Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Brooding Deficits In Memory: Focusing Attention Improves Subsequent Recall, Paula T. Hertel, Amanda A. Benbow, E. Geraerts

Psychology Faculty Research

Ruminative habits of thought about one’s problems and the resulting consequences are correlated with symptoms of depression and cognitive biases (Nolen-Hoeksema, Wisco, & Lyubomirsky, 2008). In our orienting task, brooders and nonbrooders concentrated on self-focusing phrases while they were also exposed to neutral target words. On each trial in the unfocused condition, participants saw and then reported the target before concentrating on the phrase; in the focused condition, the target was reported after phrase concentration. A brooding-related deficit on a subsequent unexpected test of free and forced recall was obtained in the unfocused condition only. Brooders recalled more successfully in …

Media Use And Postmaterialist Values In China And The Us: A Comparative Study, Zhaoxi Liu

Communication Faculty Research

This study uses data from the 2005 wave of World Values Survey (WVS 2005), to explore and compare the relations between media use and postmaterialist value orientations in China and the US. The data analysis showed that the younger generations in China have stronger postmaterialist value orientations than the older generations. American society has stronger postmaterialist value orientations than Chinese society as a whole, but fewer obvious generational differences. The study also found that media use has a greater effect on values in China than in the US.

Assessment Of Qep Course Revision And New Course Grants, Fall 2008- Spring 2012, Anne Jumonville, Information Literacy Committee (Trinity University)

Information Literacy Documents

The results of Trinity University’s Information Literacy New Course/Revised Course Grant program reveal much about the success of the QEP overall. Faculty members from across the university designed courses at all levels (FY through graduate) with information literacy learning outcomes. Between fall 2008 and spring 2012, 42 new courses and 74 revised courses received grants (116 grants total). Over 50 individual faculty members completed 1 course grant during this period, while 18 faculty completed 2 grants, 8 completed 3 grants, and 1 completed 4.

Cenotes As Conceptual Boundary Markers At The Ancient Maya Site Of T’Isil, Quintana Roo, México, Scott L. Fedick, Jennifer P. Mathews, K. Sorensen

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

Ancient Maya communities, from small village sites to urban centers, have long posed problems to archaeologists in attempting to define the boundaries or limits of settlement. These ancient communities tend to be relatively dispersed, with settlement densities dropping toward the periphery, but lacking any clear boundary. At a limited number of sites, the Maya constructed walled enclosures or earthworks, which scholars have generally interpreted as defensive projects, often hastily built to protect the central districts of larger administrative centers during times of warfare (e.g., Demarest et al. 1997; Inomata 1997; Kurjack and Andrews 1976; Puleston and Callender 1967; Webster 2000; …

El Proyecto Costa Escondida: Arqueología Y Compromiso Comunitario A Lo Largo De La Costa Norte De Quintana Roo, México / The Costa Escondida Project: Archaeology And Community Engagement Along Quintana Roo's North Coast, Mexico, Jeffrey B. Glover, Dominique Rissolo, Jennifer P. Mathews, C. A. Furman

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty Research

El Proyecto Costa Escondida iniciado en 2006 se diseñó para investigar las culturas marítimas previas y posteriores al contacto español, así como para estudiar el paisaje del norte de Quintana Roo, Península de Yucatán, México. Este proyecto no promueve una agenda de desarrollo “tradicional”, sino que se inserta en la crítica del desarrollo para ampliar los límites del compromiso comunitario a través del aprendizaje social. Al encontrarse lejos de los principales sitios turísticos de la costa del Caribe, el área cuenta con una industria de turismo en expansión asociada a la Isla Holbox. En este artículo se discuten las experiencias …

Islamophobia, Euro-Islam, Islamism And Post-Islamism: Changing Patterns Of Secularism In Europe, Peter O'Brien

Political Science Faculty Research

Modern secularism, as theorized by prominent liberal philosophers such as John Rawls and Jürgen Habermas, prescribes that the state should treat all religions equally on condition that they and their adherents relinquish their theocratic aspirations and recognize the political sovereignty and superiority of man-made law. Convinced that the secular bargain undermines the moral virtue of society and its members, a small, fragmented, but nevertheless conspicuous number of Islamists in Europe prefers to observe Islamic law in all walks of life, private and public. Alarmed by Islamists and informed by Orientalist readings of Islam, an increasingly vehement and vociferous contingent of …

Genetic Contributions To The Midsagittal Area Of The Corpus Callosum, Kimberley A. Phillips, J. Rogers, E. A. Barrett, D. C. Glahn, P. Kochunov

Psychology Faculty Research

The degree to which genes and environment determine variations in brain structure and function is fundamentally important to understanding normal and disease-related patterns of neural organization and activity. We studied genetic contributions to the midsagittal area of the corpus callosum (CC) in pedigreed baboons (68 males, 112 females) to replicate findings of high genetic contribution to that area of the CC reported in humans, and to determine if the heritability of the CC midsagittal area in adults was modulated by fetal development rate. Measurements of callosal area were obtained from high-resolution MRI scans. Heritability was estimated from pedigree-based maximum likelihood …

Citation Creation Resources And Faculty/Student Preferences: A Report, Benjamin R. Harris, Anne Jumonville

Library Faculty Research

After reviewing the RefWorks bibliographic management software’s usage statistics in comparison to its cost, and after considering the impact of difficulties with generating accurate RefWorks bibliographies in the MLA and APA styles, a number of librarians suggested that the collection of information on Trinity students’ resource preferences and citation behaviors would be valuable. A brief survey was devised (a) to determine whether or not students and faculty continue to use RefWorks and (b) to collect information about additional resources that students and faculty may use as part of their “bibliographic behaviors.”

Increasing The Youth Vote: Communication Strategies For Nonprofits, Whitney Richards

Communication Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Honor Bound: The Casual Transmedia Game A Case Study Of A New Game Design Framework, Laura Schluckebier

Communication Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Fan Self-Identity In The Doctor Who Universe, Lyndsey Johnson

Communication Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Film For The Web, Rachel E. Rodgers

Communication Honors Theses

No abstract provided.

Economies In Transition And In Development: A Possible Warning From Adam Smith, Maria Pia Paganelli

Economics Faculty Research

Adam Smith was concerned with the nature and causes of economic growth and development. One may therefore ask if it is possible to use his work, even if only as speculation, in order to gather useful insights about today’s developing or transitional economies. With all the due caveats, this paper asks: if Adam Smith were alive today, what would he say about transitioning and developing economies? Testing whether Adam Smith would be correct in his analysis, I leave to other work.

Topography Of The Chimpanzee Corpus Callosum, Kimberley A. Phillips, William D. Hopkins

Psychology Faculty Research

The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest commissural white matter tract in mammalian brains, connecting homotopic and heterotopic regions of the cerebral cortex. Knowledge of the distribution of callosal fibers projecting into specific cortical regions has important implications for understanding the evolution of lateralized structures and functions of the cerebral cortex. No comparisons of CC topography in humans and great apes have yet been conducted. We investigated the topography of the CC in 21 chimpanzees using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Tractography was conducted based on fiber assignment by continuous tracking (FACT) algorithm. We expected …

Age-Related Differences In Corpus Callosum Area Of Capuchin Monkeys, Kimberley A. Phillips, Chet C. Sherwood

Psychology Faculty Research

Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) are New World primates with relatively large brains for their body size. The developmental trajectories of several brain regions-including cortical white matter, frontal lobe white matter, and basal ganglia nuclei-are similar to humans. Additionally, capuchins have independently evolved several behavioral and anatomical characteristics in common with humans and chimpanzees-including complex manipulative abilities, use of tools, and the use of precision grips-making them interesting species for studies of comparative brain morphology and organization. Here, we report the first investigation into the development of the corpus callosum (CC) and its regional subdivisions in capuchins. CC development …

Encyclopedia Of Housing [Review], Michael J. Hughes

Library Faculty Research

No abstract provided.

Back From The Brink: Reconstructing An Organizational Social Media Presence, Alexandra Gallin-Parisi, Anne Jumonville, Amy Nicole Roberson

Library Faculty Research

Presentation given at EDUCAUSE West/Southwest Regional Conference 2012.

Topics: Assessing the Social Media Landscape, Strategies & Examples, Challenges & Opportunities, and Next Steps.

http://libguides.trinity.edu/socialmedia

A Kindle Dx Experiment And Follow-Up Survey On Student Reading And Note-Taking Habits, Amy Nicole Roberson

Library Faculty Research

In the past year, many schools explored the use of Amazon.com's Kindle DX for academic purposes. Grinnell College's pilot took place in a first-year seminar in Fall 2009 and relied heavily on collaboration between curricular technology specialists, librarians, and others on campus. Because opinions about the Kindle DX were mixed, the team developed a subsequent study to investigate student reading and note-taking habits. This presentation will focus on the logistics of managing the Kindle and the findings from both studies.

An Information Literacy Summer Assignment: Digital Learning Materials For The First Year Experience, Jeremy W. Donald

Library Faculty Research

Trinity University enrolls approximately 2400 undergraduate students, with an entering first-year class of ~600. As part of a campus-wide summer reading assignment, librarians and technologists were tasked with creating an online information literacy assignment, in which students were to complete an annotated bibliography related to the summer reading selection. The end result—an interactive website--combined instructional design, assessment, and usability design, and student work on the assignment was (optionally) incorporated into First Year Seminars.

Encyclopedia Of The Sciences Of Learning [Book Review], Anne Jumonville Graf

Library Faculty Research

The Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning is the first major reference work in the growing and highly visible field of learning sciences. It brings together definitional entries from scholars who represent the breath of this interdisciplinary area of study, teaching, and practice: biology, neuroscience, psychology, computer and information science, philosophy, anthropology, sociology, education, and a range of narrower technical and applied fields. Given the increasing amount of scholarly and popular attention to the dimensions and questions of human learning, it’s important to note that this encyclopedia devotes equal time to animal and machine learning as well; this is a …

Anti-Immigration In The United States: A Historical Encyclopedia [Book Review], Anne Jumonville Graf

Library Faculty Research

Consider Anti-Immigration in the United States: A Historical Encyclopedia a newer, narrower, more explicitly academic take on a well-covered topic among reference resources. Since James Ciment’s seminal, four-volume Encyclopedia of American Immigration published in 2001, there has been a variety of encyclopedias published focusing on the United States and immigration. Most recently, 2010 brought another Encyclopedia of American Immigration (unrelated to the previously mentioned work of the same name) edited by Carl L. Bankston and intended for use by the general public and high school/college undergraduates.

Encyclopedia Of Drug Policy [Book Review], Anne Jumonville Graf

Library Faculty Research

The bumper crop of encyclopedias devoted to drugs, drug abuse, and drug policy published during the early 1990s has finally been brought up to date by the 2011 Encyclopedia of Drug Policy. With a time frame that focuses primarily on the 20th and 21st century United States and references events through 2010, this encyclopedia’s entries have been laid out in six general categories: “drugs, laws and policies, organizations and individuals, control strategies and their underlying theories, drugs in select countries, and drugs and other social problems.”

The Greenwood Dictionary Of Education (2nd Edition) [Review], Anne Jumonville Graf

Library Faculty Research

With 850 new or significantly revised terms in addition to previously published content, the second edition of the Greenwood Dictionary of Education brings the 2003 version up to date. New content includes selected coverage of terminology from the fields of neuroscience, educational assessment, and technology, as well as updated entries on evolving educational practices and theories. Unfortunately it’s difficult to determine the scope of the additions: as a traditionally-organized alphabetical work without an index, this work—as with most dictionaries—is most useful for known- item searches. The keyword search in the ebook version does search word definitions in addition to head …

David Hume On Public Credit, Maria Pia Paganelli

Economics Faculty Research

In his essay Of Public Credit, David Hume argues against the institutionalization of public credit. Contrary to what is commonly believed, I claim Hume’s analysis of public credit is sound and it is an example of his worst-case thinking. Through textual and contextual analysis, I show for Hume public credit brings catastrophic results because men are knaves, systematically biased, and unlucky. Public credit is an appropriate institution to stimulate the economy only if men are perfect and perfectly predictable. But they are not. For Hume, considering the worst-case rather than the best-case helps prevent potential disasters. Public credit should therefore …

Suppression-Induced Forgetting On A Free-Association Test, Paula T. Hertel, Daniel Large, Ellen Stuck, Allison Levy

Psychology Faculty Research

The repeated suppression of thoughts in response to cues for their expression leads to forgetting on a subsequent test of cued recall (Anderson & Green, 2001). We extended this effect by using homograph cues and presenting them for free association following suppression practice. Cue-target pairs were first learned under integrating imagery instructions; then in the think/no-think phase students practiced suppressing thoughts connected to some homograph cues, with or without the assistance of thought substitutes that changed their meaning. Below-baseline forgetting on the subsequent free-association test was found in the production of suppressed targets. Following aided suppression, this effect was also …

Can We Reduce Eating Disorder Risk Factors In Female College Athletes? A Randomized Exploratory Investigation Of Two Peer-Led Interventions, Carolyn Becker, Leda Mcdaniel, Stephanie Bull, Marc Powell, Kevin Mcintyre

Psychology Faculty Research

Female athletes are at least as at risk as other women for eating disorders (EDs) and at risk for the female athlete triad (i.e., inadequate energy availability, menstrual disorders, and osteoporosis). This study investigated whether two evidence-based programs appear promising for future study if modified to address the unique needs of female athletes. Athletes were randomly assigned to athlete-modified dissonance prevention or healthy weight intervention (AM-HWI). ED risk factors were assessed pre/post-treatment, and 6-week and 1-year follow-up. Results (analyzed sample, N = 157) indicated that both interventions reduced thin-ideal internalization, dietary restraint, bulimic pathology, shape and weight concern, and negative …

Children Use Different Cues To Guide Noun And Verb Extensions, Jane B. Childers, M. Elaine Heard, Kolette Ring, Anushka Pai, Julie Sallquist

Psychology Faculty Research

Learning new words involves decoding both how a word fits the current situation and how it could be used in new situations. Three studies explore how two types of cues— sentence structure and the availability of multiple instances-- affect children’s extensions of nouns and verbs. In each study, 2½-year-olds heard nouns, verbs or no new word while seeing the experimenter use a novel object to perform an action; at test, they were asked to extend the word. In Study 1, children hearing nouns in simple sentences used object shape as the basis for extension even though, during the learning phase, …

How Judgments Change Following Comparison Of Current And Prior Information, Dolores Albarracin, Harry M. Wallace, W. Hart, R. D. Brown

Psychology Faculty Research

Although much observed judgment change is superficial and occurs without considering prior information, other forms of change also occur. Comparison between prior and new information about an issue may trigger change by influencing either or both the perceived strength and direction of the new information. In four experiments, participants formed and reported initial judgments of a policy based on favorable written information about it. Later, these participants read a second passage containing strong favorable or unfavorable information on the policy. Compared to control conditions, subtle and direct prompts to compare the initial and new information led to more judgment change …

Reflected Appraisal Through A 21st-Century Looking Glass, Harry M. Wallace, Dianne M. Tice

Psychology Faculty Research

The concept of reflected appraisal—also known as reflected self-appraisal or the looking-glass self—refers to the processes by which people's self-views are influenced by their perceptions of how others view them. Reflected appraisal is reflected in the metaphor that people use others as a mirror (i.e., looking glass) for judging themselves, and also in the sense that others' judgments are reflected in self-judgments. The concept refers simultaneously to person A's self-appraisal and person A's appraisal of person B's appraisal of person A. These appraisals exert reciprocal influence: Self-views affect judgments of others' views, and judgments …

Aztec Ceramic Figurines: An Analysis Of “Female Holding Child” Hollow-Rattle Figurine, Valerie Martinez

Undergraduate Student Research Awards

No abstract provided.