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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The 4d-Model Of Trauma-Related Dissociation: An Empirical Test Of A Novel Theoretical Framework, Matthew F D Brown
The 4d-Model Of Trauma-Related Dissociation: An Empirical Test Of A Novel Theoretical Framework, Matthew F D Brown
Undergraduate Honors Posters
A recent framework known as the 4D-model of Trauma-related Dissociation (Frewen & Lanius, 2014) differentiates between symptoms of clinically significant distress based on whether the symptoms do or do not intrinsically exemplify trauma-related altered states of consciousness (TRASC). Undergraduate students (n = 342) participated in an online survey and completed several measures assessing childhood experiences and psychological symptoms. Female PTSD patients (n = 25) completed similar measures before entering treatment. Within the student sample, NWC symptoms were endorsed as occurring more frequently than TRASC symptoms. Any two symptoms of NWC were not intercorrelated stronger than any two symptoms of TRASC; …
The Effects Of Musical Mood And Musical Arousal On Visual Attention, Angela B. Marti Marca, Tram Nguyen, Jessica Grahn Dr.
The Effects Of Musical Mood And Musical Arousal On Visual Attention, Angela B. Marti Marca, Tram Nguyen, Jessica Grahn Dr.
Undergraduate Honors Posters
The presence of music is a visceral part of the human experience and its influence on cognitive function has become a growing area of research in psychology. In particular, perceptual properties of music (mood and arousal) have been shown to significantly affect performance. There has been minimal research in the field on the interaction of these perceptual properties and their influence on attentional processes. This research study focused on the effects of musical mood and musical arousal on visual attention. Given that music is a highly subjective experience, participants were asked to rate different music clips on independent dimensions of …
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Undergraduate Honors Posters
This study is the first to investigate the extent to which environmental and genetic factors contribute to aspects of ownership reasoning. 65 pairs of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins, and 16 pairs of same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twins completed a 24-item ownership questionnaire, which included items on new ownership and appropriate transfers of ownership. MZ correlations were larger than DZ correlations for both aspects of ownership reasoning, and univariate model fitting indicated that genetic and non-shared environmental factors could account for all individual variation, with shared environmental factors contributing non-significantly. Heritabilities ranged from .36-.57 over both factors. The results support the notion …
Adventure-Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Adventure-Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Undergraduate Honors Posters
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an adventure-based counselling (ABC) program on the interpersonal behaviour of forensic psychiatric inpatients. To our knowledge, no research had examined the use of an adventure-therapy approach with this population despite the promising literature on ABC with other samples. Participants were mentally ill offenders at the Southwest Center for Forensic Mental Health Care in St. Thomas, Ontario. Seventeen participants took part in a 12-session ABC program which addressed interpersonal skills through group challenge activities. Measures of interpersonal behaviour were assessed using both self-report questionnaires and file review. Results showed hypothesized …
Does Participation In An Inpatient Psychiatric Adventure-Based Counseling (Abc) Program Improve Client Outcome On Intrapersonal Criminogenic Risk Factors?, Jeremy M. Reinblatt
Does Participation In An Inpatient Psychiatric Adventure-Based Counseling (Abc) Program Improve Client Outcome On Intrapersonal Criminogenic Risk Factors?, Jeremy M. Reinblatt
Undergraduate Honors Posters
Rehabilitation within forensic psychiatric offenders has traditionally focused on the reduction of symptomatology. An emerging idea, however, is to additionally target their criminogenic risk factors, such as depression and self-esteem. Adventure-Based Counseling, a type of Wilderness Therapy, has been shown to be efficacious in treating certain non-forensic populations. The current study is an attempt to merge these two different lines of research and evaluate this type of counseling in a forensic psychiatric population. The current study will look at the effectiveness of the Adventure-Based Counseling program on a number of intrapersonal criminogenic risk factors in a sample of forensic psychiatric …
The Relation Of Social Dominance Orientation To Moral Decision-Making Using A Process Dissociation Approach, Nicole Sj Dryburgh
The Relation Of Social Dominance Orientation To Moral Decision-Making Using A Process Dissociation Approach, Nicole Sj Dryburgh
Undergraduate Honors Posters
Two studies were conducted to investigate the relation between individual differences in Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and moral inclinations when responding to situations of moral conflict. In Study 1 the correlation between scores on SDO and deontological and utilitarian parameters was investigated. The results showed that SDO was significantly negatively related to deontological parameters, (r(49) = -.354, p = .013), and unrelated to utilitarian parameters (r(49) = -.104, p = .479). In Study 2 we attempted to replicate the results of Study 1 and investigate whether increasing the salience of harm in dilemmas would increase levels …
Selecting And Striving For Goals, Angela Allan
Selecting And Striving For Goals, Angela Allan
Undergraduate Honors Posters
Mental Contrasting (MC) is a self-regulating strategy in which one identifies a goal, visualizes a positive outcome, and then considers a current personal obstacle to that goal. Agency thinking signals an individual’s confidence in her ability to execute the necessary goal-directed behaviours (Snyder, 2002). 99 university students selected an academic goal and conducted either a MC or control exercise. Subjects completed agency scales before and after treatment and goal commitment scales following treatment. How does Mental Contrasting impact students’ sense of agency and commitment toward an academic goal? It was hypothesized that goal commitment scores would be greater for the …
Behavioral Inhibition And Parent Reported Anxiety Symptoms In Early Childhood: Moderation By Child Sex, Michelle Dzialakiewicz
Behavioral Inhibition And Parent Reported Anxiety Symptoms In Early Childhood: Moderation By Child Sex, Michelle Dzialakiewicz
Undergraduate Honors Posters
Behavioral Inhibition (BI) is a temperamental trait that refers to the avoidance and withdrawal from novel situations, objects, and people. It is considered a risk marker for later anxiety disorders. However, for BI to be a true risk marker it must predate the disorder onset and it should be associated with other well-known risk markers, such as early emerging symptoms. The majority of research exploring BI as a risk marker has largely utilized parent- or self- report measures of BI and has focused on middle to late childhood and adolescence. Further, BI has been linked with social anxiety specifically as …
Investigating The Effects Of Header Display Formats On Reading Webpages, Matthew J. Hennessy
Investigating The Effects Of Header Display Formats On Reading Webpages, Matthew J. Hennessy
Undergraduate Honors Posters
This thesis investigated the influence of format (static vs. dynamic) and relevance (relevant vs. not relevant) on the creation of effective Web site header displays. Through evaluation of current trends in header display design, the aim of this research was to offer plausible explanatory mechanisms within the perceptual and visual systems, along with practical recommendations for both users and designers alike. While presenting 100 undergraduate students with simplified Web page interfaces containing only a header and paragraph text, looking time was measured followed by score on a set of text-comprehension questions. Score was then considered as a function of header …
Does Pornography Use Contribute To Antiwoman Aggression? Re-Examination Of The Confluence Model Considering Third Variable Explanations, Jodie L. Baer
Does Pornography Use Contribute To Antiwoman Aggression? Re-Examination Of The Confluence Model Considering Third Variable Explanations, Jodie L. Baer
Undergraduate Honors Posters
The confluence model of sexual aggression (e.g. Malamuth, Heavey & Linz, 1996) suggests that pornography use, thought to promote sexual coercion of women through its presentation of submissive female imagery, works in conjunction with sexual promiscuity (SP) and hostile masculinity (HM) to produce antiwoman-aggressive outcomes. The following study re-examined the confluence model’s claims using a correlational Internet survey involving 188 adult male participants. As expected, confluence model results were replicated such that men higher in HM and SP were more likely to report sexually aggressing with higher (as compared to lower) pornography use. Furthermore, both HM and SP were strong …
Transposed Letter Effects In Korean, Arum Song Yi Jeong
Transposed Letter Effects In Korean, Arum Song Yi Jeong
Undergraduate Honors Posters
No abstract provided.
A Behavioural Genetics Analysis Of Altruism And Its Relation To The Dark Triad, Maddy Mikulis
A Behavioural Genetics Analysis Of Altruism And Its Relation To The Dark Triad, Maddy Mikulis
Undergraduate Honors Posters
The current study was the first to report a behavioural genetics analysis of altruism and its relationship with the dark triad traits of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). 228 adult twins completed questionnaires of the dark triad and altruism. A significant correlation between altruism and narcissism was revealed. Altruism was found to be influenced in part by genetic factors as well as non-shared environmental factors. Implications and limitations are discussed.