizations Have Implemented Electronic Records Systems, Danelle Court

WWU Graduate School Collection

Electronic records inundate our daily lives and our organizations. Management of these electronic records, however, is often inadequate. Electronic records management systems are a tool that can help effectively manage electronic records, and many organizations are starting to implement an electronic records management system in order to become more efficient and effective. How can one make the electronic records system successful and sustainable? To address these concerns, the author conducted an Electronic Records System Survey, with over four hundred participants. The responses suggest five components that can make an electronic records system sustainable in an organization: 1. Visible leadership and …


Developing A Resilience Framework To Analyze Farmer Perspectives On Threat And Vulnerability To Catastrophic Events In Western Washington State, Bryant Hammond Jan 2011

Developing A Resilience Framework To Analyze Farmer Perspectives On Threat And Vulnerability To Catastrophic Events In Western Washington State, Bryant Hammond

WWU Graduate School Collection

Agriculture plays an important role in Western Washington's culture, economy, and environment. However, agriculture as it has been practiced over its 150-year history in the region is currently threatened by several changes differing in severity and onset speed. This thesis examines the adaptation of farmers to the changing system in which they are situated by exploring how they view vulnerability and threat; what strategies they suggest might aid in adaptation; and how farmers situate themselves and their operations within larger socio-ecological systems. I derive my data from disaster planning workshops in which farmers from each of three counties participated in …


War And Peace: Assessing The Impact Of Pmc's On The Outcome Of Civil Conflicts, Jessica Shea Jan 2011

War And Peace: Assessing The Impact Of Pmc's On The Outcome Of Civil Conflicts, Jessica Shea

WWU Graduate School Collection

As a response to the proliferation of private military contractors (PMC's) operating in the global marketplace today, scholars have increased the range and scope of their studies on PMC's. Yet, to date there exists no body of literature that provides a comprehensive examination of how PMC's may potentially impact the outcome to a civil conflict. My essay establishes that PMC's may play very different roles within conflicts, which influence the outcome to a conflict, and does so by examining the cases of Military Professional Resources, Incorporated (MPRI) in the Balkans, Executive Outcomes (EO) in Angola and EO in Sierra Leone.


The Delicate State Of The Nation-State: A Discourse Analysis Of The Parti Québécois From 1960-2000, Kristina Perkins Jan 2011

The Delicate State Of The Nation-State: A Discourse Analysis Of The Parti Québécois From 1960-2000, Kristina Perkins

WWU Graduate School Collection

This paper explores the changes that Québécois nationalism has experienced between 1960 and 2000 as reflected in the discourse of the Parti Québécois (PQ). The hypothesis of this study holds that the provincial and federal political environment has affected the issues that are emphasized in nationalism discourse in Québec. The leaders of the PQ are likely to emphasize the economic or state-building potential of the province when Québec is on the brink of a sovereignty referendum or a constitutional reform initiative. Cultural references, such as language or history, are assumed to be emphasized when the PQ is not in power, …


Bivalve Growth-Stages As A Measure Of Harvesting Intensity: Application On The Southern Northwest Coast, Shona D. (Shona Dejeanne) Pierce Jan 2011

Bivalve Growth-Stages As A Measure Of Harvesting Intensity: Application On The Southern Northwest Coast, Shona D. (Shona Dejeanne) Pierce

WWU Graduate School Collection

Prehistoric settlements along the Pacific Northwest Coast have produced some of the clearest records for study on human subsistence use, such as harvesting practices (Butler 2000; Cannon et al. 2008; Croes 1992; Moss 1993; Wesson 1988). The archaeological and ethnographic records in this region have produced artifacts and oral accounts that have led scientists to logical conclusions about specific types of subsistence use. In turn, subsistence use data can tell us many things about a society, including population size, longevity of settlement and site function. Intensities in subsistence practices can also show whether an area was used as a long-term, …


The Documentation Of Tragedy In The Archives: Exploring The Records Of The Campus Shooting On Northern Illinois University, Collective Memory, And The Archivist, Michael Folkerts Jan 2011

The Documentation Of Tragedy In The Archives: Exploring The Records Of The Campus Shooting On Northern Illinois University, Collective Memory, And The Archivist, Michael Folkerts

WWU Graduate School Collection

Archivists play a pivotal role in documenting collective memory through the records they preserve. With this responsibility, it is necessary for the profession to be active in their duties if they wish to preserve a more encompassing memory of an event, and is especially true in emotionally delicate, tragic situations. This paper explores collective memory in its relation to tragedy, and its effects on the archivist. It then looks at the archival collection of the campus shooting that took place at Northern Illinois University in early 2008. Through interviews and studying the records of the collection, it is shown how …


Asbestos-Laden Soil: A Case Study Analysis Of Swift Creek, Rebekah J. Hook Jan 2011

Asbestos-Laden Soil: A Case Study Analysis Of Swift Creek, Rebekah J. Hook

WWU Graduate School Collection

In the rural area of Whatcom County, Washington there is a naturally occurring asbestos site on the west side of Sumas Mountain. The asbestos laden-soil became airborne after a landslide occurred on the mountain causing asbestos-laden sediment to become loose and every year, one-hundred thousand cubic yards flows into the nearby Swift Creek. There are many stakeholders who are involved in developing mitigation policies. These include agency officials and elected representatives from a variety of levels of government and private property owners. This case study expands on the relationship between "less pressing" environmental issues and the types conditions that must …


Examining Illicit Cross-Border Drug Flows Within The Pacific Northwest, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick) Larsen Jan 2011

Examining Illicit Cross-Border Drug Flows Within The Pacific Northwest, Joseph P. (Joseph Patrick) Larsen

WWU Graduate School Collection

After the attacks of September 11th, 2001 the American government placed a new emphasis upon domestic security and scrutiny soon fell upon the US-Canada border. From 2001 to 2011 there has been a great expansion of border security on the US-Canada border. It is the objective of this thesis to examine how increases in security along the US-Canada border following 9/11 have affected or changed drug smuggling in the Pacific Northwest. It is the central hypothesis of this thesis that the smuggling of drugs produced in British Columbia for American markets has been pushed into the interior of the Pacific …


Self Discrepancy And Narrative Repair, Lauren E. Jennings Jan 2011

Self Discrepancy And Narrative Repair, Lauren E. Jennings

WWU Graduate School Collection

Personal narratives have been shown to play an important role in creating a stable sense of self, yet little research has examined this in experimental designs. Thus, this study explored the utility of narrative, in comparison to other mechanisms (e.g., self-affirmation, distraction), for coping with threats to self-concept by examining affective and cognitive repair after experiencing a threat. Participants (N = 331) received false physiological feedback suggesting a prejudiced response to African Americans and obese people and were induced to complete one of five repair techniques. Participants also completed affect and self-concept measures pre-study, post-threat, and post-repair. Overall, threat-specific and …


Cemeteries As Archives: Who Says Dead Men Tell No Tales?, Andrea Chaddock Jan 2011

Cemeteries As Archives: Who Says Dead Men Tell No Tales?, Andrea Chaddock

WWU Graduate School Collection

Cemeteries are more than just the final resting place of our ancestors; many scholarly fields have found the cemetery to be a valuable historical resource. The cemetery contains a wealth of information, including the personal stories of those buried there, the actions of the organization that created it, and the beliefs of the people in the community to which it belongs. In many cases, the cemetery is the only remaining documentary evidence about a person or a group of people. The archival profession has tasked itself with preserving the documentary heritage of the full spectrum of society, but it has …


Measuring Smoking-Related Attentional Bias With A Change Detection Task, Gordon T. Barker Jan 2011

Measuring Smoking-Related Attentional Bias With A Change Detection Task, Gordon T. Barker

WWU Graduate School Collection

Despite well known health risks, cigarette smoking remains very prevalent in the United States. In addition, those who attempt to quite are very likely to relapse. Cognitive predictors have not been well examined to date, despite evidence from the Incentive- Sensitization model of addiction that cognitive processes play a large role in relapse and continued addictive behavior (Robinson & Berridge, 1993). To address if the cognitive adaptations involved in the Incentive-Sensitization model are permanent or semi-permanent, this current study examined the abilities of current smokers (n = 15), former smokers (n = 13), and never smokers (n = 15) to …


Interpretive Seeing: Art In The Archive, Meryl C. Crayton Jan 2011

Interpretive Seeing: Art In The Archive, Meryl C. Crayton

WWU Graduate School Collection

According to recent historical research trends, the iconography within art offers researchers new insight into past events, behaviors, and ideologies. Images tend to capture aspects of the past absent from textual records. Paintings and drawings have been employed by the United States army, past political leaders, and Western explorers to record the surrounding social, political, and/or physical environment. And, paintings often carry ideological arguments and critiques on the surrounding political and economic environment. These art records are creations and participants in the surrounding socio-political environment. As institutions of collective memory and preservers of public documents, archives are obligated to preserve …


Bis-Bas, Dispositional Influences On Cardiac Reactivity To Naturally Occurring Stressors, Nicholas P. (Nicholas Peter) Goodman Jan 2011

Bis-Bas, Dispositional Influences On Cardiac Reactivity To Naturally Occurring Stressors, Nicholas P. (Nicholas Peter) Goodman

WWU Graduate School Collection

Research has relied primarily on laboratory settings to examine how emotions and physiology are affected by acute experiences of stress. This is because it is difficult to manipulate acute stress outside the lab and without a discrete manipulation it is difficult to measure physiological and emotional arousal during acute stress. This study found evidence that everyday stress predicts temporary changes in blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to investigate Gray's (1987) behavioral inhibition (BIS) and behavioral activation (BAS) systems, and to identify divergent cardiovascular and emotional outcomes to natural stressors for each of these systems. The data from …


Archival Education And Outreach: Promoting Communal Identity Through Education, Serra H. Hagedorn Jan 2011

Archival Education And Outreach: Promoting Communal Identity Through Education, Serra H. Hagedorn

WWU Graduate School Collection

Archival outreach programs serve a key role in the preservation and promotion of public history. Community based educational programs sponsored and implemented by archival repositories allow actual, as well as potential, patrons to learn about their local history and to familiarize themselves with archival materials. It is the purpose of this thesis to explore the postmodern archival perspective and to propose universal program models which can be adapted to facilitate educational outreach in archival repositories of various staff sizes and organizational affiliations. This study will appraise the similarities and differences of a variety of current public outreach programs with a …