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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Simon Effect As A Function Of Temporal Overlap Between Relevant And Irrelevant, Leslie Ann Drummond
The Simon Effect As A Function Of Temporal Overlap Between Relevant And Irrelevant, Leslie Ann Drummond
All Volumes (2001-2008)
The Simon effect refers to an advantage in performance in a reaction time task when stimulus location corresponds to that of its response location even though the location of the stimulus is irrelevant. For example, if red or green color squares are presented randomly to the left or the right side, participants might be instructed to make a left response for the red square and right response for the green square. Reaction time is faster when the red square is presented on the left rather than on the right, and vice versa for the green square.
Gender Influence On Perceptions Of Healthy And Unhealthy Lifestyles, Tracy Budesa, Erin Egnor, Lauren Howell
Gender Influence On Perceptions Of Healthy And Unhealthy Lifestyles, Tracy Budesa, Erin Egnor, Lauren Howell
All Volumes (2001-2008)
The purpose of this study was to determine if a gender bias exists in perceptions of a healthy vs. unhealthy lifestyle. The study was a 2 (male or female) x 2 (healthy or unhealthy) between subjects factorial design. College students (N = 53) read a scenario describing a lifestyle of a stimulus person. The participants then answered a 16-item questionnaire. The hypothesis that there is a gender difference in perceptions of a healthy lifestyle was not strongly supported. There was a strong main effect for the type of lifestyle with participants viewing the healthy lifestyle more positively. The hypothesis that …
Relations Between Preschool Children’S Planning Ability, Self-Regulation And Early Literacy Skills, Adam Less
Relations Between Preschool Children’S Planning Ability, Self-Regulation And Early Literacy Skills, Adam Less
All Volumes (2001-2008)
Thirty preschool children (18 boys, mean age = 54 months, SD = 6.82, range = 39 to 67 months) were recruited from a local University preschool center. Experimenters visited the preschool on one occasion and administered planning and inhibitory control tasks. Teachers’ reported on children’s temperament and data regarding early literacy skills. Consistent with expectations, teacher-rated attention focusing and inhibitory control were associated with better observed inhibitory control. Results unexpectedly showed that higher observed inhibitory control and lower teacher-rated anger/frustration, sadness, high intensity pleasure, and impulsivity, and higher teacher-rated inhibitory control and soothability were associated with a greater number of …
The Effect Of Collective Bargaining On The Use Of Innovative Police Policy, Kyle Christopher Veatch
The Effect Of Collective Bargaining On The Use Of Innovative Police Policy, Kyle Christopher Veatch
All Volumes (2001-2008)
While there have been numerous studies examining certain aspects of the effects of collective bargaining, there have yet to be any empirical studies on the effects of collective bargaining on the use of police policy. This study looks to address this issue by examining the impact of collective bargaining on the use of three currently innovative police policies: early warning systems, civilian review boards, and the use of in-car cameras. Using data from the 2003 Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics (LEMAS) survey, we look at municipal agencies with over 100 officers. Using bi-variate analyses we compare each of the …
Attributions And Cognitive Closure: Stereotypes Of Perpetrators And Victims Of Child Sexual Abuse, Dawn O’Connor
Attributions And Cognitive Closure: Stereotypes Of Perpetrators And Victims Of Child Sexual Abuse, Dawn O’Connor
All Volumes (2001-2008)
Compared to low need for cognitive closure individuals, high need for cognitive closure individuals were expected to make the weakest causal and responsibility attributions about sexual abuse in dyads consisting of female adults and male adolescents compared to other dyads. To assess need for cognitive closure, 129 participants responded to 42 items on the Need for Cognitive Closure Scale utilizing a 5-point Likert scale. To assess attributions of perpetrator and victim dyads, these same participants responded to 12 items on an altered Relationship Attribution Measure utilizing a 5-point Likert scale. These hypotheses were only partially supported. Limitations of this study …
Running Scared Of Scada: An Analysis Of The Vulnerabilities Of America’S Infrastructure To A Cyber Attack, Ryan Tesnow
Running Scared Of Scada: An Analysis Of The Vulnerabilities Of America’S Infrastructure To A Cyber Attack, Ryan Tesnow
All Volumes (2001-2008)
Cyber terrorism is the new ever evolving enemy of our future. Its impact on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, which function within all America’s physical and cyber infrastructure, is so complex and perilous critical action must be taken. Over 75% of the world’s oil and gas pipelines are monitored and controlled by SCADA systems (Lewis 229). Factor in that almost 78% of internet attacks are traced overseas we must be aware of the 1.2 billion internet users worldwide (Verton). With over 5,000 airports, 3,000 government facilities, 104 commercial nuclear power plants, 5, 800 hospitals, 8,000 dams, and over …
Structure On Attitude Polarization, Ryan Gladding
Structure On Attitude Polarization, Ryan Gladding
All Volumes (2001-2008)
People hold attitudes about a wide range of issues. People hold attitudes about issues ranging from toothpaste brands to foreign policies. One issue, for example, that has recently become salient in both the United States and Europe is illegal immigration. Consider two people sitting around discussing current affairs. One person mentions illegal immigration. The other person states that immigration is becoming a problem, but there are other things the government should worry about first. After a few minutes of thought, the gentleman that stated the government should worry about other things first blurts out that illegal immigration will be the …
Individual Differences In Perception Of People: Attitude Change In Personality, Brandon Robert Brace
Individual Differences In Perception Of People: Attitude Change In Personality, Brandon Robert Brace
All Volumes (2001-2008)
It was hypothesized that (1) people’s attitudes will polarize more and have greater belief consistency with an increased amount of time for thought than with less amount of time for thought, (2) people’s attitudes will polarize more and have greater belief consistency when instructed to think about individuals rather than groups and given a high opportunity for thought, and (3) people’s attitudes will polarize more and have greater belief consistency when instructed to think about individuals rather than groups, are given a high opportunity for thought if those people have a low personal fear of invalidity rather than having a …