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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Performance Of Dialysis Care: Routinization And Adaptation On The Floor, Laura L. Ellingson
The Performance Of Dialysis Care: Routinization And Adaptation On The Floor, Laura L. Ellingson
Women's and Gender Studies
Previous studies of communication in dialysis centers primarily focused on communication between nurses and patients. In this study, ethnographic methods were used to explore the dominant communication performances enacted by dialysis staff members, including registered nurses, patient care technicians, technical aides, a social worker, and a dietitian. Findings suggest a dialectic between extreme routinization of care and continual adaptation. The dominant routine involved repeating the same preparation, treatment, and discharge process 3 shifts per day, thrice weekly for each patient. At the same time, near-constant adjustments to scheduling, coordination of tasks, and problem solving were needed to maintain the performance …
Beyond Foraging: Behavioral Science And The Future Of Institutional Economics, Alexander J. Field
Beyond Foraging: Behavioral Science And The Future Of Institutional Economics, Alexander J. Field
Economics
Institutions affect economic outcomes, but variation in them cannot be directly linked to environmental factors such as geography, climate, or technological availabilities. Game theoretic approaches, based as they typically are on foraging only assumptions, do not provide an adequate foundation for understanding the intervening role of politics and ideology; nor does the view that culture and institutions are entirely socially constructed. Understanding what institutions are and how they influence behavior requires an approach that is in part biological, focusing on cognitive and behavioral adaptations for social interaction favored in the past by group selection. These adaptations, along with their effects …
Feast And Famine: A Statewide Science Serial Collection Assessment Inillinois, Tina E. Chrzastowski, Chew Chiat Naun, Michael Norman, Karen Schmidt
Feast And Famine: A Statewide Science Serial Collection Assessment Inillinois, Tina E. Chrzastowski, Chew Chiat Naun, Michael Norman, Karen Schmidt
Staff publications, research, and presentations
In 2004, a group of Illinois librarians was awarded a research grant to assess the state of Illinois’ science serial collection. This collection assessment focused on academic libraries in the state, specifically those participating in the Consortium of Academic Research Libraries in Illinois (CARLI), but also including another 10 academic libraries in the state that do not belong to the consortium. Current serial subscription data were collected through both automated and manual means and the analysis was conducted in conjunction with Ulrich’s Serials Analysis System. Due to cataloging limitations and issues surrounding different ISSNs for print and electronic formats, the …
The Influence Of Lifelong Learning On Mood, Patricia M. Simone, Amie L. Haas
The Influence Of Lifelong Learning On Mood, Patricia M. Simone, Amie L. Haas
Psychology
Mood state was assessed both before and after four different two-hour classes in the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute at Santa Clara University with the self-report Profile of Mood States-Brief Form (POMS-BF) developed by McNair, Lorr, and Droppleman (1992). Sixty-eight students (60% women), ages 49 to 92, filled in the 5-point mood assessment survey rating how they felt at that moment prior to the start of class and again two hours later, at the end of class. At the start of class these students reported very low levels of negative affect (tension, anger, depression, confusion, fatigue). Following the two-hour Osher class …
Integrating Spirituality And Psychotherapy: Ethical Issues And Principles To Consider, Thomas G. Plante
Integrating Spirituality And Psychotherapy: Ethical Issues And Principles To Consider, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
Professional and scientific psychology appears to have rediscovered spirituality and religion during recent years, with a large number of conferences, seminars, workshops, books, and special issues in major professional journals on spirituality and psychology integration. The purpose of this commentary is to highlight some of the more compelling ethical principles and issues to consider in spirituality and psychology integration with a focus on psychotherapy. This commentary will use the American Psychological Association's (2002) Ethics Code and more specifically, the RRICC model of ethics that readily applies to various mental health ethics codes across the world. The RRICC model highlights the …
Are Successful Applicants To The Roman Catholic Deaconate Psychologically Healthy?, Thomas G. Plante, Kathleen Lackey
Are Successful Applicants To The Roman Catholic Deaconate Psychologically Healthy?, Thomas G. Plante, Kathleen Lackey
Psychology
The current investigation evaluated psychological and personality profiles of successful applicants to the deaconate in several Roman Catholic dioceses in California. The MMPI-2 and 16PF were administered to 25 applicants between 2004 and 2006 who subsequently entered the permanent deaconate program. Results indicate that these applicants to the deaconate were generally well-adjusted as well as being socially responsible. Findings also suggest some tendency for defensiveness, repression, naivete, and a strong need for affection, as well as for being emotionally stable, genuine, and cooperative.
From Quasi-Private To Quasi-Public: The Development Of Local Libraries In The United States, 1870-1930, Michael Kevane, William A. Sundstrom
From Quasi-Private To Quasi-Public: The Development Of Local Libraries In The United States, 1870-1930, Michael Kevane, William A. Sundstrom
Economics
The period 1870-1930 witnessed the emergence of the local public library as a widespread and enduring American institution. During these years, access to free community-based library services spread to a much larger share of the U.S. population, while the institutional structure of local libraries underwent a transition from largely quasi-private, voluntary associations to the tax-supported public institutions familiar today. In this paper we describe this transition, and document the expansion of public libraries and library services in the United States over these years, using data drawn from library surveys conducted by the federal Bureau of Education. We then review some …
Are People Getting Crazier?, Thomas G. Plante
Are People Getting Crazier?, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
Terrorism, murder, suicide, drunken driving, addictive gambling, pornography, and religiously inspired violence all provide plenty of evidence that behavioral and emotional problems that are ultimately destructive to self and others are often at the root of so many global, national, and local crises. All these troubles in the world prompt several basic and fundamental questions.
Self-Efficacy Of First-Generation College Students And The Relationship To Academic Performance And College Adjustment, Lucila Ramos-Sánchez, Laura Nichols
Self-Efficacy Of First-Generation College Students And The Relationship To Academic Performance And College Adjustment, Lucila Ramos-Sánchez, Laura Nichols
Sociology
The authors examined whether self-efficacy mediated the relationship between generational status and 2 academic outcome indicators of 192 college students. A mediation effect was not found with either academic performance or college adjustment. However, high self-efficacy at the beginning of the year predicted better college adjustment at the end of the 1st year. For college students in general, high self-efficacy was related to better college adjustment. Recommendations for counselors are discussed.
Habitudes De Lecture Au Burkina Faso, Michael Kevane, Alain Joseph Sissao
Habitudes De Lecture Au Burkina Faso, Michael Kevane, Alain Joseph Sissao
Economics
Personne ne doute du fait que la pratique de la lecture tout au long du cursus scolaire soit un exercice très important pour le développement et la consolidation permanente de l’alphabétisation (1 ; 8 ; 2). Malgré ce consensus, il existe très peu d’études sur les habitudes de lecture des élèves en Afrique. La plupart des recherches se concentrent sur les problèmes des bibliothèques publiques (3 ; 13). Mais nous ne connaissons pas d’études qui analysent ou évaluent véritablement l’influence des bibliothèques sur les habitudes de lecture dans les pays africains. Ce qui est regrettable, car, pour évaluer l’impact des …
Teaching “Straight” Gay And Lesbian History, Nancy Unger
Teaching “Straight” Gay And Lesbian History, Nancy Unger
History
The importance of offering a lesbian and gay American history course was initially impressed upon me in 1986. A newly minted Ph.D., I was teaching my very first class: a U.S. history survey at San Francisco State University (sfsu). The course required each student to review a book of his or her choice on any topic in U.S. history. One student chose John D’Emilio’s Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States, 1940–1970 from my list of suggested titles and wrote a thoughtful, enthusiastic review.1 At the bottom of the review was a handwritten …
The Origins Of U.S. Total Factor Productivity Growth In The Golden Age, Alexander J. Field
The Origins Of U.S. Total Factor Productivity Growth In The Golden Age, Alexander J. Field
Economics
A consideration of TFP growth in the United States during the golden age (1948–1973) raises two related questions: on the one hand why was it so strong and on the other hand, why were TFP growth rates lower than they were during the Depression years (1929–1941)? A continuing downward trend in TFP growth within manufacturing, and its declining share after World War II, provide answers to the latter question. A persisting productivity windfall associated with the build out of the surface road infrastructure helps answer the former question. By adopting a longer historical perspective, we can move beyond understanding the …
Evidence For Universality In Phenomenological Emotion Response System Coherence, David Matsumoto, John B. Nezlek, Birgit Koopmann-Holm
Evidence For Universality In Phenomenological Emotion Response System Coherence, David Matsumoto, John B. Nezlek, Birgit Koopmann-Holm
Psychology
The authors reanalyzed data from Scherer and Wallbott's (Scherer, 1997b; Scherer & Wallbott, 1994) International Study of Emotion Antecedents and Reactions to examine how phenomenological reports of emotional experience, expression, and physiological sensations were related to each other within cultures and to determine if these relationships were moderated by cultural differences, which were operationally defined using Hofstede's (2001) typology. Multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses produced several findings of note. First, the vast majority of the variance in ratings was within countries (i.e., at the individual level); a much smaller proportion of the total variance was between countries. Second, there were …
Contentdm Success Stories For Digital Collection Management, Nadia Nasr
Contentdm Success Stories For Digital Collection Management, Nadia Nasr
Staff publications, research, and presentations
No abstract provided.
Orality And Literacy 25 Years Later, Paul A. Soukup
Orality And Literacy 25 Years Later, Paul A. Soukup
Communication
Given the influence of the series and particularly of Orality and Literacy—“Ong’s most widely known book; translated into 11 other languages” (Farrell, n.d.)—this issue of COMMUNICATION RESEARCH TRENDS looks back at Orality and Literacy: the book, its reception, and its subsequent use in communication studies. Ong’s work certainly influenced more than communication, but to attempt to review all of that runs well beyond the possibility of a focused review. However, TRENDS will attempt to indicate the scope of the influence of Orality and Literacy with several bibliographies. And so, this issue also includes a (most likely incomplete) citation bibliography as …
Un Proyecto De Educacion Ambiental En Torno A La Sequia En Chihuahua: Proceso, Resultados Y Aplicaciones Ulteriores (An Environmental Education Project In The Context Of Drought In Chihuahua: Process, Results And Ulterior Applications), Sara Soledad Garcia, V. Reyes, P. Ocha Tovar
Un Proyecto De Educacion Ambiental En Torno A La Sequia En Chihuahua: Proceso, Resultados Y Aplicaciones Ulteriores (An Environmental Education Project In The Context Of Drought In Chihuahua: Process, Results And Ulterior Applications), Sara Soledad Garcia, V. Reyes, P. Ocha Tovar
Teacher Education
No abstract provided.
Delgadina: Un Imaginario Colectivo Sin Fronteras (Delgadina: A Collective Imaginary Without Borders), Sara Soledad Garcia
Delgadina: Un Imaginario Colectivo Sin Fronteras (Delgadina: A Collective Imaginary Without Borders), Sara Soledad Garcia
Teacher Education
Este ensayo examina la variante y la recepción del romance ''Delgadina" transmutado en un corrido/canción popular mexicana entre la frontera de Mexico y los Estados Unidos, especificamente en las regiones de Chihuahua y El Paso, Texas. Reconociendo la importancia de los estudios anteriores hechos por Beatriz Mariscal acerca de las variantes del romance "Delgadina", recopiladas en El Cancionero General de Cuba(1) , y la interpretación feminista de Maria Herrera Sobek(2), el presente trabajo se ha propuesto abrir nuevas dimensiones en el estudio de este romance tratando sus variantes, su recepción e interpretación en la frontera. Se trata de un intento …
The Equipment Hypothesis And U.S. Economic Growth, Alexander J. Field
The Equipment Hypothesis And U.S. Economic Growth, Alexander J. Field
Economics
In several articles published in the 1990s, de Long and Summers argued that investment in producer durables had a high propensity to generate externalities in using industries, resulting in a systematic and substantial divergence between its social and private return. They maintained, moreover, that this was not the case for structures investment. Together, these claims constitute the equipment hypothesis. This paper explores the degree to which the history of US economic growth in the 20th century supports it.
Agroecología: Promoviendo Una Transición Hacia La Sostenibilidad, Stephen R. Gliessman, Francisco J. Rosado-May, Carlos Guadarrama-Zugasti, Julie Jedlicka, Anais Cohn, Victor Ernesto Méndez, Roseann Cohen, Laura Trujillo, Christopher M. Bacon, Roberta Jaffe
Agroecología: Promoviendo Una Transición Hacia La Sostenibilidad, Stephen R. Gliessman, Francisco J. Rosado-May, Carlos Guadarrama-Zugasti, Julie Jedlicka, Anais Cohn, Victor Ernesto Méndez, Roseann Cohen, Laura Trujillo, Christopher M. Bacon, Roberta Jaffe
Environmental Studies and Sciences
En este artículo se define agroecología como la aplicación de los conceptos y prinicipios ecológicos al diseño y manejo de los sistemas alimentarios sostenibles. Se presentan los argumentos principales que sostienen la validez, importancia y pertinencia del enfoque agroecológico, no solo para entender los procesos involucrados en la producción de alimentos, sino para proponer alternativas que conduzcan a esos procesos para operar en sistemas sostenibles. El concepto clave, que guía el razonamiento metodológico y epistemológico en este an álisis, es el de sostenibilidad. Para alcanzar sostenibilidad la metodología agroecológica no solo se ancla en la Ecología, lo cual se describe …
Predicting The Use Of Campus Counseling Services For Asian/Pacific Islander, Latino/Hispanic, And White Students: Problem Severity, Gender, And Generational Status, Kieran T. Sullivan, Lucila Ramos-Sánchez, Stephanie D. Mciver
Predicting The Use Of Campus Counseling Services For Asian/Pacific Islander, Latino/Hispanic, And White Students: Problem Severity, Gender, And Generational Status, Kieran T. Sullivan, Lucila Ramos-Sánchez, Stephanie D. Mciver
Psychology
The purpose of the current study was to identify predictors of counseling center use among Asian, Latino/a, and White college students. Findings indicated that females and second generation students report the most severe difficulties. Problem severity and gender predicted counseling center use for White and Asian students, whereas only problem severity predicted use for Latino students. Generational status was not a significant predictor of use for any group.
Increasing Retention Of Women Engineering Students, Kieran T. Sullivan, Ruth Davis
Increasing Retention Of Women Engineering Students, Kieran T. Sullivan, Ruth Davis
Psychology
This paper reports the results of a study carried out over several years to determine the factors predicting success for women engineering students at Santa Clara University. We examined psychosocial factors, such as commitment to engineering and confidence in engineering abilities, as well as the effect of a specific intervention on the retention rate of young women engineering students.
The Impact Of College Student Immersion Service Learning Trips On Coping With Stress And Vocational Identity, Brad A. Mills, Richard B. Bersamina, Thomas G. Plante
The Impact Of College Student Immersion Service Learning Trips On Coping With Stress And Vocational Identity, Brad A. Mills, Richard B. Bersamina, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
This study examined the impact of service learning immersion trips on vocational identity and coping with stress among college students. Fifty-one students (15 males, 36 females) who participated in immersion trips and 76 students (25 males, 51 females) in a non-immersion control group completed a series of questionnaires directly before and immediately after both fall and spring break immersion trips, and during a four-month follow up. Results suggest that, after returning from an immersion trip, students report a greater ability to cope with stress and a somewhat stronger sense of vocational identity relative to students who do not participate in …
The Digital Divide, Chad Raphael
The Digital Divide, Chad Raphael
Communication
Many have argued that inequalities of access to the Internet in an information-driven society pose a serious social problem and that public investment is needed to solve it. Others contend that the digital divide is a minor concern that will resolve itself without government involvement and spending. The positions we take on this debate depend upon our understanding of how new technologies spread throughout society, whether we think Internet access is a frill or a necessity, and our vision of whether government can and ought to help broaden access.