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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Evaluating Quality Improvement To Improve Hiv Reporting, Nandi A. Marshall, William C. Livingood, Angela Peden, Gulzar H. Shah, Russ Toal, Dayna Alexander, Alesha Wright, Sandra Jump, Shelby Freeman, Kay Davis, Lynn Woodhouse, Kellie Penix
Evaluating Quality Improvement To Improve Hiv Reporting, Nandi A. Marshall, William C. Livingood, Angela Peden, Gulzar H. Shah, Russ Toal, Dayna Alexander, Alesha Wright, Sandra Jump, Shelby Freeman, Kay Davis, Lynn Woodhouse, Kellie Penix
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
The incorporation and evaluation of Quality Improvement into Georgia’s public health systems continues to be a focus of the Georgia Public Health Practice Based Research Network. This report describes the process, preliminary results and lessons learned from incorporating Quality Improvement into one of Georgia’s public health districts.
Evidence Use In New York City Public Health Policymaking, Miriam J. Laugesen, Kimberley R. Isett
Evidence Use In New York City Public Health Policymaking, Miriam J. Laugesen, Kimberley R. Isett
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
New York City Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg has attracted national attention for his public health policy reforms. The policy process behind the reform program has received less scrutiny, especially the use of research by policymakers. We show that the process used to develop, promote, and evaluate polices is heavily based on five types of data and research. New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene staff conducted in-depth appraisals of existing published research, used local health surveys and private laboratory surveillance data, engaged in “shoe-leather” field research, formed research collaborations within and outside government, and disseminated research to legitimize policy …
Commentary: Moving Beyond The Numbers, Effectively Using Research To Influence Policy, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Marylou Wallace
Commentary: Moving Beyond The Numbers, Effectively Using Research To Influence Policy, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Marylou Wallace
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
This seventh issue of Frontiers reflects the variety of PHSSR. One emerging theme, however, is the notion of public health and its role in policy and policy development. PHSSR focuses on several potential users, researchers, practitioners and policy makers. As it concerns policy makers, PHSSR delivers research that allows them to make decisions about policy change that not only influences public health status, but creates healthy conditions. In this way, PHSSR essentially influences decisions about support for public health services.
Preliminary Findings From An Interventional Study Using Network Analysis To Support Management In Local Health Departments In Florida, Chin S. Park, Hado Byon, Jonathan W. Keeling, Leslie M. Beitsch, Jacqueline A. Merrill
Preliminary Findings From An Interventional Study Using Network Analysis To Support Management In Local Health Departments In Florida, Chin S. Park, Hado Byon, Jonathan W. Keeling, Leslie M. Beitsch, Jacqueline A. Merrill
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Management is the core service that integrates and coordinates essential public health services. Managers of local health departments (LHDs) are experts in practice but may not have expertise in organizational management. We conducted an evidence-based training intervention in 10 LHDs in Florida to support managers’ decision-making on organizational integration and coordination. We deployed a standard survey to collect organizational network measurements pre and post intervention. We presented results as evidence-based performance feedback and interviewed managers to document how they used the results in the context of each organization. Post intervention we found unexpected, significantly higher network centralization in daily work. …
Characteristics Of A Local Health Department Associated With The Use Of The Health Equity Index, Moira A. Lawson, Sharon Mierzwa, Michael Knapp
Characteristics Of A Local Health Department Associated With The Use Of The Health Equity Index, Moira A. Lawson, Sharon Mierzwa, Michael Knapp
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Local health departments are tasked with understanding and addressing health inequities in the populations they serve. To meaningfully address health inequities, local health departments have identified the need for credible local data to better understand the relationship between community conditions and health outcomes. Yet, when given access to these data, we observe a very large variation in the level of interest between local health departments.
In this study, we offered Connecticut’s Local health departments access to the Health Equity Index, a web based tool that provides data on health outcomes and community conditions at the state, municipal or neighborhood levels. …
Evaluating Use Of Custom Survey Reports By Local Health Departments, Nadya M. Belenky, Christine A. Bevc, Elizabeth Mahanna, Carol Gunther-Mohr, Mary V. Davis
Evaluating Use Of Custom Survey Reports By Local Health Departments, Nadya M. Belenky, Christine A. Bevc, Elizabeth Mahanna, Carol Gunther-Mohr, Mary V. Davis
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
This report demonstrates how providing survey feedback, like comparative reports, to survey respondents can result in improvement activities. For each of the past three years (2010-2013), the North Carolina Institute for Public Health (NCIPH) has invited local health departments (LHDs) from 40 states to participate in a preparedness capacities survey. In addition, NCIPH fielded a six-question evaluation survey to a subset of LHDs (n=70) to determine how LHDs use these reports. LHDs that reported using their custom reports compared their preparedness capacities to other LHDs, conducted strategic planning (e.g., benchmarking, setting preparedness goals), planned staff trainings, and disseminated the report …
The Relationship Between Quality Improvement And Health Information Technology Use In Local Health Departments, Kendra Johnson, Kim K. Nguyen, Shimin Zheng, Robin P. Pendley
The Relationship Between Quality Improvement And Health Information Technology Use In Local Health Departments, Kendra Johnson, Kim K. Nguyen, Shimin Zheng, Robin P. Pendley
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
This research examined if there is a relationship between engagement in quality improvement (QI) and health information technology (HIT) for local health departments (LHDs) controlling for workforce, finance, population, and governance structure. This was a cross-sectional study that analyzed data obtained from the Core questions and Module 1 in the NACCHO 2010 Profile of LHDs. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Findings suggest that LHD engagement in QI has a relationship with utilization of HIT including electronic health records, practice management systems, and electronic syndromic surveillance systems. This study provides baseline information about the HIT use …
Commentary: The Road To Quality In Public Health, A Long But Important Journey, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Glen Mays, Marylou Wallace
Commentary: The Road To Quality In Public Health, A Long But Important Journey, F. Douglas Scutchfield, Glen Mays, Marylou Wallace
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Quality improvement (QI) in public health departments is a focus in this sixth issue of Frontiers. Data is important to the development of quality improvement efforts. As we see growth of and meaningful use of electronic health records, the health department is in a position to take the lead as a data hub and to use this information wisely to both improve their QI efforts and link that QI to outcomes.
Problems By The Bushel: How American Agricultural Policy Undermines Haitian Development, Curtis Rogers
Problems By The Bushel: How American Agricultural Policy Undermines Haitian Development, Curtis Rogers
Ex-Patt Magazine
In what has become a ubiquitous debate over the budget, the U.S. Farm Bill plays an instrumental role. Within the bill are two topics crucial to the future of American relations with the developing world: subsidies to farmers and food aid.
Combating Pollution: Offshore Drilling & Regional Sea Regimes, Jessica Kyle
Combating Pollution: Offshore Drilling & Regional Sea Regimes, Jessica Kyle
Ex-Patt Magazine
No abstract provided.
Brazil’S Inverno Inferno: The Growing Pains Of A Rising Giant, Josh Smith
Brazil’S Inverno Inferno: The Growing Pains Of A Rising Giant, Josh Smith
Ex-Patt Magazine
As this emerging international actor readies itself for its grand appearance on the world stage, working-class citizens have seized the opportunity to voice their frustrations while global eyes are steadily turning towards the giant.
The Cia’S Past And Future, James Bohland
The Cia’S Past And Future, James Bohland
Ex-Patt Magazine
As the 100th birthday of Sherman Kent, the “father of Intelligence Analysis” approaches, Ex-Patt looks at the CIA and its direction.
Nor Any Drop To Drink: Global Water Security Is Key To U.S. Long-Term Security, Cori W. Curtis
Nor Any Drop To Drink: Global Water Security Is Key To U.S. Long-Term Security, Cori W. Curtis
Ex-Patt Magazine
No abstract provided.
Rational Russia: Decision-Making In A Declining Superpower, J. Haley Tucker
Rational Russia: Decision-Making In A Declining Superpower, J. Haley Tucker
Ex-Patt Magazine
Russia’s 2008 invasion of Georgia demonstrates that Putin’s state still behaves rationally.
Letter From The Editor, William G. Stroupe Ii
Need A Push? Restoring Eu Influence In The Balkans, Cassidy Henry
Need A Push? Restoring Eu Influence In The Balkans, Cassidy Henry
Ex-Patt Magazine
The credibility of the European Union is declining in the Western Balkans. Candidate states see the date for accession negotiations fading further into the future and doubt whether they’ll ever be able to join.
All Is Fair In Democracy & War: Burgeoning Democracy In Sri Lanka?, Scooter Steiner
All Is Fair In Democracy & War: Burgeoning Democracy In Sri Lanka?, Scooter Steiner
Ex-Patt Magazine
Can the rebel opposition movement succeed politically after surrender?
Now Rising O’Er The Ganges: Vibrant Lives In Rural India, Lindsay Johnson
Now Rising O’Er The Ganges: Vibrant Lives In Rural India, Lindsay Johnson
Ex-Patt Magazine
All photographs were taken in and around Anupshahr, Uttar Pradesh, where Johnson lived for a year volunteering with Pardada Pardadi School. These photos were taken between 2009 and 2012.
Containment And The Shah: How Eisenhower And The Cia Brought Down Democracy And Encouraged Corrupt Leadership In Iran, Ellie Holliday
Containment And The Shah: How Eisenhower And The Cia Brought Down Democracy And Encouraged Corrupt Leadership In Iran, Ellie Holliday
Ex-Patt Magazine
U.S. relations with Iran are beginning to thaw. Why were they frozen to begin with?
Wide Open Spaces: The Pkk Shows Violent Non-State Actors Need More Than Weak Governance To Thrive, Katherine Holmes
Wide Open Spaces: The Pkk Shows Violent Non-State Actors Need More Than Weak Governance To Thrive, Katherine Holmes
Ex-Patt Magazine
The PKK in Turkey shows transnational, violent non-state actors operate in weak states for a number of reasons. The most prevalent of these is the host state’s inability to sustain the basic requirement of statehood.
The Swatch Runs Out: An End To 300 Years Of Swiss Banking Secrecy, Ethan Rutledge
The Swatch Runs Out: An End To 300 Years Of Swiss Banking Secrecy, Ethan Rutledge
Ex-Patt Magazine
No abstract provided.
Diffusion Of Innovation Across A National Local Health Department Network: A Simulation Approach To Policy Development Using Agent-Based Modeling, Mark Orr, Jacqueline Merrill
Diffusion Of Innovation Across A National Local Health Department Network: A Simulation Approach To Policy Development Using Agent-Based Modeling, Mark Orr, Jacqueline Merrill
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
The network that local health officials use to communicate about professional issues is sparsely connected, which may limit the spread of innovative practices. We used agent-based simulation modeling to find out if a policy to promote more connections improved the network’s capability to diffuse innovation. We found that unanticipated effects could result, depending on the requirements of the policy and the proportion of health officials involved. With carefully crafted assumptions and reliable data it is possible to untangle complex processes using simulation modeling. The results represent how the world might actually work which may provide useful decision support for policymakers …
Community Health Assessment By Local Health Departments: Presence Of Epidemiologist, Governance, And Federal And State Funds Are Critical, Gulzar H. Shah, Barbara Laymon, Julia Joh Elligers, Carolyn Leep, Christine B. Bhutta
Community Health Assessment By Local Health Departments: Presence Of Epidemiologist, Governance, And Federal And State Funds Are Critical, Gulzar H. Shah, Barbara Laymon, Julia Joh Elligers, Carolyn Leep, Christine B. Bhutta
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Using the data from the National Association of County and City Health Officials’ (NACCHO) 2010 Profile of Local Health Departments (LHDs) our study investigates whether or not infrastructural characteristics of LHDs were associated with completion of community health assessment (CHA). Our results show that local and shared LHD governance, greater share of revenue from federal and state sources, smaller population size in LHD jurisdiction, and having an epidemiologist significantly increased the odds of CHA completion in the past, after controlling for community characteristics and other independent variables. These findings have important implications for LHDs, PHAB and its partners.
From The Frontier: Translating Research To Practice…Qi As The Hinge Point, Paul C. Erwin
From The Frontier: Translating Research To Practice…Qi As The Hinge Point, Paul C. Erwin
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
This article is number three in the series From the Frontier: Translating Research to Practice. The narrative describes the work of a practice-academic network in Minnesota which explored the degree to which having a culture of quality at the local health department level influenced the capacity to implement a new statewide initiative. The network conducted a mixed-methods study of grantees funded to develop and implement local policy, systems, and environmental change strategies to promote nutrition, increase activity, and reduce tobacco use and exposure. The results of their study indicated that grantees with higher performance levels in Quality Improvement (QI) …
Addressing Health Inequalities In The United States: Key Data Trends And Policy Action, Sara N. Bleich, Marian P. Jarlenski, Caryn N. Bell, Thomas A. Laveist
Addressing Health Inequalities In The United States: Key Data Trends And Policy Action, Sara N. Bleich, Marian P. Jarlenski, Caryn N. Bell, Thomas A. Laveist
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Health inequalities, which have been well documented for decades, have recently become policy targets in the United States. This report summarizes current patterns and trends in health inequalities, commitments to reduce health inequalities, and progress made to eliminate health inequalities. Time trend data indicate improvements in health status and major risk factors but increases in morbidity, with black and lower-education individuals experiencing a disproportionate burden of disease. A common policy response has been priority setting in the form of national objectives or goals to address health inequalities. More research and better methods are needed to precisely measure relationships between stated …
Security Of The Nation: Why Do We Need ‘Mothers Of Martyrs’ In Turkey?, Esra Gedik
Security Of The Nation: Why Do We Need ‘Mothers Of Martyrs’ In Turkey?, Esra Gedik
disClosure: A Journal of Social Theory
No abstract provided.
Monitoring Qi Maturity Of Public Health Organizations And Systems In Minnesota: Promising Early Findings And Suggested Next Steps, Kimberly J. Miner Gearin, M. Elizabeth Gyllstrom, Brenda M. Joly, Renee S. Frauendienst, Julie Myhre, William Riley
Monitoring Qi Maturity Of Public Health Organizations And Systems In Minnesota: Promising Early Findings And Suggested Next Steps, Kimberly J. Miner Gearin, M. Elizabeth Gyllstrom, Brenda M. Joly, Renee S. Frauendienst, Julie Myhre, William Riley
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Public health departments and systems are increasing investments in quality improvement. This paper presents methods used to identify a select number of items from a previously validated QI Maturity Tool as the basis for calculating organizational and system-level QI maturity scores that could be followed over time. Findings suggest that the abbreviated tool measures variation in QI maturity across LHDs, and differences in scores among divisions within a state health department. Minnesota has incorporated the abbreviated tool into an annual reporting system for the MN Local Public Health Act, thereby enabling stakeholders to monitor a system median score and distribution …
Using The Qi Maturity Tool To Classify Agencies Along A Continuum, Brenda M. Joly, Maureen Booth, Prashant Mittal, Yan Zhang
Using The Qi Maturity Tool To Classify Agencies Along A Continuum, Brenda M. Joly, Maureen Booth, Prashant Mittal, Yan Zhang
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
Major investments have been made to encourage health departments to implement quality improvement (QI) efforts. Yet, there are few empirically tested tools for public health agencies that assess these efforts and classify health departments along a QI continuum. This paper presents a new classification scheme for measuring QI Maturity in public health agencies based on a validated tool. The findings can be used to establish benchmarks, make comparisons and conduct future research linking QI and population health outcomes.
Rediscovering The Core Of Public Health, Steven Teutsch, Jonathan E. Fielding
Rediscovering The Core Of Public Health, Steven Teutsch, Jonathan E. Fielding
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
The success of public health has been its ability to understand contemporary health problems, to communicate the needs successfully, to identify solutions, and to implement them through programs and policies. In the past 50 years, those successes can be attributed largely to control of infectious disease, improved maternal and child health, delivery of other personal health care services, and changes in behaviors, particularly smoking. Yet health is primarily a product of our social, cultural, and physical environments. To continue to improve the nation’s health and reduce disparities, public health needs to return to its historical roots and engage with other …
From The Frontier: Translating Research To Practice...A Story Of Economic Survival, Paul C. Erwin
From The Frontier: Translating Research To Practice...A Story Of Economic Survival, Paul C. Erwin
Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research
This article is number two in the series From the Frontier: Translating Research to Practice. The narrative describes the interactions between a local health department director and two academicians in addressing the impact of the 2008 financial crisis. In a first set of activities, practice-academic partners used Financial and Operational Ratio and Trend Analysis to identify periods of a negative total margin and the impact of that on the agency’s declining fund balance. The use of private sector processes of retrenchment, repositioning, and reorganization led to a financial turnaround for the agency. In a second set of activities, practice-academic …