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Articles 1 - 27 of 27
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Policy Administration And Political Rights;The Experiences Of High-Level Women In The Kuwaiti Government, Hani A. Alsarraf
Policy Administration And Political Rights;The Experiences Of High-Level Women In The Kuwaiti Government, Hani A. Alsarraf
ETD Archive
Women in Kuwait were traditionally excluded from the formulation of public policy because they lacked political rights. In mid 2005, women received the right to vote and to run for office. There is little known today about the influence of these political rights on women who work with the implementation of public policies in the higher administrative levels of government. Little is known specifically about the influence of the franchise on promotion of women to high administrative posts. The purpose of this study is to lay a foundation for research on the factors that encourage women's access to high positions …
Occupations, A Diaspora, And The Design Of Local Governments For A Palestinian State, Wasim Al-Habil
Occupations, A Diaspora, And The Design Of Local Governments For A Palestinian State, Wasim Al-Habil
ETD Archive
The forces that shape administrative structures include the goals and objectives of minority and majority groups, modern management principles, and a legacy or history in which domestic political factions have gradually accepted rules and roles for mutual tolerance and inclusion. However, this process can be muted or redefined in societies where centuries of occupation and dispersion "short-circuit" maturation processes and introduce non-indigenous systems externally imposed without any level of popular acceptance or active citizenship participation. In these environments, as new states emerge, their task of building local government institutions requires a clear understanding of indigenous systems and institutions. What must …
The Impact Of Local Historical Designation On Residential Property Value;An Analysis Of Three Slow-Growth And Three Fast-Growth Central Cities In The United States, Akram M. Ijla
ETD Archive
Historic designation is thought to have a role in neighborhood economic and community development. Local designation of historic districts is increasingly used as a tool to revitalize deteriorated neighborhoods and to protect endangered historical districts. A number of limitations in several previous studies have made policy development as well as a complete assessment of the impact of designation difficult. Some past studies focused only on historic neighborhoods in one city or one state other studies have tested the impact of historic designation in general without distinguishing between local, state, or federal designation. Lastly, several earlier studies have also relied on …
The Influence Of Research Universities On Technology-Based Regional Economic Development, Iryna V. Lendel
The Influence Of Research Universities On Technology-Based Regional Economic Development, Iryna V. Lendel
ETD Archive
Universities are frequently assumed to be essential contributors to regional economic development although conclusive evidence that universities trigger economic growth within their region does not exist. This dissertation presents a model that characterizes the influence of university research on regional economic outcomes, changes of total regional employment and gross metropolitan product. The model controls for industry research activity and incorporates differences in regional industrial organization. The model compares the influence of university research and industry research on changes of regional employment and gross metropolitan product during the expansion (1998-2001) and contraction (2002-2004) phases of the business cycle and over the …
Public Sector Reforms And Managing Change In Botswana;The Case Of Performance Management System (Pms), Bashi Mothusi
Public Sector Reforms And Managing Change In Botswana;The Case Of Performance Management System (Pms), Bashi Mothusi
ETD Archive
Although public sector reforms have been embraced voluntarily in Botswana, no attempt has been made by scholars and practioners to assess the effect of such interventions and their relationship with the culture that shapes and influences people's behaviour within public organizations. The evaluation of programs and policies formulated and implemented since the attainment of political independence in September 1966 rarely makes reference to the manner in which organizational culture affects the attainment of goals and objectives specified under such interventions. Hence, this study sought to understand the relationship between public sector reforms undertaken in Botswana, particularly Performance Management System (PMS) …
Tenuous Legitimacy;The Administrative State, The Antigovernment Movement, And The Stability Of The United States Constitutional Democracy, Shelly L. Peffer
Tenuous Legitimacy;The Administrative State, The Antigovernment Movement, And The Stability Of The United States Constitutional Democracy, Shelly L. Peffer
ETD Archive
The public administration literature is inundated with books and articles despairing about the legitimacy crisis in the field. There have been numerous bases proposed for legitimizing the administrative state, including expertise, virtue or public service, and leadership and vision. Yet the issue remains contested, and the lack of agreement has wide reaching implications. One under-examined implication is the role that this tenuous legitimacy has in weakening the administrative state's ability to temper anti-government sentiment. This dissertation explores the connections and patterns in the ideologies, actions, and philosophical foundations of strongly held views that the administrative state is an illegitimate democratic …
Catharine Macaulay And The Liberal And Republican Origins Of American Public Administration, Lisa Thomas
Catharine Macaulay And The Liberal And Republican Origins Of American Public Administration, Lisa Thomas
ETD Archive
This dissertation utilizes the history of ideas to explore the philosophy of Catharine Macaulay, an eighteenth-century historian and philosopher, for application to contemporary American Public Administration. Macaulay's view of human nature is paradoxical. Her characterization of man as corrupt and seduced by power is countered by her view that man is perfectible and capable of good works. The darker side of Macaulay's vision supports government that checks power through the expansion of democracy, advocates the separation of powers, and adheres to the rule of law. In this respect she resembles a Lockean liberal. The more magnanimous side of Macaulay reveres …
Learning From Crime Dramas, Bridget E. Rubenking
Learning From Crime Dramas, Bridget E. Rubenking
ETD Archive
As the authors of the Transportation-Imagery Model (Green & Brock, 2000 2002) often state, much attention has been paid to the effects of persuasive communications, frequently at the cost of studying the effects that narratives have on individuals' real-world beliefs. This study is primarily interested in examining the role that transportation and presence - along with a host of related variables - play in individuals adopting story-consistent beliefs based on entertainment narratives. A secondary goal of the study is to explore the similarities and differences between transportation (Green & Brock, 2000) and presence (Lombard & Ditton, 1997 Wirth et al. …
Visit Versus Purchase, Comparing Internet Shopper Clusters, Farahnaz L. Khan
Visit Versus Purchase, Comparing Internet Shopper Clusters, Farahnaz L. Khan
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not differences occurred in how individuals visited and purchased products from the Internet. The study utilized data administered through an online survey to 441 individuals in the United States. The survey included items regarding general Internet use, website visit and purchase behavior, preferred website attributes, innovativeness, trust, presence, and demographics. Two cluster solutions were identified from the sample by clustering individuals based on website product categories visited and purchased separately. A new technique known as PermuCluster 1.0 was employed to enhance the stability of the cluster solutions. Results revealed that …
Relationship Between Believed Causes Of Depression And Social Distance, Samantha Jean Tomsick
Relationship Between Believed Causes Of Depression And Social Distance, Samantha Jean Tomsick
ETD Archive
The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between causal explanations for depression and the social distance individuals would desire from a depressed person in order to clarify whether changes to existing public awareness campaigns concerning depression might be warranted. The sample used consisted of 223 students attending a university in a large mid-western city. Each participant received a vignette that described an individual suffering from depressive symptoms and also included information regarding whether these symptoms were caused by psychosocial or biological factors. The subjects then completed a survey incorporating questions from the modified version of the …
Navigating The Paradoxes Of Working From Home, Susan L. Rosiek
Navigating The Paradoxes Of Working From Home, Susan L. Rosiek
ETD Archive
Many of today's organizational employees are turning to flexible work programs, such as telework, to help them balance their work and life responsibilities. Previous research indicates working from home has positive effects, but the same research reveals telework can have a negative impact on work-life balance. There are gaps in the amount and variety of theoretical development in the area of telework. The goal of this research study was to extend the scope of telework analysis beyond technology use by exploring the various tensions teleworkers encounter when working from home, learn how teleworkers alter their communication practices to deal with …
Religiosity And Successful Aging, Jessica L. York
Religiosity And Successful Aging, Jessica L. York
ETD Archive
There has been an increasing amount of elderly individuals who have avoided the crippling health and physical problems that appear to vex so much of the older adult population. These successful agers have also learned to cope more effectively with both the normative and traumatic stressors they encounter over time. Successful aging has been defined in numerous ways and studied in a variety of contexts. This study set to define successful aging in terms of anxiety, depression, and subjective well-being, while also examining the relationship of successful aging with religiosity. The fundamental goal of this study was to examine the …
Examining The Social And Emotional Impact Of Substance Use On The Users' Family Members, Steven Phillip Beyer
Examining The Social And Emotional Impact Of Substance Use On The Users' Family Members, Steven Phillip Beyer
ETD Archive
Alcohol use is a multibillion dollar problem in the United States that has been linked to higher rates of anxiety, depression and maladjustment within families. Most studies examining the impact of alcohol use in these areas focus on individuals within treatment facilities. This study extended that research to examine the effects of social and emotional effects of alcohol use on a greater sample of the population, the family members of alcohol users. This study examined the relationships between family alcohol use and higher rates of depression, anxiety, and maladjustment. The data was expected to follow one of two general patterns. …
I'Ll See You On Myspace, Carolyn M. Kane
I'Ll See You On Myspace, Carolyn M. Kane
ETD Archive
Social network sites like MySpace and Facebook are a popular online venue for interaction and expression. This study was designed to identify the ways in which people present themselves online in the social network environment of MySpace.com. To examine the types of self-presentation displayed in MySpace profiles, this study drew from current online research, self-presentation theory (Goffman, 1959 Jones, 1990), nonverbal traditions, and the field of visual communication to develop a novel measurement scheme which could be used to analyze photographic and textual elements. Content analysis of a random sample of public profiles selected from MySpace.com focused primarily on the …
The Influence Of Humor On Approach And Avoidance Motivation, Stuart Jenkins Daman
The Influence Of Humor On Approach And Avoidance Motivation, Stuart Jenkins Daman
ETD Archive
Approach and avoidance motivation have been used to study many phenomena, but no research has yet investigated the influence of humor on approach and avoidance motivation. The feelings associated with humor are also associated with situations high in safety and low in threat. These sorts of situations are likely to result in decreases in avoidance motivation. Participants viewed either a humorous video clip or a mundane video clip and then completed a series of self-report measures to assess levels of approach and avoidance motivation. Contrary to expectations, composites of measures of approach and avoidance motivation were not influenced by the …
Myspace Or Ourspace: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Analysis Of Myspace Comments, Bettina Lunk
Myspace Or Ourspace: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Analysis Of Myspace Comments, Bettina Lunk
ETD Archive
The goal of the current study was to compare users from two distinct cultures to examine the extent to which they communicate differently through MySpace comments and to see how such differences might relate to their cultural background and biological sex. For this purpose, Hofstede's theories of individualism/collectivism and masculinity/femininity and Ting-Toomey's face negotiation theory were used as frameworks. Content analysis was performed on 150 Hungarian and 150 American randomly selected MySpace comments. One-way ANOVAs and crosstabulations showed some significant differences and similarities between Hungarian and American MySpace comments. Real-life cultural differences and sex-linked differences were found to be reflected …
A Contextual Examination Of St. Anselm's Ontological Argument, Amanda C. Hammill
A Contextual Examination Of St. Anselm's Ontological Argument, Amanda C. Hammill
ETD Archive
Messages are more effective when framed to be congruent with individuals' approach/avoidance motivation (Sherman, Mann, & Updegraff, 2006). Two experiments explored whether congruency might also effect consumer reactions by examining whether person-message fit enhances enjoyment of taste of a product, increases how fluid an advertisement is perceived to be, and heightens one's willingness to buy a product and the overall product value. Study 1 demonstrated a congruency effect, where avoidance motivation scores positively predicted perceptions of taste/enjoyment of a sugar-free food, but only when the product advertisement was loss-framed. In the loss-frame condition, higher avoidance scores also related to increased …
Catching The Video Virus, Trupti Guha
Catching The Video Virus, Trupti Guha
ETD Archive
In the process of computer-mediated exchange, some online videos travel from one person to another resulting in the process of diffusion of the video. However, there are very few empirical investigations of the audience involved in the process. This exploratory research employs Rogers' diffusion of innovations as a theoretical framework to study online video users. Theories from social networks on tie strength and homophily are applied to create an integrated diffusion model. Based on survey data from college students, online video audience was profiled in two ways: one based on individual characteristics and another on activities with video content. Participants …
Employing Strategy In Measures Of Executive Functioning, Amanda A. Yocum
Employing Strategy In Measures Of Executive Functioning, Amanda A. Yocum
ETD Archive
Although various dementia-related executive deficits have been identified, the functional state of the frontal lobe during healthy aging remains unclear (Raz et al., 2005). The proposed study examines the use of strategy in measures of executive functioning in younger and older adults. Specifically, the strategy types of a nonverbal fluency task are shown to differentially correlate with the actual output generated by participants. The strategies employed here are compared between the two age groups, illustrating that older adults use the best strategy significantly less than younger adults, even when controlling for output differences, which may support the frontal lobe hypothesis …
The Role Of Acceptance And Pain Intensity In Chronic Pain Disability And Physical Functioning, Lisa Lukwinski Ferguson
The Role Of Acceptance And Pain Intensity In Chronic Pain Disability And Physical Functioning, Lisa Lukwinski Ferguson
ETD Archive
Chronic pain is a wide spread, debilitating disorder. With the development of Relational Frame Theory, the pathological nature of avoidance behaviors has been brought to the forefront of chronic pain research and acceptance based therapies are being extensively studied. Although interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation programs draw from a variety of disciplines, they incorporate many components of acceptance therapy. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between chronic pain acceptance, pain intensity, disability, and physical functioning. This study sought to answer the following questions: 1) Do patients who complete an interdisciplinary chronic pain rehabilitation program differ from …
Validation Of The Pns-Q-Self And The Pns-Q-Informant For The Assessment Of Insight In Schizophrenia, Jaime Lauren Deyling
Validation Of The Pns-Q-Self And The Pns-Q-Informant For The Assessment Of Insight In Schizophrenia, Jaime Lauren Deyling
ETD Archive
The use of self-report measures in the assessment of schizophrenic patients has yielded mixed results because many patients lack insight. The Positive and Negative Symptoms Questionnaire (PNS-Q-Self) is a self-report measure for the assessment of insight in schizophrenia symptoms. The present study extended this measure by assessing an informant version of this scale, the PNS-Q-Informant. This was achieved by administering the PNS-Q-Self and the PNS-Q-Informant together with the McEvoy Vignettes (McEvoy, 1989). The results show that both the PNS-Q-Self and the PNS-Q-Informant exhibit high internal consistency for both positive and negative subscales. The correlations between the two scales were mixed, …
The Effects Of Opiod And Benzodiazepine Weaning On Cognitive Ability In The Context Of A Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program, Daniel M. Fishman
The Effects Of Opiod And Benzodiazepine Weaning On Cognitive Ability In The Context Of A Chronic Pain Rehabilitation Program, Daniel M. Fishman
ETD Archive
Pain is a component of many disease processes however in some cases, when pain becomes a chronic condition it can become the problem itself. It can be a debilitating condition which is emotionally and economically costly to the individual, his or her family, and societies as a whole. Theories of pain have evolved over the last several decades to incorporate a Biopsychosocial Model of Pain. The biological portion of the model relies on The Gate Control Theory of Pain, although some emerging research points to a Neuromatrix model. As is suggested by the term, Biopsychosocial Model of Pain, the biologic …
Worship Styles, Music And Social Identity, Terri Lynne Johnson
Worship Styles, Music And Social Identity, Terri Lynne Johnson
ETD Archive
This study explored worship style, music and social identity from a communication perspective. Specifically, this study was interested in understanding the variables that influence worship music preference. Results indicated that Missouri Synod Lutherans who prefer traditional worship components identify more strongly with the larger organization, the Lutheran Church Missouri Synod (LCMS). Moreover, music preference strongly predicts worship style preference. In addition, parishioners perception of self-disclosure in hymns and praise songs was also examined. Results indicated that certain dimensions of self-disclosure are more prevalent in hymns and praise songs than others and perceived self-disclosure is stronger with those who attend a …
The Effect Of Priming Death Anxiety On Future Time Orientation And Procrastination, Elizabeth A. Deyling
The Effect Of Priming Death Anxiety On Future Time Orientation And Procrastination, Elizabeth A. Deyling
ETD Archive
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between death anxiety and future time orientation among procrastinators. Eight-five students from Cleveland State University participated in the experiment. Participants first completed the Aitken Procrastination Inventory then one of three questionnaires (Revised Death Anxiety Scale, Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, or control), depending on the randomly assigned condition. Then all participants completed the Future Time Orientation Scale, a manipulation check, a goal exercise, and a demographic questionnaire. An exit questionnaire, used as a behavioral assessment of procrastination, was handed out at the end of the experiment. The results showed that showed …
Minority Student Perceptions Of The Veterinary Profession: Factors Influencing Choices Of Health Careers, Evan M. Morse
Minority Student Perceptions Of The Veterinary Profession: Factors Influencing Choices Of Health Careers, Evan M. Morse
ETD Archive
The lack of racial and ethnic diversity in the profession of veterinary medicine is widely recognized. Despite this recognition, minority representation in veterinary colleges remains very low. No demographic data shows exactly how many minority veterinarians exist however, Elmore (2003) extrapolated numbers from recent graduates and suggested that about 91 of all veterinarians in the United States were white, 5 were Hispanic, 2 were African American, 1 were Asian/Pacific Islander, and less than 1 were American Indian/Alaskan Native. For minority groups, these percentages are significantly lower than the racial distribution in the population of the United States. Limited progress has …
The Influence Of Customer Relationship Management To Customer Satisfaction And Retention In Propery And Casualty Insurance, Brooke Ellen Lyttle
The Influence Of Customer Relationship Management To Customer Satisfaction And Retention In Propery And Casualty Insurance, Brooke Ellen Lyttle
ETD Archive
Customer relationship management (CRM) emerged in the 1990's, promising to revolutionize the business and customer dynamic. At present, CRM has yet to live up to its promise of individualized customer relationships with carefully targeted customers. In property and casualty insurance, customer and insurer relationships are important. It is more cost effective to retain current customers than to acquire new ones. This thesis explores the history of CRM and how its proper implementation can help identify areas of customer satisfaction and retention in the property and casualty insurance industry. Data were collected from a regional property and casualty insurer and analyzed …
Neural Correlates Of Déjà Vu And Dissociation: The Roles Of The Amygdala And Hippocampus In The Prevalence Of Deja Vu Used As An Indicator For The Severity Of Dissociation And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, James R. Pontau
ETD Archive
The phenomenon of déjà vu is one that is poorly understood while posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex diagnosis and presentation of symptoms. Both of these presentations are influenced by amygdala and hippocampus regions of the brain. As such, this study demonstrated through correlational analyses that there are significant relationships between components of each that can be utilized to aid in determining the likely-hood of PTSD and dissociative symptoms. A unique negative relationship was also presented between deǰa vu and PTSD and dissociative assessment scores. Discussion of these relationships and future investigations are also discussed