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Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Predictors Of Substance Use, Relationship Arrangements And Intimacy Expectancies Among Gay Couples And Associations To Erikson Intimacy Development, Jonathan Lopez Matos
Predictors Of Substance Use, Relationship Arrangements And Intimacy Expectancies Among Gay Couples And Associations To Erikson Intimacy Development, Jonathan Lopez Matos
Theses and Dissertations
This study explored relationship arrangements, intimacy expectancies of substance use and the potential role of Eriksonian intimacy development on drug use among gay and bisexual men. Data were collected from 339 partnered gay/bisexual men across the United States. Measures addressed arrangement type, intimacy expectancies, Eriksonian intimacy and drug use.
Rationality, Parapsychology, And Artificial Intelligence In Military And Intelligence Research By The United States Government In The Cold War, Guy M. Lomeo
Theses and Dissertations
A study analyzing the roles of rationality, parapsychology, and artificial intelligence in military and intelligence research by the United States Government in the Cold War. An examination of the methodology behind the decisions to pursue research in two fields that were initially considered irrational.
Influence Of Social Status On Spatial Attention In African Cichlids (Astatotilapia Burtoni), Rebecca Bang
Influence Of Social Status On Spatial Attention In African Cichlids (Astatotilapia Burtoni), Rebecca Bang
Theses and Dissertations
The present study used subordinate and dominant African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni to test the hypothesis that social status will influence the perception of spatial cues during startle escape behavior. Our results show escape behavior that imply a focused spatial attention to potential threats in dominant fish.
The Effect Of Perceived Parental Autonomy Granting On Vocational Identity And Communication In Emerging Adults, Emily Salmany
The Effect Of Perceived Parental Autonomy Granting On Vocational Identity And Communication In Emerging Adults, Emily Salmany
Theses and Dissertations
The present study examines the relationship between autonomy granting parenting, vocational identity and communication between emerging adults and parents. It is hypothesized that emerging adults with autonomy granting parents have achieved more stable vocational identities and are better able to communicate with their parents than emerging adults without such parents.
Slowed Temporal Disengagement From Ambiguous Information In Trait Anxiety, Tiffany Arango
Slowed Temporal Disengagement From Ambiguous Information In Trait Anxiety, Tiffany Arango
Theses and Dissertations
We investigated the relation between trait anxiety and temporal disengagement from social and nonsocial affective information. Participants (n =54) completed a disengagement task and self-report questionnaires. Trait anxiety was associated with slower temporal disengagement from neutral nonsocial information, but did not predict above and beyond state anxiety.
Investigating The Nest Sanitation Hypothesis In A Rejecter Species: Is Sanitation A Proximate Link, Pre-Adaptation, Or By-Product Of Egg Ejection?, Alec B. Luro
Theses and Dissertations
Nest sanitation, a behavior similar in motor pattern to egg ejection, has been proposed repeatedly as a potential pre-adaptation to foreign egg ejection in avian brood parasites hosts. We found no support for the sanitation hypothesis--therefore we suggest egg ejection may have evolved independently of sanitation.
Principles Of Multimodal Integration In The Startle Escape System Of Goldfish, Camille Mcintyre
Principles Of Multimodal Integration In The Startle Escape System Of Goldfish, Camille Mcintyre
Theses and Dissertations
In this study, we revealed how visual and audio stimuli are integrated during goldfish escape startle by analyzing startle response probabilities and latencies evoked by individual and combined presentations of a short (5 ms) audio pips and a long lasting (900 ms) gradually increasing visual looms.
Selective Attention To Threat In People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis, Amberle Cusmano
Selective Attention To Threat In People With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis, Amberle Cusmano
Theses and Dissertations
People with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) show increased attention towards or away from threat in their environment; the current literature is divided on the direction of these effects. This meta-analysis aims to aggregate and examine if people with PTSD display selective attention to threat compared to people without PTSD.
Ménage À Trois In The Atlantic Brief Squid (Lolliguncula Brevis): Prior Presence Affects Mate Choice, Rachel A. Schlessinger
Ménage À Trois In The Atlantic Brief Squid (Lolliguncula Brevis): Prior Presence Affects Mate Choice, Rachel A. Schlessinger
Theses and Dissertations
Lolliguncula brevis given prior presence experienced a significantly greater number of contacts with opposite sex squid than rivals. Males given prior presence also spent significantly more time in proximity to females than rivals. This suggests that for both female and male Atlantic brief squid, having prior presence influences mating behavior.
Behavioral Avoidance And The Evaluation, Expression, And Intensity Of Emotions In Generalized Anxiety And Major Depressive Disorders, Laura Lamantia
Behavioral Avoidance And The Evaluation, Expression, And Intensity Of Emotions In Generalized Anxiety And Major Depressive Disorders, Laura Lamantia
Theses and Dissertations
Emotion dysregulation manifests in ways, such as behavioral avoidance and differential patterns of emotional reactivity and processing. The current study examined whether behavioral avoidance (i.e., task disengagement and expression suppression) and emotional experience (i.e., intensity and evaluation) are associated differently in those with GAD, MDD, and healthy controls.
The Effects Of Conspecifics On Dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris) Behavior During Behavioral Rehabilitation Treatments, Breanna Schultz
The Effects Of Conspecifics On Dog (Canis Lupus Familiaris) Behavior During Behavioral Rehabilitation Treatments, Breanna Schultz
Theses and Dissertations
With high dog euthanasia rates increasing adoption is a significant animal welfare issue that finding methods to treat fearful animals from cruelty cases could help. This study examined the effects of conspecific presence on dogs in behavioral rehabilitation and found significant differences in boldness-fearfulness and solicitation and proximity behaviors.
The Role Of Ambivalent Sexism On Attributions About The Homeless, Amanda Watsula
The Role Of Ambivalent Sexism On Attributions About The Homeless, Amanda Watsula
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined whether ambivalent sexist beliefs impact views of the homeless. Results showed that benevolent sexism towards men was related to increased ratings of control and decreased ratings of external causes of male homelessness. Hostile sexism towards women positively predicted ratings of internal causes of female homelessness.
A Case Study: Observations Of Behaviors & Vocalizations In A Captive Asian Elephant (Elephas Maximus) During Quarantine, Alexandra L. Dilley
A Case Study: Observations Of Behaviors & Vocalizations In A Captive Asian Elephant (Elephas Maximus) During Quarantine, Alexandra L. Dilley
Theses and Dissertations
Bozie, an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), was relocated from the Baton Rouge Zoo to Smithsonian’s National Zoo. During a requisite 29-day quarantine period, I recorded Bozie’s stress-related behaviors and the vocalizations she produced when she was alone and with her keepers in free and protected contact.
Does Permissiveness Mediate The Relationship Between Sexual Identity Exploration And Sexual Behavior?, Kailani Capote
Does Permissiveness Mediate The Relationship Between Sexual Identity Exploration And Sexual Behavior?, Kailani Capote
Theses and Dissertations
Sexual identity exploration and permissive attitudes about sex increase emerging adults' sexual behaviors. This study surveyed (N=301) 18-29 year-olds’ sexual attitudes and anal/ vaginal sex acts. Findings support that permissiveness accounts for some of the relationship between sexual identity exploration and sex acts but did not show a mediation effect.
Science, Symptoms, And Support Groups:Adhd In The American Cultural Context, Kealy D. Fallon
Science, Symptoms, And Support Groups:Adhd In The American Cultural Context, Kealy D. Fallon
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is a cultural analysis of the behaviorally- and psychiatrically-defined disorder ADHD, socio-historically contextualizing it in the United States and exploring ethnographically how people affected by it talk about and organize their experience of its symptoms.
Intra-Rater And Inter-Rater Reliability Of The Aspca’S Behavior Evaluation Of Fearful Dogs, Sara Matters
Intra-Rater And Inter-Rater Reliability Of The Aspca’S Behavior Evaluation Of Fearful Dogs, Sara Matters
Theses and Dissertations
Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the ASPCA Behavioral Evaluation of fearful dogs was measured. Raters watched recordings of 12 dogs and rated their behaviors. Ratings were analyzed for reliability within and between all raters. Results indicated that frequency of use of the evaluation is important in achieving high rater reliability.
Facial Expressions In Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Lauren Noble
Facial Expressions In Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Lauren Noble
Theses and Dissertations
This study found that greater displays of sad facial expressions and body movement are associated with higher self-reported anxiety-related symptoms in those with GAD. In the control group, lower scores on rumination and worry scales are associated with greater displays of fearful facial expressions during the fear video.
An Analysis Of Canine Processing Of Stimulus Compounds Varying In Light And Sound Intensity, Katherine O. Compitus
An Analysis Of Canine Processing Of Stimulus Compounds Varying In Light And Sound Intensity, Katherine O. Compitus
Theses and Dissertations
A dog was trained to respond deferentially to two light-sound compounds. The dog was then tested with combinations of additional light and sound intensities. The dog appeared to use the information provided by both stimulus dimensions. This research is relevant to the understanding of information processing, specifically categorization and generalization.
Disruptive Behavior Disorders In Childhood And Criminal Justice System Involvement In Adolescence And Emerging Adulthood: Pilot Results Among Puerto Rican Youth, Marjorine Castillo
Disruptive Behavior Disorders In Childhood And Criminal Justice System Involvement In Adolescence And Emerging Adulthood: Pilot Results Among Puerto Rican Youth, Marjorine Castillo
Theses and Dissertations
The relationship between Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD) in childhood and arrest during adolescence and emerging adulthood was explored in a community sample of 162 Puerto Rican children who lived in the South Bronx, NYC when first recruited. Results indicate a significant link between having DBD in childhood and later arrest.
Repetitive Motor Movement, Social Responsiveness, And Global Development In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jenny Waltzer
Repetitive Motor Movement, Social Responsiveness, And Global Development In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jenny Waltzer
Theses and Dissertations
This study assessed whether specific repetitive motor movements (involving body), are associated with social abilities and global development. Additionally, we evaluated whether our observational measures of specific repetitive behaviors corresponded to standard diagnostic measures. Sixty-nine children, aged 32 to 82 months, with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder or autism were enrolled.
Investigating The Social And Cognitive Factors Influencing Risky Sexual Behaviors In Emerging Adults, Anthony W. Surace
Investigating The Social And Cognitive Factors Influencing Risky Sexual Behaviors In Emerging Adults, Anthony W. Surace
Theses and Dissertations
The present investigation tested a regression model predicting sexual risk behavior among emerging adults using social and cognitive factors. Participants were 301 sexually active young adults living in New York City. Social and cognitive factors predicted sexual behavior individually, but did not interact with one another in the regression model.