Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Survey Instruments For A Cost Study Of Haccp In The Seafood Industry, Julie Caswell

Julie Caswell

The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points approach to assuring food safety was first mandated in the United States in 1995 for the seafood industry, with full implementation to take place by December, 1997. The Survey Instruments included in this Working Paper were developed as part of a cost analysis of the adoption of HACCP in the Seafood Industry. The purpose of the Survey was to quantify the change in costs that average seafood companies experienced during the first year of HACCP adoption.

Social Capital: Its Relationship To Innovation In Science And Technology, Jane E. Fountain

Jane E. Fountain

This paper argues that social capital is a necessary, although not sufficient, enabler of effective public-private partnerships and of a new, more collaborative style of innovation policy, although its significance for science and technology policy, has yet to be assimilated by most policy-makers. The network structure of the biotechnology industry in the United States and the regional-based industrial system in Silicon Valley, California are used to show how social capital affects innovation in science and technology. Two US national policy programs - the Advanced Technology Program and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership - make evident the growing importance of network development. …

Cosmic Advice For The Young Planner, John Mullin, Robert Mitchell

John R. Mullin

Last fall, two of New England's oldest planners were sitting on the top of Mount Monadnock when they were approached by a group of graduate students. After a brief spell of friendly conversation, several students asked the wise ones for sage advice on the pitfalls of local planning. With a glint in their eyes and a sense of puckish humor they started to outline forty ways in which a newly minted planner could short circuit his/her career. And so, in what they hope will be taken with a great grain of salt, they listed the following.

Mill Town Roots, John Mullin

John R. Mullin

The end of the 20th century is a good time to check on the progress of the towns where the U.S. industrial revolution began.

One For The Crows, One For The Crackers: The Strange Career Of Public Higher Education In Houston, Texas, Amilcar Shabazz

Amilcar Shabazz

The dynamics of how the dual system of higher education in Jim Crow America emerged and operated is explored in this article in the context of the largest city in the 20th century U.S. South: Houston, Texas. The history herein moves from a pragmatic response to a deep need for postsecondary educational opportunity in the 1920s to a major expansion in the 1940s in the face of the lawsuit of Heman Sweatt to the 1960s after state-mandated segregation is officially ended.

How Labeling Of Safety And Process Attributes Affects Markets For Food, Julie Caswell

Julie Caswell

Consumers are increasingly considering information on the safety and process (how foods are produced) attributes of food in making their buying decisions, Producers, processors, and retailers may choose voluntary labeling of these attributes, may be required to label by government regulations, or may use a combination of these approaches, The market effects depend on consumer perceptions of the attributes, the benefits and costs of labeling for companies, and the goals of government policy, These effects are illustrated through a discussion of labeling of foods that are produced with the use of biotechnology (genetically modified organisms) or that are organically grown.

Review Of Alan S. Kaye, Ed. (1997) Phonologies Of Asia And Africa: (Including The Caucasus), John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Morpheme Structure Constraints And Paradigm Occultation, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

The morpheme structure constraints of classic generative phonology impose language-particular restrictions on underlying representations. It has long been known that MSCís often duplicate the functions of rules or output constraints, and so Stampe, Prince & Smolensky, and others have proposed to eliminate them. In OT, the descriptive effects of MSC’s are obtained from rankings that compel neutralization of potential underlying distinctions. One input is said to occult the other when both map onto a common output.

This paper has focused on MSC’s that prevent alternations within a paradigm. Absence of alternation is an effect of high-ranking output-output faithfulness constraints which …

Prosodic Morphology, John J. Mccarthy, Alan Prince

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Alignment And Parallelism In Indonesian Phonology, John J. Mccarthy, Abigail Cohn

John J. McCarthy

In this paper, we present a complete account of word stress in Indonesian and the ways in which it interacts with affixation, limitations on root structure, PrWd juncture, syllabification, and reduplication, developing and extending the ideas and empirical material in Cohn (1989). Phenomena that had formerly been analyzed in terms of the phonology/morphology mapping, the cycle, (non-)iterative foot assignment, and morpheme-structure constraints are all subsumed under Generalized Alignment.

Parallelism leads to examination of Alignment-based alternatives to the cycle, in which the influence of morphology on prosodic structure is direct. Furthermore, several conditions are discussed where only a parallel analysis will …

Comparative Levels Of Food Safety Regulations In Three U.S.-Asian Trading Groups, Yuan Wang, Julie Caswell

Julie Caswell

U.S.-Asian trade currently represents about 35% of the total value of U.S. agricultural and food trade. Country-by-country comparisons show significant differences in level of food safety regulations in the U.S., Japan, newly industrialized countries in Asia, and Asian developing countries. These disparities result in significantly different import requirements that may impede trade in agricultural and food products.

The Sea Peoples, The Victorians, And Us, Neil A. Silberman

Neil A. Silberman

No abstract provided.

The Potential For Planning An Industrial Cluster In Barre, Vermont: A Case Of 'Hard-Rock' Resistance In The Granite Industry, John R. Mullin, Zenia Kotval

John R. Mullin

Throughout the world, there has been considerable interest among economic planners concerning the creation of industrial clusters. Efforts to stimulate, nurture and reinforce such clusters can be found in virtually all of the European nations, as well as in Japan, Korea, China and others. These efforts range from reinforcing the strengths of promising areas to stimulating the creation of totally new technologies. The identification of such clustering opportunities has become a critical element of national, state, regional and local planning activities. While there are many researchers who have focused on this topic, the Harvard Business School's Michael Porter has,arguably, been …

The Economic Impact Of Housing In Massachusetts, John Mullin, Zenia Kotval

John R. Mullin

Home building generates substantial local economic activity, including income, jobs, and revenue for state and local governments. These far exceed the school costs-to-property-tax ratios. Furthermore, balanced growth, the availability of homes that match the character of the jobs, plays a significant role in attracting sustainable economic development.

The Constitution Of Interests: Institutionalism, Critical Legal Studies And New Approaches To Sociolegal Scholarship, John Brigham

John Brigham

No abstract provided.

Wage Formation And The (Non-)Existence Of The Nairu, Peter Skott

Peter Skott

The influence of NAIRU theory on economic policy is both puzzling and unfortunate, especially in a European context. This paper shows that standard rationality assumptions and objective functions may fail to generate a well-defined NAIRU in a unionized economy. It then presents two simple models with endogenous wage aspirations. One version of the model produces a unique long-run NAIRU while the other implies the presence of aspiration-induced hysteresis in the employment rate. The hysteretic version seems preferable on theoretical grounds and - at a stylized level - this version also fits the empirical evidence better than the non-hysteretic version. The …

Potential Role Of Maternal Progesterone In The Sexual Differentiation Of The Brain, Geert De Vries, C. K. Wagner, A. Y. Nakayama

Geert De Vries

In rats, fetal testosterone directs sexual differentiation of the brain. However, fetuses are also exposed to maternal progesterone. Here we report that progestin receptor immunoreactivity in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of fetal and neonatal rats is high in males but virtually absent in females. The MPN is one of the most sexually dimorphic structures in the rat brain and mediates several sexually differentiated behaviors. This suggests that progesterone may play a previously overlooked role in the development of sex differences in the brain and behavior. Henceforth, a novel function of the mother in the sexual differentiation of the CNS …