Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Preservation Of Computer-Based And Computer-Generated Records, Gordon B. Neavill

School of Information Sciences Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Competitive-Orientation Measures, Diane L. Gill, Betty C. Kelley, Jeffrey J. Martin, Christina M. Caruso

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

We compared two sport-specific measures of competitive orientation, the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ; Gill & Deeter, 1988) and the Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI; Veasley, 1986), and an alternative 4-item version of the COI. Male and female athletes and nonathletes at two small colleges completed questionnaire packets. Competitive-orientation scores were similar to those reported in previous research. The 4-item measure correlated with the COI, and neither of those measures correlated with the SOQ. As in previous studies, males scored higher than females on SOQ competitiveness and win orientation, and athletes scored higher than nonathletes on all SOQ scores. Our results suggest …

The Relationships Among Competitive Orientation, Sport-Confidence, Self-Efficacy, Anxiety, And Performance, Jeffrey J. Martin, Diane L. Gill

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

We examined the relationships among trait and state psychological variables and performance in male high school distance runners using the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ; Gill & Deeter, 1988), the Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI; Vealey, 1986), the Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI; Vealey, 1986), the State Sport-Confidence Inventory (SSCI; Vealey, 1986), the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2; Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump & Smith, 1990), and separate self-efficacy scales for performance (time) and outcome (place). As hypothesized, trait sport-confidence predicted state sport-confidence and outcome self-efficacy. However, competitive orientation did not contribute to the prediction of state measures. State sport-confidence and self-efficacy predicted performance, …

Selected Works By Alfred Mcclung Lee And Elizabeth Briant Lee, Jan M. Fritz

Clinical Sociology Review

No abstract provided.

Socio-Legal Defenitions Of Family, Jean H. Thoresen

Clinical Sociology Review

Recent decisions in family law cases suggest that some courts are ready to broaden the judicial definition of "family," and to create or accept a definition that extends the traditional notion of what constitutes a "family." This provides sociologists with an opportunity to work within or coordinate with the legal system in redefining "family" to provide a more inclusive concept which courts could then apply.

Obesity And Nutritional Sociology: A Model For Coping With The Stigma Of Obesity, Jeffery Sobal

Clinical Sociology Review

Nutritional sociology uses sociological theories and methods to study and influence food patterns, eating habits, and nutrition. Obesity and weight loss are important topics in nutritional sociology, and stigmatization of the obese is a long-standing interest. Most past sociological work has only described stigmatization, rather than developing ways to facilitate coping with it. A model for coping with the stigma of obesity is presented here. The model includes four components: Recognition, Readiness, Reaction, and Repair. Recognition involves awareness of the stigma of obesity and understanding about stigmatization. Readiness involves anticipation that stigmatization may occur in specific settings or by some …

Developing New Models Of Service Delivery To Aged Abuse Victims: Does It Matter?, Mary C. Sengstock, Melanie Hwalek, Carolyn Stahl

Sociology Faculty Research Publications

The political pressures imposed on social agencies often require the introduction of alternative models of service delivery. There is some question, however, as to the effectiveness of such theoretical models. Do they play an important role in determining the types of services provided, their effectiveness, or the manner in which the agencies provide the services? Or do agencies provide relatively similar services, regardless of the model? This paper provides an analysis of the services provided to elderly victims of abuse under two different theoretical models: a legal model (with two variations), and a model of intensive service delivery. The programs …

1991 Needs Assessment Of The Arab And Chaldean 60 And Over Population In The State Of Michigan, Mary C. Sengstock, Mary Lindeman

Sociology Faculty Research Publications

This study is the result of a recognition of the sizeable representation of persons from Arabic-speaking nations who reside in the State of Michigan, most of them in the Detroit Metropolitan Area. The study replicates the Needs Assessment Survey of the Over 60 population which was conducted in 1985, and represents the third in a series of studies, each designed to focus on a specific ethnic subgroup of the Michigan population. Hispanic elders were studied in 1987, followed by Native American elders in 1989, and the present study of Arab and Chaldean elders in 1991.

The Emergence Of American Clinical Sociology: The First Courses, Jan M. Fritz

Clinical Sociology Review

This article describes the first clinical sociology courses at the University of Chicago, Tulane University, New York University and Antioch College as well as the proposal for a clinical sociology department at Yale University. The author discusses why the earliest clinical sociology courses didn't become institutionalized in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

Lifetimes In Humanist Sociology, Elizabeth Briant Lee, Alfred Mcclung Lee

Clinical Sociology Review

Elizabeth Briant Lee and Alfred McClung Lee describe their family backgrounds, their dedication to humane values and their interest in alleviating social problems. The authors discuss the humanistic social science organizations they founded which were a reflection of their values.

Personality Disorders Or Role Negotiation Problems?, Melvyn L. Fein

Clinical Sociology Review

Many of the "personality disorders" defined by the DSM-III and DSM-III-R are really "role negotiation problems." Without fair, problem-solving oriented negotiations, people find it difficult to construct satisfying ways of life. This, for example, is true of passive-aggressive and histrionic strategies, and, if not recognized as such, interferes with effective clinical interventions.

Clinical Sociology And Religion, C. Margaret Hall

Clinical Sociology Review

Although religious concerns are generally not clients' primary presenting problems in secular therapists' practices, religious beliefs and values can have a strong influence on clients' behavior and clinical progress. For this reason, knowledge about religion and its impact can be useful in intervention work.

Three case studies illustrate how sociology of religion can be a substantive resource in clinical sociology and sociological practice. In this paper, religion is defined as a belief system of denominational, sectarian or secular values which explains natural and supernatural phenomena.

As the concept of a supreme being is central in most Western belief systems, the …

Constructive Conflict Intervention In South Africa: Some Lessons, Hendrik W. Van Der Merwe, Andries Odendaal

Clinical Sociology Review

Historically, South Africa has lacked a culture of trust in negotiation as a conflict accommodation mechanism. During the security clampdown of the P. W. Botha era in the 1980s and subsequent polarization, concepts such as negotiation and mediation were viewed with suspicion in various quarters. However, paradoxically, the labour legislation introduced in 1979 promoted black empowerment, which was to lead to improved prospects of meaningful negotiation and the acceptability of mediation in resolving labour disputes. Concurrently, the township turbulence of the mid-1980s also led to local-level negotiations between blacks and whites. It was found at the national political level that, …

The Sociological Practitioner In Organizational Health Promotion Programming, Linda R. Weber

Clinical Sociology Review

In this paper, the roles of the sociological practitioner will be investigated as they apply to the rapidly growing field of organizational health promotion. Health promotion programs include a combination of educational, organizational, and environmental activities designed to support health-conducive behavior within the work setting. Such programs usually include weight reduction programs, aerobic exercise classes, blood pressure monitoring and so on. Theoretically, the ideas of Mead and Becker are investigated as one approach to the understanding of health behaviors. Methodologically, the utilization of needs assessment and evaluation tools provide integral information for the development of a program specifically tailored to …

Developing New Models Of Service Delivery To Aged Abuse Victims: Does It Matter?, Mary C. Sengstock, Melanie Hwalek, Carolyn Stahl

Clinical Sociology Review

The political pressures imposed on social agencies often require the introduction of alternative models of service delivery. There is some question, however, as to the effectiveness of such theoretical models. Do they play an important role in determining the types of services provided, their effectiveness, or the manner in which the agencies provide the services? Or do agencies provide relatively similar services, regardless of the model? This paper provides an analysis of the services provided to elderly victims of abuse under two different theoretical models: a legal model (with two variations), and a model of intensive service delivery. The programs …

Explaining Delinquent Behavior Among Adolescent Girls: Internal Social Control And Differential Association, Linda P. Rouse, Raymond A. Eve

Clinical Sociology Review

Questionnaires were completed by ninety girls participating in a therapeutic wilderness program. Indexes were constructed of problems in school, sexual activities, drug and alcohol use, violent acts, major property offenses, minor property offenses, and miscellaneous misdemeanors. Measures of internal social control were of attachment to parents and to school, commitment to educational goals, involvement in homework, beliefs about drug use, and respect for the law. Differential association was measured by questions about friends' behaviors. The combined influence of internal social control as a barrier to deviance and differential association as a push toward deviance was examined. Theories used earlier to …

Résumés En Français, Csr Editors

Clinical Sociology Review

No abstract provided.

Combining Sociology With Epidemiology: Community-Oriented Primary Care In A Rural Mountain County, Thomas Plaut, Suzanne Landis, June Trevor

Clinical Sociology Review

Community-Oriented Primary Care (COPC) focuses attention on the community as "patient" and involves its residents in a process of discernment of health needs and consequent action. COPC's emphasis on community involvement provides an opportunity for the sociologist to create the tools for resident participation in health needs assessment and subsequent interventions. This paper describes sociology's role in a rural Appalachian county COPC program funded by the W. K. Kellogg Foundation. Some 41 focus group interviews were employed to reach more than 416 residents. Interview results were combined with epidemiological and census data and fed back to a 27-member Community Advisory …