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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
What Does It Take To Motivate Better Performance And Productivity In The Federal Workplace? Ask The Employees., Sue Ann Frank
What Does It Take To Motivate Better Performance And Productivity In The Federal Workplace? Ask The Employees., Sue Ann Frank
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
The federal government is often criticized for performance that fails to meet the public's expectations. Its traditional pay system receives much of the blame for rewarding seniority instead of performance. While everyone agrees that performance matters, they don't always agree on the best way to improve it. My research investigates human resource management strategies designed to motivate better performance and productivity. Specifically, I examine the credibility and feasibility of implementing pay for performance throughout the federal government and identify ways that managers can promote greater productivity through human capital investment. I conduct an extensive review of work motivation theories and …
Towards A Theory Of Clergy Executive Compensation, Nicholas L B Harvey
Towards A Theory Of Clergy Executive Compensation, Nicholas L B Harvey
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Previous research in organizational theory, labor market economics, and nonprofit studies are applied to churches and their clergy leadership in advancing a theory of clergy executive compensation. The data for this study come from the end of year reports from approximately 800 local churches of the North Georgia Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church for the years 2007-2008 and a survey administered in order to glean the personal characteristics of the clergy. The investigation employs a clergy compensation framework and finds that clergy salaries are influenced in part by personal characteristics, human capital, organizational elements, labor market factors, and …
Mitigating And Preparing For Disasters: A Survey Of Memphis Organizations, Abdul-Akeem Ademola Sadiq
Mitigating And Preparing For Disasters: A Survey Of Memphis Organizations, Abdul-Akeem Ademola Sadiq
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Disaster researchers have established the determinants of preparedness and mitigation at the household level of analysis. However, at the organizational level, there is limited research and no theory to guide research on the determinants of preparedness and mitigation. The main goal of this study is to answer the question "what are the determinants of mitigation and preparedness at the organizational level?" The data come from a survey of 227 organizations in Memphis, Tennessee. This study uses Tobit regression technique to identify the determinants. This study finds that organizational size and concern over disaster impact are strong positive determinants of mitigation …
Uses And Nonuses Of Patented Inventions, Taehyun Jung
Uses And Nonuses Of Patented Inventions, Taehyun Jung
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Innovation comprises the processes of invention and commercialization. While the importance of innovation, especially commercialization, has been widely recognized, existing studies have largely overlooked the commercialization process. By examining the determinants of uses and nonuses of patented inventions from firms at the levels of technology, organization, and project/invention, this study attempts to help fill a critical gap in the literature. In doing so, it enriches theoretical understandings of innovation and, in particular, builds on the evolutionary explanation of technology development, the Teecian framework on profiting from innovation, Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), the Knowledge-Based View (KBV), and open innovation and innovation …
New Public Management And Governance Collide: Federal-Level Performance Measurement In Networked Public Management Networks, Amy S. Degroff
New Public Management And Governance Collide: Federal-Level Performance Measurement In Networked Public Management Networks, Amy S. Degroff
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to investigate the implications of networked public management on the design, implementation, and utilization of federal performance measurement systems. A multiple, instrumental case study of four public health programs funded by CDC and implemented nationally through vertical and horizontal network structures was conducted. Cross-case findings suggest that the networked implementation structures for the four federal-level, public health programs have important implications for the design of the performance measurement systems. Specifically, the performance measurement systems were affected by four consequences of the implementation networks: the political influence of collaborative stakeholders; network variability; dependencies on voluntary, …
International Research Collaboration, Research Team Performance, And Scientific And Technological Capabilities In Colombia: A Bottom-Up Perspective, Gonzalo Ordonez-Matamoros
International Research Collaboration, Research Team Performance, And Scientific And Technological Capabilities In Colombia: A Bottom-Up Perspective, Gonzalo Ordonez-Matamoros
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This dissertation examines the ways international research collaboration affects the ability of Colombian research teams to produce bibliographic outputs, and to contribute to local knowledge. Research hypotheses are tested using Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression models to account for the effects of international research collaboration on team output while controlling for team characteristics, partner characteristics, scientific discipline, sector, the characteristics of the teams' home institution, and team location. The study uses control groups and the Propensity Score Matching approach to assess the overall impact of international research collaboration on research team performance while controlling for the effects of endogeneity and …
Uncompensated Care Provision And The Economic Behavior Of Hospitals: The Influence Of The Regulatory Environment, Lei Zhang
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This dissertation project examines the effect of various state regulations such as Certificate-of-Need (CON) regulation, uncompensated care pools and community benefit requirement laws on hospital provision of uncompensated care and analyzes both for-profit and non-profit hospitals¡¯ responsiveness to the regulatory environment. The analysis of these regulations uses panel data econometric methods for a sample of hospitals in 17 states from 2002 to 2004. This study overcomes the limits of previous research that focused primarily on the effect of a single regulation in a given state. It uses three estimation methods: pooled Ordinary Least Squares (pooled OLS), random effects generalized least …
Setting Discretionary Fiscal Policy Within The Limits Of Budgetary Institutions: Evidence From American State Governments, Hai Guo
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Unanticipated economic fluctuations exert pressure on state governments to adjust their discretionary fiscal policies to accommodate the changing fiscal situation. Even though states adjust fiscal policy as the economy fluctuates, the typical cyclical economic factors are not the sole determinant of such adjustments. State governments budgeting systems in the United States operate under a variety of budgetary institutions. The most prominent state government budgetary institutions include balanced budget rules (BBRs), tax and expenditure limits (TELs), and supermajority voting requirements for tax increases. This dissertation examines how these budgetary institutions affect state government choices of fiscal policy under different economic conditions. …
Housing Tenure, Property Rights, And Urban Development In Developing Countries, Ignacio Antonio Navarro
Housing Tenure, Property Rights, And Urban Development In Developing Countries, Ignacio Antonio Navarro
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
The dissertation explores how distinctive institutional factors related to property rights determine urban development patterns and housing tenure modalities in a developing economy context. The first part proposes a choice-theoretic model that explains the existence of the Antichresis contractual arrangement as a way to temporarily divide property rights. The model explains why the Antichresis contract dominates the Periodic-Rent contract in terms of landlord profits for certain types of property in which the gains in expected profits from solving the problem of adverse selection of tenants offset the loss of expected profits created by the moral hazard in landlords investments. The …
Evaluation Of Emergency Response: Humanitarian Aid Agencies And Evaluation Influence, Monica Labelle Oliver
Evaluation Of Emergency Response: Humanitarian Aid Agencies And Evaluation Influence, Monica Labelle Oliver
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Organizational development is a central purpose of evaluation. Disasters and other emergency situations carry with them significant implications for evaluation, given that they are often unanticipated and involve multiple relief efforts on the part of INGOs, governments and international organizations. Two particularly common reasons for INGOs to evaluate disaster relief efforts are 1) accountability to donors and 2) desire to enhance the organization's response capacity. This thesis endeavors briefly to review the state of the evaluation field for disaster relief so as to reflect on how it needs to go forward. The conclusion is that evaluation of disaster relief efforts …
The Effects Of Networks On Institution Selection By Foreign Doctoral Students In The U.S., Zeynep Esra Tanyildiz
The Effects Of Networks On Institution Selection By Foreign Doctoral Students In The U.S., Zeynep Esra Tanyildiz
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
The United States has been a very attractive destination for foreign science and engineering graduate students and postdoctoral scholars for a considerable period of time. Despite the important role of foreign doctoral students in the U.S, relatively little is known about the factors influencing their decision to attend an institution. One factor that is rarely explored is the effect of networks on institution selection. This study aims to provide both qualitative and quantitative information about the role networks play in foreign doctoral students institution selection. This three-part study utilizes different methodologies: (1) focus group interviews conducted with Turkish doctoral students …
Determinants Of New Technology-Based Firms’ Performance In Catch-Up Regions: Evidence From The U.S. Biopharmaceutical And It Service Industries, Wenbin Xiao
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This study investigates the impacts of regional characteristics on the early-stage performance of New Technology-Based Firms (NTBFs) in catch-up regions where a mature industrial cluster has yet to be formed. It hypothesized that the average NTBF performance in a region is a function of its scientist job market conditions, cultural diversity, venture capital, academic research, industrial structure, and local entrepreneurial climate. Using the events of Initial Public Offerings (IPO) and Merger & Acquisitions (M&A) as an indicator of early-stage success of NTBFs, this study constructs a set of Zero-Inflated-Negative-Binomial (ZINB) models to predict the spatial distribution of such events in …
Does Patient-Centered Care Affect Racial Disparities In Health?, Catherine Putnam Slade
Does Patient-Centered Care Affect Racial Disparities In Health?, Catherine Putnam Slade
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This thesis presents a challenge to policy initiatives that presume that patient-centered care will reduce racial disparities in health. Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were used to test patient assessment of provider behavior defined as patient-centered care according to the National Health Disparities Report of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the Department of Health and Human Services. Results indicated patient-centered care improves self-rated health status, but blacks still report worse health status than whites experiencing comparable patient-centered care. Further, black-white differences in patient-centered care had no affect on health status. Rival theories of black-white differences …
Essays On The Evaluation Of Land Use Policy: The Effects Of Regulatory Protection On Land Use And Social Welfare, Kwaw Senyi Andam
Essays On The Evaluation Of Land Use Policy: The Effects Of Regulatory Protection On Land Use And Social Welfare, Kwaw Senyi Andam
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Societies frequently implement land use policies to regulate resource extraction or to regulate development. However, two important policy questions remain unresolved. First, how effective are land use regulations? Second, how do land use regulations affect socioeconomic conditions? Three issues complicate the evaluation of land use policies: (1) overt bias may lead to incorrect estimates of policy effects if implementation is nonrandom; (2) the policy may affect outcomes in neighboring unregulated lands; and (3) unobservable differences between regulated and unregulated lands may lead to biased assessments. Previous evaluations of land use policies fail to address these sources of bias simultaneously. In …
Do Different Expenditure Mechanisms Invite Different Influences? Evidence From Research Expenditures Of The National Institutes Of Health, Jungbu Kim
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This study examines 1) whether the different expenditure mechanisms used by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) invite different sources of influences on the budget process and thus on the expenditure outcomes and 2) whether the frequent use of omnibus appropriations bills since 1996 has changed budget levels of the institutes under the NIH. The NIH uses two major expenditure mechanisms with very different beneficiary groups: the principal investigator-initiated Research Project Grants and Intramural Research. Drawing on theories of motivations of public officials and of political clout of agency heads and considering empirical studies of the effect of omnibus legislation, …
Overcoming The "Do-Gooder Fallacy": Explaining The Adoption Of Effectiveness Best Practices In Philanthropic Foundations, Shena Renee Ashley
Overcoming The "Do-Gooder Fallacy": Explaining The Adoption Of Effectiveness Best Practices In Philanthropic Foundations, Shena Renee Ashley
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
An adoption model was proposed to examine the influence of four types of organizational factors- organizational capacity, organizational structure, operating environment and grantmaking orientation- on the adoption of four effectiveness best practices, formal evaluation, knowledge management, leadership development and operating grants in philanthropic foundations. Data were collected from a national survey of foundations and the Foundation Center database. The results indicate that the grantmaking orientation of a foundation is the greatest indicator of adoptive behavior. Furthermore, capacity constraints are most relevant to the adoption decision when the adopting practice requires significant investments of time, money and expertise. Given the social …
Public School Responses To Charter School Presence, Nevbahar Ertas
Public School Responses To Charter School Presence, Nevbahar Ertas
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
As charter schools continue to proliferate across United States, their impact on the public education system is becoming an increasingly important public policy question. Charter school proponents argue that combined pressures of consumer choice and market competition will induce traditional public schools to respond by providing higher quality education and promoting innovation and equity. Skeptics worry that charter schools pose risks of segregating students by race and economic level, and reducing per-pupil resources available to traditional public schools. This dissertation provides a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of charter schools on regular public schools by addressing the following questions: 1) …
A Study To Develop Strategies For Proactive Water-Loss Management, Hyun Jung Park
A Study To Develop Strategies For Proactive Water-Loss Management, Hyun Jung Park
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Water conservation is one of the important policy concerns. However, most water conservation practices have focused primarily on reducing use by customers. Since a large amount of water lost in supply systems causes water providers to lose money, resources, and reliability, and the current passive approach cannot deal with water losses effectively, a proactive approach is necessary for water-loss management. The goal of this study is to help policymakers and water utilities develop strategies that proactively solve water losses. To develop strategies for water-loss management, it is essential to identify key factors that determine the level of water losses as …
The Influence Of Organizational Culture On The Implementation Of Succession Planning, Lori Powers Fancher
The Influence Of Organizational Culture On The Implementation Of Succession Planning, Lori Powers Fancher
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Succession planning is perhaps one of the hottest topics today as a result of ethical issues, compensation, development and implementation. Global organizations faced with fast-paced change can no longer afford long, lengthy internal development of an heir apparent. However, those organizations who seek faster, external executive hires have found it no panacea as organizational culture often trumps talent and industry experience. Recent research points to those who do internal succession well, with little disruption and ready change depend on their ability to execute plans (Charan & Colvin, 1999, 2001). A qualitative study was conducted with 30 participants of executive and …
Two Essays On Corporate Income Taxes And Organizational Forms In The United States, Zhenhua Hu
Two Essays On Corporate Income Taxes And Organizational Forms In The United States, Zhenhua Hu
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Corporate income taxation has a profound impact on economic behavior in the United States. This dissertation focuses on two aspects: the impact of dividend taxation on investment and the impact of corporate income tax exemption on nonprofit organizations activity. The first essay compares dividend payout ratios of C and S corporations to test the validity of the traditional and the new views on dividend taxation. Average corporate income tax rate is used as an instrumental variable. The results support the traditional view. The second essay focuses on whether the exemption of nonprofit organizations from the corporate income tax affects the …
The Effect Of Linkages On Science And Technology At Historically Black Colleges And Universities, Kathryn T. Brice
The Effect Of Linkages On Science And Technology At Historically Black Colleges And Universities, Kathryn T. Brice
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) face the 21st century with questions about change and adaptation to an increasingly science and technology oriented society. They face the challenge of finding a strategy by which they can utilize current resources and energy to maximize their science and technology development. Using a mixed methods research design, this study conducted an analysis of science and technology at HBCUs. The primary objective was to determine what theories (when implemented they are termed strategies) account for the development of science and technology at successful research oriented HBCUs. This was accomplished through a secondary objective – …
Toward An Understanding Of The Revenue Of Nonprofit Organizations, Christopher Scott Horne
Toward An Understanding Of The Revenue Of Nonprofit Organizations, Christopher Scott Horne
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
Understanding the composition and distribution of the revenue of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) is key to understanding NPOs themselves. This research uses revenue data for 87,127 charitable NPOs to draw three main conclusions. First, revenue structures of NPOs vary widely by subsector and organizational size, with many NPOs demonstrating revenue structures that might be considered uncharacteristic of the nonprofit sector. Second, despite the concerns of many nonprofit scholars, heavy dependence on either government funding or charitable contributions is atypical of NPOs. And third, nonprofit revenue is highly concentrated in relatively few NPOs. The description of revenue expands to examine the relationship …
The Effect Of Proximity To Commercial Uses On Residential Prices, John William Matthews
The Effect Of Proximity To Commercial Uses On Residential Prices, John William Matthews
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
As distance from a house to retail sites decreases the price of a house should increase, ceteris paribus, because of increased shopping convenience. On the other hand, as distance decreases price should also decrease because the house is exposed to increased spillover of disamenities – noise, light, traffic, etc. – from the retail use. The study uses Computer Assisted Mass Appraisal data and a parcel level Geographic Information system map from King County (Seattle) Washington. An hedonic process is used to estimate the price effects of both the expected positive and negative price effects. Travel distance is a proxy for …
Predicting The Effects Of Extrinsic And Intrinsic Job Factors On Overall Job Satisfaction For Generation X And Baby Boomers In A Regional Healthcare Organization, Cheryl J. Curry
Public Management and Policy Dissertations
This dissertation investigates the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic job factors on overall employee job satisfaction for two generation cohort groups, Baby Boomers and Generation X, in a small rural healthcare organization. Eight job factors were selected for the study, reflecting popular characteristics associated with the two groups. The job factors were classified as intrinsic or extrinsic using Hertzberg’s two-factor theory. Intrinsic factors studied were: work itself, promotion, and recognition. Extrinsic factors studied were: pay, supervision, people, technology, and work-family balance. The Job Descriptive Index (JDI) scale was used to assess employee satisfaction with certain job factors; work itself, promotion, …