Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

The University of Maine

Theses/Dissertations

2001

Articles 1 - 20 of 20

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Physiological And Cognitive Factors In Asthma And Panic Disorder: Application Of The Cognitive And Dyspnensuffocation Fear Theories, Diana M. Dorhofer Dec 2001

Physiological And Cognitive Factors In Asthma And Panic Disorder: Application Of The Cognitive And Dyspnensuffocation Fear Theories, Diana M. Dorhofer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recently, the relationship of anxiety with asthma has been investigated in the psychological literature, revealing that individuals with asthma are more likely to develop panic disorder than are individuals without asthma (e.g., Carr, 1998). Two theories (dyspnedsuffocation fear theory and cognitive theory) have been used to explain how asthma symptoms are affected by panic attacks or panic disorder. The present study examines both theories, as well as a hypothesis developed by Carr (1 998) that suggests that the presence of panic disorder in individuals with asthma may lead to better lung functioning in response to stressful stimuli than for individuals …

Go to article

Nonmarket Valuation And Land Use: Two Essays, Robert W. Paterson Dec 2001

Nonmarket Valuation And Land Use: Two Essays, Robert W. Paterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The research presented here consists of two essays that describe applications of non-market valuation techniques to current land use issues. The individual studies were designed to address important methodological and policy issues, respectively. In the first essay, Geographic Information System (GIs) data are used to develop variables representing the physical extent and visibility of surrounding land use/cover features in a hedonic model of a rural/suburban housing market. Three equations are estimated to determine if views affect property prices, and, further, if omission of visibility variables leads to omitted variable bias. Results indicate that the visibility measures are important determinants of …

Go to article

Factors Affecting Consumer Valuation Of Environmentally Labeled Forest Products, Kelly Ann O'Brien Dec 2001

Factors Affecting Consumer Valuation Of Environmentally Labeled Forest Products, Kelly Ann O'Brien

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The recognition and acknowledgement of how personal purchasing decisions affect the environment may increase the desire to buy products advertised as "environmentally-friendly." Effective and credible advertising and marketing of products deemed ecologically sound, as well as, the specific environmental qualities embodied by such products presumably weighs on the effectiveness of environmentally conscious shopping. To that end, consumers are unable to fully utilize purchase power as a means of protecting the environment if they are unaware that such options exist. The public's apparent willingness to use its purchasing power as a means to protect the environment provides an opportunity for manufacturers …

Go to article

Graphical Perception Of Nonlinear Trends: Discrimination And Extrapolation, Lisa A. Best Aug 2001

Graphical Perception Of Nonlinear Trends: Discrimination And Extrapolation, Lisa A. Best

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation investigated several factors involved in the perception of nonlinear relationships in time series graphs. To model real-world data sets, the graphed data included different sample sizes and levels of variability, and represented different underlying trends. Graph format was also varied. The purpose of the experiments was to determine how these factors affect both trend discrimination and extrapolation accuracy, with the overall goal of determining what types of graphs are optimal in different situations. In Experiment 1, subjects viewed time series graphs on a computer screen and had to identify the type of trend that was present. Six trends …

Go to article

Emotional Expression Management And Social Acceptance In Childhood: Ability, Strategy, And Gender., Gregory S. Young Aug 2001

Emotional Expression Management And Social Acceptance In Childhood: Ability, Strategy, And Gender., Gregory S. Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study was designed to examine the relationship between children's ability to manage emotional expressions and peer acceptance. Specifically, using a mild mood induction paradigm, children between the ages of 8- to 10-years were instructed to neutralize and dissemble genuinely negative emotions. Children's ability to effectively manage their negative emotional expressions was then examined with respect to gender differences and in relation to peer acceptance ratings. Results indicated that girls were significantly better than boys at substituting positive expressions for genuine negative ones, were marginally worse than boys at neutralizing negative expressions, and overall were significantly more expressively positive …

Go to article

An Armington Model Of The U.S. Demand For Scallops, Fuzhi Cheng Aug 2001

An Armington Model Of The U.S. Demand For Scallops, Fuzhi Cheng

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The supply of scallops in the United States in recent years has remained relatively stable and the supply source has shifted noticeably from domestic production to imports, especially from China and Japan, where aquaculture production of scallops has been successful. During the past decade, the market share of imported scallops has increased drastically. The scallop fishery in the U.S. is now facing potential competitions from imports. Continuing efforts to provide information on the effect of increasing imports on the U.S. scallop market is warranted. In addition, the impacts of supply increases on domestic scallop prices, either through wild stock enhancement …

Go to article

The Emergence Of The Capacity For Guilt In Preschoolers: The Role Of Personal Responsibility In Differentiating Shame From Guilt, Jamie L. Walter Aug 2001

The Emergence Of The Capacity For Guilt In Preschoolers: The Role Of Personal Responsibility In Differentiating Shame From Guilt, Jamie L. Walter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined the development of guilt and shame in preschool children, as well as individual differences related to the expression of these emotions. Sixty-one children in three age groups were videotaped in a mishap paradigm in which an experimentally manipulated doll's arm fell off during play. Children were randomly assigned to either an ambiguous or a personal responsibility condition. Videotapes were coded for behavioral (e.g., latency to repair, avoidance) and affective (e.g., joy, tensionlwony) reactions. Individual differences were assessed through parental reports using the My Child (Kochanska, DeVet, Goldman, Murray, & Putman, 1994) and teacher ratings using the …

Go to article

Public Conservation Land And Economic Growth In The Northern Forest Region, David Lewis Aug 2001

Public Conservation Land And Economic Growth In The Northern Forest Region, David Lewis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Environmental issues frequently revolve around a perceived tradeoff between the economy and the environment. In the Northern Forest region, one of the most important environmental policy issues of recent years has been the ownership of vast stretches of undeveloped forestland. Specifically, the possibility of increasing public conservation ownership on these lands has emerged. Opponents of conservation lands often argue that employment will decline significantly when land is diverted from commodity-oriented uses such as forest products production. Proponents of conservation lands frequently cite the amenity benefits of conservation lands and the potential to diversify and stimulate the economy by designating more …

Go to article

Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems, Frederico Torres Fonseca May 2001

Ontology-Driven Geographic Information Systems, Frederico Torres Fonseca

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Information integration is the combination of different types of information in a framework so that it can be queried, retrieved, and manipulated. Integration of geographic data has gained in importance because of the new possibilities arising from the interconnected world and the increasing availability of geographic information. Many times the need for information is so pressing that it does not matter if some details are lost, as long as integration is achieved. To integrate information across computerized information systems it is necessary first to have explicit formalizations of the mental concepts that people have about the real world. Furthermore, these …

Go to article

Strategies For Handling Spatial Uncertainty Due To Discretization, Thomas Windholz May 2001

Strategies For Handling Spatial Uncertainty Due To Discretization, Thomas Windholz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Geographic information systems (GISs) allow users to analyze geographic phenomena within areas of interest that lead to an understanding of their relationships and thus provide a helpful tool in decision-making. Neglecting the inherent uncertainties in spatial representations may result in undesired misinterpretations. There are several sources of uncertainty contributing to the quality of spatial data within a GIS: imperfections (e.g., inaccuracy and imprecision) and effects of discretization. An example for discretization in the thematic domain is the chosen number of classes to represent a spatial phenomenon (e.g., air temperature). In order to improve the utility of a GIS an inclusion …

Go to article

Academic Stress And Father Involvement Among University Student Fathers, Brian Masciadrelli Jan 2001

Academic Stress And Father Involvement Among University Student Fathers, Brian Masciadrelli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the relationship of school-related stress with the degree and type of involvement fathers have with their children under age 12 while enrolled as a student at the university level. Thirty-eight fathers responded to self-administered surveys measuring the degree of academic stress they experience and the frequency of involvement with their children in terms of direct interaction with child, accessibility to child, and responsibility assumed for child. The degree of psychological presence of the child to the father and marital satisfaction were also measured. Hypothesis 1 stated that student fathers experiencing high academic stress will have low father …

Go to article

"The Little City In Itself": Middle-Class Aspirations In Bangor, Maine, 1880-1920, Sara K. Martin Jan 2001

"The Little City In Itself": Middle-Class Aspirations In Bangor, Maine, 1880-1920, Sara K. Martin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the inception and growth of "the Little City in Itself," a residential neighborhood in Bangor, Maine, as a case study of middle-class suburbanization and domestic life in small cities around the turn of the twentieth century. The development of Little City is the story of builders' and residents' efforts to shape a middle-class neighborhood in a small American city, a place distinct from the crowded downtown neighborhoods of immigrants and the elegant mansions of the wealthy. The purpose of this study is to explore builders' response to the aspirations of the neighborhood's residents for home and neighborhood …

Go to article

Late Maritime Woodland (Ceramic) And Paleoindian End Scrapers: Stone Tool Technology, Pamela J. Dickinson Jan 2001

Late Maritime Woodland (Ceramic) And Paleoindian End Scrapers: Stone Tool Technology, Pamela J. Dickinson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Archaeologists tend to view lithic assemblages from a predominately morphological perspective, stressing the importance of the fluted point as the defining characteristic of the Paleoindian culture period (ca. 10,000 years B.P.). In applying such a characteristic, Paleoindian sites have been identified throughout the Northeast. However, there are no identified Paleoindian sites in New Brunswick. It is possible that some sites are largely ignored or thought to lack a Paleoindian component if a fluted point is absent. If such sites are being overlooked, then the database may under represent the Paleoindian culture period. Spurred end scrapers commonly occur in known Paleoindian …

Go to article

Attachment Style, Trust, And Exchange Orientation: A Mediational Model, Minzette Peterson Jan 2001

Attachment Style, Trust, And Exchange Orientation: A Mediational Model, Minzette Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Trust has been related to both attachment theory and exchange orientation. However, the research has not yet addressed whether or not attachment styles are related to exchange orientation, and if they are related, in what way. Attachment theory is divided into two concepts: view of self and view of others. This research was' designed to test whether trust was a mediating variable between view of others and exchange orientation. The measurements were distributed to college students at The University of Maine including the Adult Style Questionnaire, The Trust Scale, and The Revised Exchange Orientation Scale. In all, 94 students returned …

Go to article

Maine Hospice Volunteers: A Study Of Motivations, Death Awareness And Religious Beliefs, Anne F. Donovan Jan 2001

Maine Hospice Volunteers: A Study Of Motivations, Death Awareness And Religious Beliefs, Anne F. Donovan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Volunteers are an essential part of the hospice movement, which is designed to provide services to the terminally ill, their families, and friends, in a manner that allows death to be as dignified and peaceful as possible. Motivations for volunteering, attitudes about death and dying, and demographic characteristics were assessed in this survey study of Maine hospice volunteers (573 females, 128 males). The extent to which religious and spiritual beliefs were associated with volunteers’ ability to cope with the many aspects of death and dying that they confront were also examined. Based on responses to a standardized instrument, the Collett-Lester …

Go to article

Visitor Behaviors And Resource Impacts At Cadillac Mountain, Acadia National Park, Rex Turner Jan 2001

Visitor Behaviors And Resource Impacts At Cadillac Mountain, Acadia National Park, Rex Turner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The summit of Cadillac Mountain, located in Maine's Acadia National Park, can be reached via three hiking trails and a scenic auto road. This site attracts over an estimated two million visitors per year. Most of this visitation is concentrated from Memorial Day to Labor Day. The sensitive sub-alpine nature of the site, coupled with high visitation rates, has created a scenario where significant vegetation and soil damage occurs. Additionally, Acadia National Park has experienced chronic problems at this site stemming from visitors altering, destroying, or constructing cairns (pyramid shaped piles of rocks built by trail crews to mark trails …

Go to article

Fishing The Borderlands: Government Policy And Fishermen On The North Atlantic, Brian J. Payne Jan 2001

Fishing The Borderlands: Government Policy And Fishermen On The North Atlantic, Brian J. Payne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The North Atlantic's nineteenth-century fishing industry covered a vast geographic and socioeconomic unit. It extended from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Atlantic Ocean, around the Grand Banks off Newfoundland, and south to the George's Banks off the coast of Massachusetts. Those who participated in the industry, both merchants and workers, operated within a global economy. Markets for fish products were not always domestic; in fact the majority of fish caught was shipped to foreign markets in the Mediterranean and the West Indies. The capital that was invested in the industry came from London, Halifax, Boston, and other economic …

Go to article

Selling America: The Boy Scouts Of America In The Progressive Era, 1910-1921, John Phillips Jan 2001

Selling America: The Boy Scouts Of America In The Progressive Era, 1910-1921, John Phillips

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Created in 1910 during the Progressive Era the Boy Scouts of America was a civic reform, middle-class, professional organization intent on building the characters of America's juvenile boys, believing that America's transformation from a rural and small town culture to an ban society had removed some of the traditional character building opportunities from the boy's normal daily routine. The BSA was mass-oriented and commercial in nature, utilizing a sophisticated advertising program through which it sold itself as the nation's premiere patriotic character building organization and communicated a nationalistic political mythology. The BSA's emphasis on advertising, not just as a method …

Go to article

Lithic Analysis Of Chipped Stone Artifacts Recovered From Quebrada Jaguay, Peru, Benjamin R. Tanner Jan 2001

Lithic Analysis Of Chipped Stone Artifacts Recovered From Quebrada Jaguay, Peru, Benjamin R. Tanner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Quebrada Jaguay, a Terminal Pleistocene to Early Holocene archaeological site in Southern Peru, is recognized as one of the few sites in the Americas that features evidence of a Paleoindian maritime adaptation. Faunal remains from this multicomponent shell midden include shellfish, fish, crustaceans, and shorebirds. Lithic remains recovered from the site over the course of two field seasons (1996 and 1999) provide information about the technology of the site's inhabitants and afford comparisons with other contemporary sites. These lithic materials provide answers to questions dealing with lithic procurement and production strategies and questions about relationships with other groups along the …

Go to article

Economic Factors That Influence Soybean And Canola Prices, Lei Cui Jan 2001

Economic Factors That Influence Soybean And Canola Prices, Lei Cui

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The USDA Agricultural Research Service is examining the feasibility and profitability of growing Canola and soybeans in potato rotation systems. The study described in this thesis is part of this research program. The primary objective of this research is to look for economic factors that influence soybean and Canola prices. Canola is a new oilseed crop to the U.S. Since the Food and Drug Administration approved its use as edible food, Canola production in the US. has increased tremendously. Because only 11 years of data are available on Canola consumption and production in the U.S., it is difficult to empirically …

Go to article