Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Shame On Me: Emotions And Gender Differences In Taking With Earned Endowments [Post-Print], Brianna Halladay

Faculty Scholarship

We study gender differences in a taking-framed dictator game. We expand on past studies documenting gender differences in the taking-framed dictator game by asking whether gender differences persist when endowments are earned. We find a strong and robust gender effect. Women take less than men both in terms of overall amounts and share taken. We further elicit emotions following the taking game. Shame is positively correlated with taking behavior; this could be a contributing factor to taking aversion documented in the literature. Interestingly we do not observe gender differences in reported emotions or emotional intensity by either dictators or receivers.

Patterns Of Prospective Memory Errors Differ In Persons With Multiple Sclerosis., Caitlyn A Nguyen, Sarah A Raskin, Aaron P Turner, Zaenab Dhari, Lindsay O Neto, Elizabeth S Gromisch

Faculty Scholarship

INTRODUCTION: Prospective memory (PM) deficits have been documented in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study aimed to explore the specific types of errors made by persons with MS (PwMS), including differences between PwMS and healthy controls (HC) and PwMS who do and do not have impairments in processing speed and/or verbal learning and memory.

METHOD: PwMS (

RESULTS: Nearly 93% of PwMS made at least one PM error, compared to 76% of HC (

CONCLUSIONS: PM errors are common in PwMS, particularly when there are longer delays and time-based cues. Not only do PwMS make more errors than demographically similar HC, …

A Tale Of Two Transit Systems: Comparing Copenhagen, Denmark And Portland, Oregon's Transit Networks, Aurora Trani '24

Marcuss Fellows

This research project aims to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the intercity train systems in Copenhagen and Portland based on their related scholarship and each system's efficiency, ridership, and projected expansion. In 2008 and 2010, the International Metrorail conference cited the Copenhagen Metro as one of the most effective transit systems in the world for its stability and customer satisfaction (Institute for Human Centered Design, 2016). Given the accolades awarded to the Copenhagen Metro, this project will work to understand what elements of Copenhagen’s Metro systems make it so efficient, and how they can be applied in Portland. More …

A Historic Secondary City In Transition: How The Hafencity Urban Mega-Project Is Reshaping Hamburg And Its Position In The International Urban Order, Julius Benthin

Marcuss Fellows

This thesis aims to delve into the distinct intricacies of the HafenCity development as an urban mega project. Through three interconnected chapters, the thesis will explore the HafenCity's controversial genesis story, its alignment with aspirations to stimulate an (urban) renaissance, and its current and tangible impacts on the local scale. To navigate these complex dynamics, this study will draw upon a synthesis of relevant literature and apply it to the HafenCity case. Urban mega projects – particularly in the form of urban waterfront regeneration – are increasingly deployed on a global scale and have attracted considerable academic attention. However, largely …

"Corridor-Ising" Impact Along The Belt And Road: Is The Newly Operational China-Laos Railway A Game-Changer?, Xiangming Chen

Faculty Scholarship

On 3 December 2021, amid the global surge of the Omicron variant, the China-Laos Railway (CLR), under construction since 2016, launched its maiden run from and toward its two termini at Kunming, capital city of Yunnan province in south-western China, and Vientiane, capital city of Laos. In more ways than one, the CLR is an unprecedented cross-border rail project in terms of scale, length, connected places, construction type, and potentially massive regional impact. These features exemplify the growing influence of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) along its six large-scale economic corridors and their key sub-corridors. In this essay, I …

Variation In Reported Hospital Cash Prices Across The United States And How They Compare To Reported Payer-Specific Negotiated Rates [Post-Print], Gerardo Ruiz Sánchez

Faculty Scholarship

There is little empirical evidence on the hospital “cash” prices that self-paying patients (e.g., self-paying uninsured patients) face, and little empirical evidence of how these hospital cash prices compare to payer-specific negotiated rates. To address this gap in the literature, I use new data from U.S. hospitals on their reported cash prices and payer-specific negotiated rates for fourteen “shoppable” hospital services that are subject to mandated disclosure under a new federal rule that took effect on January 1, 2021. I find that the cash prices reported by hospitals for these services vary meaningfully across the United States. For example, hospitals …

An Agent Of White Supremacy: Diversity, Equity And Inclusion, Karolina Barrientos

General Student Scholarship

Diversity Equity and Inclusion initiatives have increased in the last decade and have become an essential aspect of all types of institutions, including higher education. Trinity being no stranger, with their Office of Diversity Equity and Inclusion being established in 2018. Diversity Equity and Inclusion at its root was created to uphold white supremacy and those in power of societal institutions. White Supremacy is at the foundation of higher education and is pervasive in all of its aspects. I argue that DEI provides the illusions of combating white supremacy while training “white” people to evade having to truly face and …

Effect Of Political Quotas On Attributes Of Political Candidates And Provision Of Public Goods [Post-Print], Chitra Jogani

Faculty Scholarship

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the effect of an affirmative action policy on the quality of candidates using political quotas in India. Using the latest data and a regression discontinuity design, I find the caste quotas lead to political candidates with different attributes: lower wealth, lower criminal charges, and increased representation of women, but similar education levels. I find no significant difference in the level of public goods in rural India between quota-bound and non-quota-bound areas. The results suggest an increase in political diversity with no negative effects on the provision of basic facilities.

Sensationalized Surveillance: Campus Reform And The Targeted Harassment Of Faculty [Post-Print], Samantha Mccarthy, Isaac Kamola

Faculty Scholarship

Campus Reform is a right-wing website that hires students to write articles accusing universities and faculty members of “liberal bias.” These pieces circulate widely within the right-wing media ecosystem, where they can inspire self-deputized online vigilantes to harass faculty members and college administrators to sanction their faculty members. We argue that Campus Reform is part of a well-funded and well-organized panoptic network that engages in the sensationalized surveillance of faculty. This paper first develops our concept of sensationalized surveillance. We then offer a comprehensive institutional history of Campus Reform – demonstrating that it originates with, and continues to operate as, …

China’S Belt And Road Initiative: An Epochal Initiative Connecting The World, Xiangming Chen

Faculty Scholarship

In 2013, the Chinese Government launched the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), a massive global infrastructure-building initiative, to increase trade by connecting cities within and across continents. The initiative is redefining globalisation, urbanisation, regionalism, and development. Professor Xiangming Chen has released a policy expo-book (sponsored by the Regional Studies Association) that traces out the changing economic, social, and spatial fortunes of the regions connected to the initiative. In this timely book, the author outlines a modern, fresh and factual account of an outward-looking China ushering in a new era of globalisation through a variety of widespread and far-reaching trans-boundary economic …

Reconnecting Eurasia: A New Logistics State, The China–Europe Freight Train, And The Resurging Ancient City Of Xi’An [Pre-Print], Xiangming Chen

Faculty Scholarship

Large-scale transport systems project expansive geographical reach via far-reaching connectivity and spillovers. This phenomenon, however, is understudied for its impact on economic and spatial relations across geographic scales and economic domains and the mechanism carrying and transmitting that impact. Despite its short existence, the China–Europe Freight Train (CEFT) has already created a long geographical reach and major impact on the transport landscape spanning China, Central Asia, and Europe. This paper argues that a new logistics state in China at the local level is driving and sustaining the CEFT from below relative to the national government and market forces. Using the …

Connectivity, Connectivity, Connectivity: Has The China-Europe Freight Train Become A Winning Run?, Xiangming Chen

Faculty Scholarship

In “China and Europe: Reconnecting across a New Silk Road” (Xiangming Chen and Julie Mardeusz ’16, The European Financial Review, February/March 2015), we included a short section about the China-Europe Freight Train (CEFT). The CEFT was then in its fourth year of running, while the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was officially only two years old. A total of 815 freight trains ran between China and Europe in 2015. The pandemic year of 2020 saw 12,406 trains between China and Europe, with another surge during the first six months of 2021. What has changed over a few …

Symposium On Trends And Advances In The Comparative Politics Of Immigration: Taking Stock [Post-Print], Anthony Messina, Gallya Lahav

Faculty Scholarship

Up until the 1980s immigration-related subjects were largely ignored by comparative political scientists. It was only when they were politicized during the 1990s that political science scholarship on these subjects proliferated. The essays in this symposium expand upon the progress comparativists have made in comprehending and explaining the phenomena of mass immigration and immigrant settlement. Specifically, they explore several recent currents within their respective research streams, including issue salience, radical Right political parties, the domestic politics of immigration policy making, and national immigration regimes. All are intellectually indebted to the scholarship of Gary P. Freeman and Martin A. Schain to …

Qanon And The Digital Lumpenproletariat [Post-Print], Isaac Kamola

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Concurrent Gaming Disorder/Internet Gaming Disorder And Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Dependency In Emerging Adults [Pre-Print], Hannah G. Mitchell, Rachelle Kromash, Laura Holt, Meredith K. Ginley

Faculty Scholarship

A growing proportion of young adults report regularly playing video games and using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Although video gaming is often normative and adaptive, excessive gaming is associated with adverse health outcomes and dependency, as seen in gaming disorder/internet gaming disorder (GD/IGD). Possible additive detrimental effects of ENDS use on the physical outcomes of GD/IGD lend particular concern to these concurrent behaviors. The present study explored group differences in concurrent ENDS and GD/IGD dependency by demographic factors, including age, sex, gender, sexual orientation, racial identity, relationship status, and year in school. The interaction effect of symptoms of attention-deficit …

The 2019 European Elections: Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, And Something Green, Mark N. Franklin, Luana Russo

Faculty Scholarship

© 2020 Società Italiana di Scienza Politica. In the aftermath of a European Parliament (EP) election, there are normally two prominent aspects that receive attention by scholars and experts: the turnout rate and whether the Second Order Election (SOE) model proposed by Reif and Schmitt (1980) still applies. That model is based on the idea that, because EP elections do not themselves provide enough stimulus as to replace the concernsnormally present at national elections, the outcomes of EP elections in any participating country manifest themselves as a sort of distorted mirror of national (Parliamentary) elections in that country. The mirror …

Intergroup Threat And Heterosexual Cisgender Women’S Support For Policies Regarding The Admittance Of Trans Women At A Women’S College, H. Robert Outten, Marcella E. Lawrence

Faculty Scholarship

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Although spaces once reserved for cisgender women are becoming increasingly accessible to trans women, few studies have examined cisgender women’s responses to such changes. Informed by social identity perspectives, we examined if heterosexual cisgender women’s reactions to two types of women’s college admissions policies pertaining to trans women depended on their appraisals of intergroup threat—or the degree to which they perceived trans women as a threat to cisgender women. Four-hundred-and-forty heterosexual cisgender women completed a measure of intergroup threat and then read 1 of 2 articles about a women’s college’s admissions …

Hong Kong’S Housing Crisis And Proposed Solutions, Nanci Lopez

The Trinity Papers (2011 - present)

No abstract provided.

From Sisters To Saviors, Zoë Sylvester-Chin

The Trinity Papers (2011 - present)

No abstract provided.

Silencing, A Tool Of Suppression And Survival, Marlén Miranda

The Trinity Papers (2011 - present)

No abstract provided.

The Racialization Of Muslim-Americans Post 9/11: Causes, Themes, And Effects, Hamna Tariq

The Trinity Papers (2011 - present)

No abstract provided.

Weathering Covid-19: Lessons From Wuhan And Milan For Urban Governance And Sustainability, Xiangming Chen, Yi Teresa Wu

Faculty Scholarship

The global spread of COVID-19 has exposed the world’s largest and densest urban centres to bearing the brunt of this pandemic. The invisible virus has forced thriving metropolises to empty their streets and shops to dead spaces absent of people and activity. It even triggers the doomsday question of, “Does COVID-19 mean the end of cities?” In this article, we compare how two great cities of the East and West – Wuhan and Milan – have responded to the deadly virus, with their internal and external strengths and constraints. We also take the reader deep into the two cities’ neighbourhoods …

Virtuous Globalization, The Three-Zeros Policy, And China’S Choice, Guanzhong James Wen

Faculty Scholarship

© 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Economic globalization is generally desirable and beneficial to a great extent, but not necessarily virtuous. Modern history has proven time and again that economic globalization may go astray if rivalry among big powers are not coordinated and regulated in a timely manner. Thorny issues arise inevitably when globalization involves big economies such as China, whose resource allocation mechanisms deviate significantly from that of a typical market economy. This paper will focus on: 1) What is virtuous globalization? 2) Why should big powers adopt the goal of three-zeros (zero tariff, …

Sudden Onsets Reflexively Drive Spatial Attention, But Those That Predict Reward Do More, Devin R. Butler, Michael A. Grubb

Faculty Scholarship

© 2020 Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Inc. The sudden appearance of an unexpected object elicits the automatic allocation of spatial attention. Even without eye movements, effortless, but transient, improvements in perception occur at the onset location. Much is known about the consequences of such exogenously elicited shifts of covert attention, but most research has used stimuli that carry very little, if any, additional information. In everyday life, attention is captured by sudden onsets that, due to past experience, alert us to more than just their appearance. An abundance of recent work has shed light on the interaction …

Investigating The Role Of Exogenous Cueing On Selection History Formation, Michael A. Grubb, Gabriela Christensen, John Albanese

Faculty Scholarship

© 2019, The Psychonomic Society, Inc. An abundance of recent empirical data suggest that repeatedly allocating visual attention to task-relevant and/or reward-predicting features in the visual world engenders an attentional bias for these frequently attended stimuli, even when they become task irrelevant and no longer predict reward. In short, attentional selection in the past hinders voluntary control of attention in the present. But do such enduring attentional biases rely on a history of voluntary, goal-directed attentional selection, or can they be generated through involuntary, effortless attentional allocation? An abrupt visual onset triggers such a reflexive allocation of covert spatial attention …

Liberal Pacification And The Phenomenology Of Violence, Ilan Baron, Jonathan Havercroft, Isaac Kamola, Jonneke Koomen, Justin Murphy, Alex Prichard

Faculty Scholarship

While international relations scholars make many claims about violence, they rarely define the concept. This article develops a typology of three distinct kinds of violence: direct, indirect, and pacification. Direct violence occurs when a person or agent inflicts harm on another. Indirect violence manifests through the structures of society. We propose a third understanding of violence: pacification. Using a phenomenological methodology, and drawing on anarchist and postcolonial thought, we show that the violence of pacification is diffuse, inconspicuous, intersubjective, and structured into the fabric of society. This understanding of violence matters for the study of international relations in general and …

An Analysis Of Human Social Structure In Relation To Evolutionary Psychology, Zoe Tucker

The First-Year Papers (2010 - present)

No abstract provided.

Modernity, Kendra Keelan

The First-Year Papers (2010 - present)

No abstract provided.

Change And Continuity In Special Economic Zones: A Reassessment And Lessons From China, Xiangming Chen

Faculty Scholarship

Special economic zones (SEZs) have been used as an important national development instrument around the world for the past several decades. While SEZs have continued to grow, they vary considerably across developing countries in form, function and effectiveness. This wide variation challenges development scholars and policymakers to probe factors that render some SEZs more successful than others and at certain stages of development than at others, and, second, allow some SEZs to sustain their success while triggering others to fail or become obsolete. China stands out not only in having created the largest number and variety of SEZs but also …

Determinants Of Latrine Use Behavior: The Psychosocial Proxies Of Individual-Level Defecation Practices In Rural Coastal Ecuador, Velma K. Lopez, Veronica J. Berrocal, Betty Corozo Angulo, Pavani K. Ram, James Trostle, Joseph N.S. Eisenberg

Faculty Scholarship

Copyright © 2019 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. There is increasing appreciation that latrine access does not imply use—many individuals who own latrines do not consistently use them. Little is known, however, about the determinants of latrine use, particularly among those with variable defecation behaviors. Using the integrated behavior model of water, sanitation, and hygiene framework, we sought to characterize determinants of latrine use in rural Ecuador. We interviewed 197 adults living in three communities with a survey consisting of 70 psychosocial defecation-related questions. Questions were excluded from analysis if responses lacked variability or at least …