Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Psychology (19)
- Environmental Studies (13)
- Anthropology (12)
- Environmental Sciences (12)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (12)
-
- Arts and Humanities (8)
- Environmental Health and Protection (8)
- Geography (8)
- Life Sciences (8)
- Nature and Society Relations (8)
- Social and Cultural Anthropology (8)
- Sustainability (7)
- Natural Resources and Conservation (5)
- Sociology (5)
- Physical and Environmental Geography (4)
- Biology (3)
- Developmental Psychology (3)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (3)
- Economics (3)
- Environmental Monitoring (3)
- History (3)
- Religion (3)
- Architecture (2)
- Environmental Policy (2)
- Evolution (2)
- Place and Environment (2)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (2)
- Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion (2)
- Urban, Community and Regional Planning (2)
- Keyword
-
- Development (3)
- Environment (3)
- Environmental issues (3)
- Evolution (3)
- Geothermal development (3)
-
- Infants (3)
- Nature (3)
- Nature and nurture (3)
- Sex differences (3)
- American culture (2)
- Capitalism (2)
- Claremont (2)
- Claremont Colleges (2)
- Culture (2)
- Developmental systems theory (2)
- Malaysia (2)
- Mental rotation (2)
- Native Hawaiians (2)
- Rainforest (2)
- Southern California (2)
- Sustainability (2)
- Aborginal art (1)
- Aborigines (1)
- Adoption (1)
- Anthropology (1)
- Anthropology and education (1)
- Archaeology (1)
- Argumentation (1)
- Australia (1)
- Automobile emissions (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 48
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
A Pragmatic And Flexible Approach To Information Literacy: Findings From A Three-Year Study Of Faculty-Librarian Collaboration, Barbara Junisbai, M. Sara Lowe, Natalie Tagge
A Pragmatic And Flexible Approach To Information Literacy: Findings From A Three-Year Study Of Faculty-Librarian Collaboration, Barbara Junisbai, M. Sara Lowe, Natalie Tagge
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
While faculty often express dismay at their students’ ability to locate and evaluate secondary sources, they may also be ambivalent about how to (and who should) teach the skills required to carry out quality undergraduate research. This project sought to assess the impact of programmatic changes and librarian course integration on students’ information literacy (IL) skills. Using an IL rubric to score student papers (n=337) over three consecutive first-year student cohorts, our study shows that when faculty collaborate with librarians to foster IL competencies, the result is a statistically significant improvement in students’ demonstrated research skills. Our study also reveals …
The Developmental Systems Approach And The Analysis Of Behavior, David S. Moore
The Developmental Systems Approach And The Analysis Of Behavior, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
The developmental systems approach is a perspective that has been adopted by increasing numbers of developmental scientists since it emerged in the twentieth century. The overview presented in this paper makes clear that proponents of this approach and proponents of modern behavior analysis should be natural allies. Despite some distinctions between the two schools of thought, the essential ideas associated with each are compatible with the other; in particular, scientists in both camps work to analyze the provenance of behavior and recognize the central role that contextual factors play in behavioral expression.
The Asymmetrical Bridge: A Review Of James Tabery's Book "Beyond Versus.", David S. Moore
The Asymmetrical Bridge: A Review Of James Tabery's Book "Beyond Versus.", David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Mass Media Consumption In Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan And Kazakhstan: The View From Below, Barbara Junisbai, Azamat Junisbai, Nicola Ying Fry
Mass Media Consumption In Post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan And Kazakhstan: The View From Below, Barbara Junisbai, Azamat Junisbai, Nicola Ying Fry
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
This article examines how ordinary people utilize and assess the information options available to them drawing on original, nationally representative surveys conducted in 2012 in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, two regimes characterized by different trajectories since independence. In both countries, television is the main go-to source, while the Internet is used least. Trust in media, however, follows an unexpected pattern. On average, media enjoy higher levels of trust in Kazakhstan than in Kyrgyzstan, despite greater media independence and pluralism in the latter. Ironically, open political competition and media freedom in Kyrgyzstan may have a dampening effect on public trust, while in …
Paul Faulstich’S Reflective Review Of Susan A. Phillips’ Essay, Paul Faulstich
Paul Faulstich’S Reflective Review Of Susan A. Phillips’ Essay, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Paul Faulstich's review of Susan A. Phillips' essay titled, "Huerta del Valle: A New Nonprofit in a Neglected Landscape".
Pitzer College Outback Preserve Restoration Project, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer College Outback Preserve Restoration Project, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
A question we keep asking ourselves in environmental analysis at Pitzer College is whether it’s possible to create modern socionatural systems that are truly sustaining; that is, that avoid the features of contemporary systems in which the human factor dominates to the detriment of the environment. Any genuinely sustainable society must honor diversity— cultural and biological—and, at Pitzer, we’re committed to forging innovative directions for a healthy future. Toward this end, students, along with faculty and staff, have initiated a program of ecological restoration in the Pitzer College Outback Preserve.
The Babies, The Representations, And The Nativist–Empiricist Bathwater. Commentary On “Stepping Off The Pendulum: Why Only An Action-Based Approach Can Transcend The Nativist–Empiricist Debate” By J. Allen & M. Bickhard, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Homology In Developmental Psychology, David S. Moore
Homology In Developmental Psychology, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Review Of Psychological Anthropology: A Reader On Self In Culture, Claudia Strauss
Review Of Psychological Anthropology: A Reader On Self In Culture, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Robert LeVine has not only conducted an important body of child development research and trained many students (of whom I was one). He has also written and edited several volumes that introduce students to psychological anthropology. His latest reader fills a real need: I am aware of no other collection of current work in psychological anthropology for undergraduates. Aside from a few quibbles and some annoying typesetting errors, Psychological Anthropology: A Reader on Self in Culture is a first-rate compilation that demonstrates the relevance and excitement of psychological anthropology.
Mental Rotation Of Dynamic, Three-Dimensional Stimuli By 3-Month-Old Infants, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson
Mental Rotation Of Dynamic, Three-Dimensional Stimuli By 3-Month-Old Infants, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Mental rotation involves transforming a mental image of an object so as to accurately predict how the object would look if it were rotated in space. This study examined mental rotation in male and female 3-month-olds, using the stimuli and paradigm developed by Moore and Johnson (2008). Infants were habituated to a video of a three-dimensional object rotating back and forth through a 240° angle around the vertical axis. After habituation, infants were tested both with videos of the same object rotating through the previously unseen 120° angle, and with the mirror image of that display. Unlike females, who fixated …
Review: Robert H. Nelson, The New Holy Wars: Economic Religion Vs. Environmental Religion In Contemporary America, Andre Wakefield
Review: Robert H. Nelson, The New Holy Wars: Economic Religion Vs. Environmental Religion In Contemporary America, Andre Wakefield
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
This is a book review of Robert H. Nelson's The New Holy Wars: Economic Religion vs. Environmental Religion in Contemporary America. Nelson argues that environmentalism and economics represent competing religious worldviews. Within this framework, debates over issues like global warming and acid rain become veiled theological disputes between these two “secular religions.” Nelson paints with a broad, aggressive brush. This is both the strength and weakness of his book, as he conjures a world of epic battles between the economic faithful, who worship material progress, and the environmentally pious, who bemoan the corruption visited by humans upon the natural world. …
Neural Reuse As A Source Of Developmental Homology, David S. Moore, Chris Moore
Neural Reuse As A Source Of Developmental Homology, David S. Moore, Chris Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Neural reuse theories should interest developmental psychologists because these theories can potentially illuminate the developmental relations among psychological characteristics observed across the lifespan. Characteristics that develop by exploiting pre-existing neural circuits can be thought of as developmental homologues. And, understood in this way, the homology concept that has proven valuable for evolutionary biologists can be used productively to study psychological/behavioral development.
Probing Predispositions: The Pragmatism Of A Process Perspective, David S. Moore
Probing Predispositions: The Pragmatism Of A Process Perspective, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
As J. P. Spencer et al. (2009) argue, the theories of some developmental psychologists continue to be nativistic, even though nativism is an inherently nondevelopmental school of thought. Psychologists interested in development study the emergence of human characteristics—including predispositions—and are not content to simply catalogue competences that characterize human newborns; instead, they recognize that all human characteristics, including those present at birth, reflect the circumstances of development. A truly developmental science of behavior requires rejecting the nativism–empiricism debate outright, abandoning ideas such as “core knowledge” and psychological “endowments,” and adopting a process perspective that focuses on how traits emerge from …
Integrating Development And Evolution In Psychology: Looking Back, Moving Forward, David S. Moore
Integrating Development And Evolution In Psychology: Looking Back, Moving Forward, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
This work is the editorial for a special edition of New Ideas in Psychology titled Integrating Development and Evolution in Psychology.
Individuals And Populations: How Biology's Theory And Data Have Interfered With The Integration Of Development And Evolution, David S. Moore
Individuals And Populations: How Biology's Theory And Data Have Interfered With The Integration Of Development And Evolution, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Research programs in quantitative behavior genetics and evolutionary psychology have contributed to the widespread belief that some psychological characteristics can be “inherited” via genetic mechanisms. In fact, molecular and developmental biologists have concluded that while genetic factors contribute to the development of all of our traits, non-genetic factors always do too, and in ways that make them no less important than genetic factors. This insight demands a reworking of the Modern Evolutionary Synthesis, a theory that defined evolution as a process involving changes in the frequencies of genes in populations, and that envisioned no role for experiential factors now known …
Mental Rotation In Human Infants: A Sex Difference, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson
Mental Rotation In Human Infants: A Sex Difference, David S. Moore, Scott P. Johnson
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
A sex difference on mental-rotation tasks has been demonstrated repeatedly, but not in children less than 4 years of age. To demonstrate mental rotation in human infants, we habituated 5-month-old infants to an object revolving through a 240° angle. In successive test trials, infants saw the habituation object or its mirror image revolving through a previously unseen 120° angle. Only the male infants appeared to recognize the familiar object from the new perspective, a feat requiring mental rotation. These data provide evidence for a sex difference in mental rotation of an object through three-dimensional space, consistently seen in adult populations.
Espousing Interactions And Fielding Reactions: Addressing Laypeople's Beliefs About Genetic Determinism, David S. Moore
Espousing Interactions And Fielding Reactions: Addressing Laypeople's Beliefs About Genetic Determinism, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Although biologists and philosophers of science generally agree that genes cannot determine the forms of biological and psychological traits, students, journalists, politicians, and other members of the general public nonetheless continue to embrace genetic determinism. This article identifies some of the concerns typically raised by individuals when they first encounter the systems perspective that biologists and philosophers of science now favor over genetic determinism, and uses arguments informed by that perspective to address those concerns. No definitive statements can yet be made about why genetic determinism has proven so resilient in the face of empirical evidence pointing up its deficiencies, …
Blaming For Columbine: Conceptions Of Agency In The Contemporary United States, Claudia Strauss
Blaming For Columbine: Conceptions Of Agency In The Contemporary United States, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Modern Westerners are supposed to embrace a notion of unfettered personal agency. An analysis of public commentary (interviews, editorials, and online message boards) in the United States about the Columbine school shootings shows that the voluntarist cultural model of persons as autonomous agents, while certainly very important, is just one of a number of cultural models Americans use to explain human action and has particular political and interpersonal uses. We might think that conceptions as basic as those of personhood and agency would be hegemonic: both singular and internalized as unexamined, taken for‐granted assumptions. In some contexts, voluntarist ideas about …
Perception Precedes Computation: Can Familiarity Preferences Explain Apparent Calculation By Human Babies?, David S. Moore, Laura A. Cocas
Perception Precedes Computation: Can Familiarity Preferences Explain Apparent Calculation By Human Babies?, David S. Moore, Laura A. Cocas
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Two studies of 5-month-old infants explored whether a phenomenon reported by K. Wynn (1992) reflects a familiarity preference instead of a mathematical competence. Experiment 1 was a conceptual replication of Wynn's study. When data were analyzed with the relatively liberal statistical approach used by Wynn, the original phenomenon was replicated. However, an analysis of variance revealed that girls and boys behaved in different ways, and that boys did not behave as Wynn would have predicted. Experiment 2 was identical to Experiment 1, with one exception that should not have influenced computation: Infants in this study were completely familiarized with the …
Commentary: Borders As Sites Of Pain, Claudia Strauss
Commentary: Borders As Sites Of Pain, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
I consider Walkerdine's second point that social borders -- especially those of class and work -- are sites of pain. She illustrates that contention with stories of working-class British women who had university educations and moved into the middle class but never felt they fully belonged, of workers in South Wales who are dislocated by the closing of their central mine or manufacturing plant, and of Australian manufacturing workers who are trying, sometimes with great difficulty, to remake themselves as flexible service and sales workers. I was intrigued by the implication for theories of motivation. Generally, we focus on drives …
Comment On James M. Wilce, "Magical Laments And Anthropological Reflections", Claudia Strauss
Comment On James M. Wilce, "Magical Laments And Anthropological Reflections", Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Wilce draws our attention to the formulaic nature of anthropologists ethnographies, both considered as a distinctive genre and as inflected by larger modernist discourses of destruction and loss (which he terms neolament). His intriguing discussion of the laments that end many anthropological texts helped me to recognize similar laments that I heard when I conducted interviews in the Piedmont region of North Carolina. The latter examples raise issues about the politics of lamenting modernity and questions about what makes a lament effective.
A Very Little Bit Of Knowledge: Re-Evaluating The Meaning Of The Heritability Of Iq, David S. Moore
A Very Little Bit Of Knowledge: Re-Evaluating The Meaning Of The Heritability Of Iq, David S. Moore
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
There is a deeper assumption underlying adoption studies that is often not acknowledged by either adoption study researchers or their critics, and it is an assumptions that is at least as important as the two considered by Richardson and Norgate: the assumption that the heritability statistics generated by adoption studies are informative about something of consequence. Although Richardson and Norgate’s paper presents several valid criticisms of adoption studies of IQ that lead them to suggest a ‘radical reappraisal’ of such studies, a reappraisal even more radical than the one they suggest might, in fact, be warranted.
Sacred Space/Place, Paul Faulstich
Sacred Space/Place, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Landscape, space, and place are three concepts that merge together to create the human experience of the environment. Space is the most basic concept of geography; it is the three-dimensional extent in which objects and events occur. Landscapes and places are both contained within space.
Ethnoecology, Paul Faulstich
Ethnoecology, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Ethnoecology – the study of cultural explications of nature – generates insights into the interface between peoples and the more-than-human world. Ecology is the scientific study of the interrelationships between plants, animals, and the environment, and it has developed into the study of interdependent communities of organisms and their environments. But while most ecologists have been trained to seek knowledge solely from scholarly books or nonhuman nature, tremendous environmental information is stored in the minds, cultures, and arts of indigenous peoples.
Geophilia, Paul Faulstich
Geophilia, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Extrapolated from E. O. Wilson's concept of biophilia, geophilia asserts that humans have an organic propensity to find wildlands emotionally compelling. It exists as a human tendency to emotionally connect with natural landscapes.
Is Empathy Gendered And If So, Why? An Approach From Feminist Psychological Anthropology, Claudia Strauss
Is Empathy Gendered And If So, Why? An Approach From Feminist Psychological Anthropology, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Difference feminists have argued that women have special virtues. One such virtue would seem to be empathy, which has three main components: imaginative projection, awareness of the other's emotions, and concern. Empathy is closely related to identification. Psychological research and the author's own study of women's and men's talk about poverty and welfare use in the United States demonstrate women's greater empathic concern. However, some cross-cultural research shows greater sex differences in empathy in the United States than elsewhere. This combination of findings (women tend to demonstrate greater empathic concern, but this typical difference varies cross-culturally) requires a complex biocultural …
Diversity And Homogeneity In American Culture: Teaching And Theory, Claudia Strauss
Diversity And Homogeneity In American Culture: Teaching And Theory, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
In teaching, as in any kind of cultural production, you can look at content, or you can look at reception. Here I want to talk about both: the content of what to say about diversity and sharing in U.S. culture, and how that may be received.
Cultural Standing In Expression Of Opinion, Claudia Strauss
Cultural Standing In Expression Of Opinion, Claudia Strauss
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
This article explores an underappreciated pragmatic constraint on the expression of opinions: When expressing an opinion on a topic that has been previously discussed, a speaker should correctly indicate the cultural standing of that view in the relevant opinion community. This Bakhtinian approach to discourse analysis is contrasted with conversation analysis, politeness theory (Brown & Levinson, 1987), and analysis of epistemic modality. Finally, indicators of four points on the cultural standing continuum (highly controversial, debatable, common opinion, and taken for granted) are illustrated with examples from American English usage.
Comment: The California Fires, Andre Wakefield
Comment: The California Fires, Andre Wakefield
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Insights on the effect of wildfires on the Southern California community of Claremont.
Teaching For Change: The Leadership In Environmental Education Partnership, Paul Faulstich
Teaching For Change: The Leadership In Environmental Education Partnership, Paul Faulstich
Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research
Humans are transforming earth's landscape from a natural matrix with pockets of civilization to just the opposite. Most of us realize that this pattern is not sustainable. I live and work in Claremont, California, a charming college town in the midst of suburban sprawl. The town has a central village of terminally tasteful, overpriced bungalows nestled in the shade of tall, largely exotic trees. Indeed, most of the landscape of this "city of trees and Ph.D.s" has been imported; only a remnant parcel of coastal sage scrub that the Claremont Colleges have reluctantly preserved remains.