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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Bottlenose dolphins (1)
- Cognitive load (1)
- Confidence–accuracy relationship (1)
- Creativity (1)
- Discriminability (1)
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- Distance (1)
- Dual process (1)
- Eye use (1)
- Eyewitness identification (1)
- Facial identification (1)
- Functional fixedness (1)
- Imposter identification (1)
- Laterality (1)
- Lateralization (1)
- Low-prevalence effect (1)
- Performance feedback (1)
- Problem solving (1)
- Receiver operating characteristic curves (1)
- Rough-toothed dolphins (1)
Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of Viewing Distance On Empirical Discriminability And The Confidence–Accuracy Relationship For Eyewitness Identification, Robert F. Lockamyeir, Curt A. Carlson, Alyssa R. Jones, Maria A. Carlson, Dawn R. Weatherford
The Effect Of Viewing Distance On Empirical Discriminability And The Confidence–Accuracy Relationship For Eyewitness Identification, Robert F. Lockamyeir, Curt A. Carlson, Alyssa R. Jones, Maria A. Carlson, Dawn R. Weatherford
Psychology Faculty Publications
The distance from which an eyewitness views a perpetrator is a critical factor for eyewitness identification, but has received little research attention. We presented three mock-crime videos to participants, varying distance to three perpetrators (3, 10, or 20 m). Across two experiments, increased distance reduced empirical discriminability in the form of a mirror effect, such that correct identifications decreased while false identifications increased. Moreover, high confidence identifications were associated with high accuracy at 3 m (Experiment 1 and 2) and 10 m (Experiment 2), but not at 20 m. We conclude that eyewitnesses may be less likely to identify a …
Using A Fork As A Hairbrush: Investigating Dual Routes To Release From Functional Fixedness, Dawn R. Weatherford, Lemira V. Esparza, Laura J. Tedder, Olivia K. H. Smith
Using A Fork As A Hairbrush: Investigating Dual Routes To Release From Functional Fixedness, Dawn R. Weatherford, Lemira V. Esparza, Laura J. Tedder, Olivia K. H. Smith
Psychology Faculty Publications
Functional fixedness involves difficulty with conceptualizing creative object uses. When it obstructs problem solving, individuals must reframe their approach. We examined how different training techniques – chunk decomposition (i.e., considering an object’s basic parts and physical properties) and constraint relaxation (i.e., considering an object’s different functions) – might rely upon different routes to creative reframing. Additionally, we investigated how different forms of cognitive load interact with these dual routes. Participants learned one of three techniques. Chunk decomposition participants created object breakdown diagrams; constraint relaxation participants created object functions lists; and, free association (control) participants wrote a word that they associated …
You Shall Not Pass: How Facial Variability And Feedback Affect The Detection Of Low-Prevalence Fake Ids, Dawn R. Weatherford, William B. Erickson, Jasmyne Thomas, Mary E. Walker, Barret Schein
You Shall Not Pass: How Facial Variability And Feedback Affect The Detection Of Low-Prevalence Fake Ids, Dawn R. Weatherford, William B. Erickson, Jasmyne Thomas, Mary E. Walker, Barret Schein
Psychology Faculty Publications
In many real-world settings, individuals rarely present another person’s ID, which increases the likelihood that a screener will fail to detect it. Three experiments examined how within-person variability (i.e., differences between two images of the same person) and feedback may have influenced criterion shifting, thought to be one of the sources of the low-prevalence effect (LPE). Participants made identity judgments of a target face and an ID under either high, medium, or low mismatch prevalence. Feedback appeared after every trial, only error trials, or no trials. Experiment 1 used two controlled images taken on the same day. Experiment 2 used …
Laterality Of Eye Use By Bottlenose (Tursiops Truncatus) And Rough-Toothed (Steno Bredanensis) Dolphins While Viewing Predictable And Unpredictable Stimuli, Malin K. Lilley, Amber J. De Vere, Deirdre B. Yeater
Laterality Of Eye Use By Bottlenose (Tursiops Truncatus) And Rough-Toothed (Steno Bredanensis) Dolphins While Viewing Predictable And Unpredictable Stimuli, Malin K. Lilley, Amber J. De Vere, Deirdre B. Yeater
Psychology Faculty Publications
Laterality of eye use has been increasingly studied in cetaceans. Research supports that many cetacean species keep prey on the right side while feeding and preferentially view unfamiliar objects with the right eye. In contrast, the left eye has been used more by calves while in close proximity to their mothers. Despite some discrepancies across and within species, laterality of eye use generally indicates functional specialization of brain hemispheres in cetaceans. The present study aimed to examine laterality of eye use in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis) under managed care. Subjects were …
Delivering Psychological Services To Military Members, Karen C. Kalmbach, Bret A. Moore
Delivering Psychological Services To Military Members, Karen C. Kalmbach, Bret A. Moore
Psychology Faculty Publications
Since 2001, less than half of one percent of the American public have volunteered to serve in the United States Armed Forces. With high-tempo repeated deployments and unconventional warfare, the Post 9/11 military has been exposed to unique trauma and stressors during an unprecedented two-decade long conflict. In voluntarily taking on this role, members are immersed in the total institution of military culture and required to make countless personal sacrifices, often experiencing trauma or other stressors that most in a civilian population will never face. Prevalence rates of mental health problems in active duty as well as veteran populations suggest …