Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Review Of Iggy Roca (Ed.) (1997) Derivations And Constraints In Phonology, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Distinctive Features, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Faithfulness And Identity In Prosodic Morphology, John J. Mccarthy, Alan Prince

John J. McCarthy

This article is largely based on the more extensive study McCarthy & Prince (1995), but includes significant further analysis of the typology of reduplication-phonology interactions and new discussion of the connection between base-reduplicant identity and Generalized Template Theory (McCarthy & Prince 1994), which eliminates the template as a unitary linguistic object.

Base-reduplicant Identity is accomplished through the same formal types of constraints as input-output Faithfulness, via the theory of correspondence (McCarthy & Prince 1994, 1995), which provides a general means of regulating similarity between linguistic representations. Phenomena described as over- and under-application, where base-reduplicant identity effects come in conflict with …

Reduplication With Fixed Segmentism, John J. Mccarthy, John Alderete, Jill Beckman, Laura Benua, Amalia Gnanadesikan, Suzanne Urbanczyk

John J. McCarthy

Fixed segmentism is the phenomenon whereby a reduplicative morpheme contains segments that are invariant rather than copied. We investigate it within Optimality Theory, arguing that it falls into two distinct types, phonological and morphological. Phonological fixed segmentism is analyzed under the OT rubric of emergence of the unmarked. It therefore has significant connections to markedness theory, sharing properties with other domains where markedness is relevant and showing context-dependence. In contrast, morphological fixed segmentism is a kind of affixation, and so it resembles affixing morphology generally. The two types are contrasted, and claims about impossible patterns of fixed segmentism are developed.

Sympathy And Phonological Opacity, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

This paper explores the nature of phonological opacity (in the sense of Kiparsky 1971, 1973) within Optimality Theory. Previous attempts to address opacity in OT are discussed and a novel proposal, an inter-candidate faithfulness relation called 'sympathy', is offered. Specific applications of sympathy are presented and some general results are derived about counter-bleeding, counter-feeding, multi-process, and Duke-of-York opaque interactions.

Basque Language Revival And Popular Culture, Jacqueline Urla

Jacqueline L. Urla

This essay argues for the value of examining popular culture as a productive site for the expression of language play and humor in minority language communities. A study of the Basque language comic, Napartheid provides material for studying language mixing and parodic language play that challenge language domination.

Petrie's Head: Eugenics And Near Eastern Archaeology, Neil A. Silberman

Neil A. Silberman

No abstract provided.

The Ecological Transformation Of A Resettled Area, Pig Herders To Settled Farmers In Central Serbia (Sumadija, Yugoslavia) During The 19th And 20th Centuries, Joel Halpern

Joel M. Halpern

A vegetarian has a difficult time finding a suitable restaurant in Serbia — the featured dishes are meat, potatoes with varieties of pork a favorite as in the grilled skewer of meat known as raznjici, the pork equivalent of shiskebab. Some of the folk restaurants now feature corn bread, proja, formerly a basic of the peasant diet and now a romantic speciality. These dietary patterns represent a cycling of time, a link to past patterns of livestock raising — of the herding of pigs in forests. A tourist travelling

Citizens Or Consumers?: Environmentalism And The Public Sphere In Postsocialist Hungary, Krista Harper

Krista M. Harper

Much of the most vital activism of the post-1989 environmental movement in Hungary addresses the development of consumer culture and the expansion of transnational corporations in East-Central Europe. In actions against McDonald's conquest of the urban landscape and the ubiquitous presence of advertisements for transnational corporations, activists contrast cherished notions of decentralization and local control with the emergence of an imperialistic, global consumer culture. These issues came to the forefront of environmental debates while I was living in Hungary from 1995 to 1997, conducting ethnographic research on environmental groups. This paper will present several cases of Hungarian activism against well-known …

What Has Happened To The U.S. Labor Movement? Union Decline And Renewal, Dan Clawson, Mary Ann Clawson

Dan Clawson

For many years, US trade unions declined in union density, organizing capacity, level of strike activity, and political effectiveness. Labor’s decline is variously attributed to demographic factors, inaction by unions themselves, the state and legal system, globalization, neoliberalism, and the employer offensive that ended a labor-capital accord. The AFL-CIO New Voice leadership elected in 1995, headed by John Sweeney, seeks to reverse these trends and transform the labor movement. Innovative organizing, emphasizing the use of rank-and-file intensive tactics, substantially increases union success; variants include union building, immigrant organizing, feminist approaches, and industry-wide non-National Labor Relations Board (or nonboard) organizing. The …

Androstenedione Effects On The Vasopressin Innervation Of The Rat Brain, Geert De Vries, C. Villalba, C. L. Auger

Geert De Vries

The steroid hormone androstenedione profoundly influences the development and expression of sexual and aggressive behavior. The neural basis of these effects are, however, poorly understood. In this study we evaluated androstenedione's ability to maintain vasopressin peptide levels in the gonadal steroid-responsive vasopressin cells of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the centromedial amygdala, and their projections. Adult male rats were castrated and given testosterone, androstenedione or no hormonal treatment for five weeks. Their brains were then processed for vasopressin immunoreactivity. Androstenedione and testosterone treatment were equally effective in preventing the reduction of vasopressin immunoreactivity associated with castration. Androstenedione …