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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Downstream Changes In Stream Power In The Henry Mountains, Utah, William Graf
Downstream Changes In Stream Power In The Henry Mountains, Utah, William Graf
William L. Graf
Total stream power does not necessarily increase systematically in the downstream direction because of the conflicting influences of channel slope, width, and depth. Historical records and field data for arroyo systems of the northern Henry Mountains, south-central Utah, show that total stream power decreased in the downstream direction during a deposition period before 1896 and increased downstream during an erosion period thereafter. When total stream power declined in the downstream direction, channels were small and meandering, and the ten-year flood exceeded channel capacity, resulting in overbank deposition of sediment. After an especially erosive flood in 1896, total stream power increased …
Fluvial Dynamics Of Th-230 In The Church Rock Event, Puerco River, New-Mexico, William Graf
Fluvial Dynamics Of Th-230 In The Church Rock Event, Puerco River, New-Mexico, William Graf
William L. Graf
The largest accidental surface release of radioactive materials in the United States occurred 16 July 1979, when a uranium tailings pond collapsed near Church Rock, New Mexico, releasing 378,500 m3 of liquids and 1000 mg of solids into the Puerco River. The resulting flood wave distributed radioactive thorium-230 through an 80-km reach of the river. A detailed analysis of 48 km of the entrenched channel shows that radionuclide concentrations in stream-bed sediments fluctuated irregularly with increasing distance from the source of contamination instead of declining exponentially as might be expected from hydraulic and geographic theory. Hydraulic calculations at 154 cross-sections …