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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Foreign Investment And Disparities In Economic Development And Poverty Reduction: A Comparative-Historical Analysis Of The Buddhist Countries Of Southeast Asia, Harold Kerbo
Social Sciences
To remain economically competitive in the 21st century a nation must be able to secure resources beyond its borders and protect itself from other nations trying to do the same. While the situation has been shown to be more complex, the original assumption among world system researchers remains that multinational corporate penetration in the periphery can have negative effects on their prospects for economic development. But we now know that these negative effects upon long-term economic development can be prevented. The existence of a strong development state can be critical for this protection. In addition to supplying ‘good governance’ (as …
Ambivalent Sexism, Scriptural Literalism, And Religiosity, Shawn Meghan Burn, Julia Busso
Ambivalent Sexism, Scriptural Literalism, And Religiosity, Shawn Meghan Burn, Julia Busso
Psychology and Child Development
This correlational study explores the hypothesis that religiosity and scriptural literalism (the degree to which one interprets scriptures literally) are associated with sexism. Participants were female and male (N = 504) university students who anonymously completed the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick & Fiske, 1996, 1997, 2001a, 2001b), the Scriptural Literalism Scale (Hogge & Friedman, 1967), and the Religious Orientation Scale–Revised (Gorsuch & McPherson, 1989). Intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, and scriptural literalism were positively associated with benevolent, but not hostile, sexism. Intrinsic religiosity and scriptural literalism were positively related to the protective paternalism subscale, whereas extrinsic religiosity was related to the …
Central Bank Independence In A (Very) Non-Neoclassical World, Eduardo Zambrano
Central Bank Independence In A (Very) Non-Neoclassical World, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
What if it could be possible to convince a completely non-neoclassical economist of the importance of Central Bank independence? The profession currently favors arguments in favor of Central Bank independence that are based on the seminal work by Barro and Gordon (1983 a,b), a model with naturally strong neoclassical assumptions. As a consequence of this, the argument in favor of Central Bank independence routinely given by economists is often not bought by those who question the validity of the neoclassical assumptions. In this paper I argue that Central Bank independence can be beneficial for society even when the economy is …
On Some Subtle Implications Of The Choice Of Numeraire For Monetary Policy In Developing Countries, Eduardo Zambrano
On Some Subtle Implications Of The Choice Of Numeraire For Monetary Policy In Developing Countries, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
Numeraire choice is often deemed a problem of purely analytical convenience. In this paper I show that there is more to numeraire selection than meets the eye for the formulation of monetary policy in countries with weak fiscal institutions. I show how (a) improper numeraire choice can dramatically overstate or understate Central Bank profits and (b) how this can threaten the ability of a Central Bank to keep inflation under control. I show point (a) in the context of Monte Carlo experiments calibrated for the Venezuelan economy and point (b) in an infinitely lived representative agent model that illustrates the …
Testable Implications Of Subjective Expected Utility Theory, Eduardo Zambrano
Testable Implications Of Subjective Expected Utility Theory, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
I show that the predictive content of the hypothesis of subjective expected utility maximization critically depends on what the analyst knows about the details of the problem a particular decision maker faces. When the analyst does not know anything about the agent's payoffs or beliefs and can only observe the sequence of actions taken by the decision maker any arbitrary sequence of actions can be implemented as the choice of an agent that solves some intertemporal utility maximization problem under uncertainty.
Men’S Conformity To Traditional Masculinity And Relationship Satisfaction, Shawn Meghan Burn, A. Zachary Ward
Men’S Conformity To Traditional Masculinity And Relationship Satisfaction, Shawn Meghan Burn, A. Zachary Ward
Psychology and Child Development
The Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory (CMNI), intended as a counseling tool to examine masculinity issues with male clients, assesses conformity to 12 components of the masculine role. In this study, participants (N = 307) completed the CMNI and the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS). Men’s conformity to traditional masculine norms was negatively associated with RAS scores for both men rating themselves and women rating their male partners on the CMNI. Men’s conformity to masculine norms was more strongly associated with women’s relationship satisfaction than with men’s relationship satisfaction. Findings suggest the usefulness of the CMNI for helping counseling clients explore …
The Shoah Foundation's Visual History: U-M'S Access To The Holocaust, David Carter, Elliot Gertel, Nerea A. Llamas, Michael D. Miller
The Shoah Foundation's Visual History: U-M'S Access To The Holocaust, David Carter, Elliot Gertel, Nerea A. Llamas, Michael D. Miller
Robert E. Kennedy Library
In 1994, following the filming of Schindler's List, many survivors of the Nazi Holocaust came forward to offer their stories. Realizing that time was running out to document these personal histories, film director Steven Spielberg established the Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation (SVHF). In late 2003, the U-M University Library initiated contact with the SVHF with the goal of bringing access to the Video History Archive to the U-M campus.
An Examination Of Additively Separable Willingness-To-Pay For Environmental Attributes: Evidence From A Pork Experiment, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein
An Examination Of Additively Separable Willingness-To-Pay For Environmental Attributes: Evidence From A Pork Experiment, Sean P. Hurley, James B. Kliebenstein
Agribusiness
This paper examines what is the best method for pork producers to market pork products with environmental attributes. The objective is to examine evidence of whether it is beneficial for pork producers to incorporate multiple environmental attributes into a single product or sell multiple products with a single environmental attribute.
Determining The Impact Of Food Price And Income Changes On Obesity, Christiane Schroeter, Jayson Lusk, Wallace Tyner
Determining The Impact Of Food Price And Income Changes On Obesity, Christiane Schroeter, Jayson Lusk, Wallace Tyner
Agribusiness
Despite the significant rise in obesity in the U.S., economic research on obesity is still in its infancy. This paper employs a microeconomic approach to investigate the effects of price and income changes on weight in an effort to determine how a high-calorie food tax, a low-calorie food subsidy, and/or income changes affect body weight. Although raising the price of high-calorie food will likely lead to decreased demand for such goods; it is not clear that such an outcome will actually reduce weight. The model developed in this paper identifies conditions under which price and income changes are mostly likely …
Book Review: Making Truth: The Role Of Metaphor In Science By Theodore L. Brown, Richard D. Besel
Book Review: Making Truth: The Role Of Metaphor In Science By Theodore L. Brown, Richard D. Besel
Communication Studies
No abstract provided.
Estimating The Impacts Of Differing Price-Risk Management Strategies On The Net Income Of Salinas Valley Lettuce Producers: A Stochastic Simulation Approach, Roland Fumasi, Wayne H. Howard, Jay E. Noel
Estimating The Impacts Of Differing Price-Risk Management Strategies On The Net Income Of Salinas Valley Lettuce Producers: A Stochastic Simulation Approach, Roland Fumasi, Wayne H. Howard, Jay E. Noel
Agribusiness
While government safety-net programs are used to mitigate the price risk for commodity producers, limited programs exist for specialty crop producers. Specialty crop producers utilize forward contracts to reduce downside price risk. In order to estimate the method of price-risk management, if any, that is preferable to selling at market determined prices, a stochastic simulation model was constructed. The completed simulation model was used to estimate probability distributions for Salinas Valley net income under different pricing scenarios. Probabilities of reaching various net income thresholds were compared. Results indicate that Salinas Valley lettuce producers should maximize profitability by using forward contracts.
Navigating The Academic Library Job Search, Katherine O'Clair, Emily Rogers
Navigating The Academic Library Job Search, Katherine O'Clair, Emily Rogers
Library Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Nash Bargaining Without Convexity, Eduardo Zambrano
Nash Bargaining Without Convexity, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
In this note I study Nash bargaining when the utility possibility set of the bargaining problem is non-convex. A simple variation of Nash's symmetry axiom is all that is necessary to establish a set valued version of Nash's solution in non-convex settings.
Public Economies And The Endogenous Choice Of Institutions, Eduardo Zambrano
Public Economies And The Endogenous Choice Of Institutions, Eduardo Zambrano
Economics
In this paper I provide a framework in which to formalize the seminal work of Elinor Ostrom on the study of public economies, a prominent theoretical construct aimed to provide answers to the following questions: (a) Why some societies are able to solve their collective action problems and others are not? and (b) Why societies choose the particular institutions they choose from a vast array of possible choices?
Sunspots In The Laboratory, John Duffy, Eric O'N. Fisher
Sunspots In The Laboratory, John Duffy, Eric O'N. Fisher
Economics
We show that extrinsic or non-fundamental uncertainty influences markets in a controlled environment. This work provides the first direct evidence of sunspot equilibria. These equilibria require a common understanding of the semantics of the sunspot variable, and they appear to be sensitive to the flow of information. Extrinsic uncertainty matters when information flows slowly, as in a call market, but it need not matter when information flows quickly, as in a double auction where infra-marginal bids and offers are observable.
Single Curved Fiber Sedimentation Under Gravity, Xiaoying Rong, Dewei Qi, Jun Yong Zhu, Tim Scott
Single Curved Fiber Sedimentation Under Gravity, Xiaoying Rong, Dewei Qi, Jun Yong Zhu, Tim Scott
Graphic Communication
Dynamics of single curved fiber sedimentation under the gravity are simulated by using lattice Boltzmann method. The results of migration and rotation of the curved fiber at different Reynolds numbers are reported. The results show that the rotation and migration processes are sensitive to the curvature of the fiber.
Study Of Co-Solvent Effects On Stickies Removal In Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Xiaoying Rong, Dewei Qi, John Chateuneuf, Said Abubakr
Study Of Co-Solvent Effects On Stickies Removal In Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Xiaoying Rong, Dewei Qi, John Chateuneuf, Said Abubakr
Graphic Communication
Using supercritical carbon dioxide to remove stickies in recycling fibers is studied at laboratory scale. Supercritical carbon dioxide is the most environmental friendly supercritical fluid widely used in extraction process. This study includes co-solvent effect on sticky compounds removal by using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. The sticky compounds are dispensed onto fibers, and then extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide and co-solvent in order to study the efficiency of stickies removal. The results show that supercritical carbon dioxide can remove most sticky compounds such as paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene butadiene. It is demonstrated that with co-solvent, the extraction …
Campus Learning Spaces: Investing In How Students Learn, Stephen R. Acker, Michael D. Miller
Campus Learning Spaces: Investing In How Students Learn, Stephen R. Acker, Michael D. Miller
Robert E. Kennedy Library
To justify the substantial investment in bricks-and-mortar construction, colleges and universities must design and continually renew the physical spaces in which students learn. A variety of research studies document that today's students learn differently than did many of the faculty now teaching them and that the design of learning spaces can favor or disadvantage various ways of learning. Campus planners are challenged to build flexible interior spaces so that buildings with 100-year life spans can continually adapt to new generations of learners and our new discoveries of how people learn. Without this capacity to modify the learning environment, institutions put …
Maternal Age, Paternal Age And Effective Fecundability In Rural Bangladesh, Ek Brunson, Dj Holman, D. B. Neill
Maternal Age, Paternal Age And Effective Fecundability In Rural Bangladesh, Ek Brunson, Dj Holman, D. B. Neill
Social Sciences
Effective fecundability is defined as the monthly probability for a conception that leads to a livebirth. One method of assessing effective fecundability is by examining lengths of first birth intervals. Using demographic records of marriage and birth, we examine the effects of maternal age, paternal age, mother’s education, and religion on effective fecundability in a rural region of Bangladesh. Data came from a prospective demographic and health survey conducted in Matlab thana by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Marriage and birth records from 1975 to 1982 were used to generate first birth intervals. A parametric hazards model …
Effects Of Grandmother's Presence And Work Effort On Fertility, Survivorship, And Weight In Two Ethnic Groups In N.E. India, D. L. Leonetti, D. C. Nath, N. S. Hemam, D. B. Neill
Effects Of Grandmother's Presence And Work Effort On Fertility, Survivorship, And Weight In Two Ethnic Groups In N.E. India, D. L. Leonetti, D. C. Nath, N. S. Hemam, D. B. Neill
Social Sciences
Hypotheses regarding the selection for extension of post-menopausal life in humans depend on showing that reproductive success is enhanced via positive effects of older persons on the fertility and offspring viability of descendants. We investigate grandmother effects in 617 patrilineal Bengali and 772 matrilineal Khasi households in N.E. India. Direct access to resources varies. Bengali women do no field labor nor do they market or own property. Khasi women own property and are productive workers in the fields and in wage labor and manage the household resources via selling and buying in the markets. The current living status and the …
Group Therapy For Eating Disorders: A Retrospective Case Study, Janine Wanlass, J. Kelly Moreno, Hannah M. Thomson
Group Therapy For Eating Disorders: A Retrospective Case Study, Janine Wanlass, J. Kelly Moreno, Hannah M. Thomson
Psychology and Child Development
An increasing amount of research supports group therapy as an effective treatment option for eating disorders (Moreno, 1994). In an attempt to further delineate therapeutic factors associated with productive group work, this study represents an exploratory, descriptive analysis of client and therapist perspectives on group process and outcome. Specifically, this retrospective study investigated what clients and their therapist considered important, helpful, and problematic in an aftercare group for hospitalized patients with eating disorders. The therapist and client perspectives were considered separately. These data were then classified into four categories: importance, benefits, problems, and critical incidents. A follow-up discussion explores similarities …
A Synopsis Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting California Specialty Crops, Sean P. Hurley
A Synopsis Of The Regulatory Environment Affecting California Specialty Crops, Sean P. Hurley
Agribusiness
California specialty crop producers face multiple regulatory bodies from both the state and federal government. These producers face regulations pertaining to labor, the environment, marketing, and food safety. When it comes to regulations, ignorance is not bliss. This project develops an informational source for finding federal and state regulations affecting California agricultural producers and provides a perspective of what the California agricultural regulatory environment looks like. This report presents a visual diagram of the top two tiers of federal and state governmental agencies affecting the California agricultural regulatory environment. The visual diagram is set-up with web links to these regulatory …
Ancient Long-Distance Trade In Western North America: New Ams Radiocarbon Dates From Southern California, Richard T. Fitzgerald, Terry L. Jones, Adella Schroth
Ancient Long-Distance Trade In Western North America: New Ams Radiocarbon Dates From Southern California, Richard T. Fitzgerald, Terry L. Jones, Adella Schroth
Social Sciences
Eleven Olivella biplicata spire-lopped shell beads from six sites located 250–365 km inland from the Pacific coast of southern California produced AMS dates between 11,200 and 7860 CAL BP. Olivella shell beads were well-documented items of prestige and media of exchange in Native California, and recovery of these examples from inland contexts indicates low-level exchange between resident populations of the coast and the southwestern Great Basin by at least 10,300–10,000 CAL years BP. These findings represent some of the earliest unequivocal evidence for long-distance trade in western North America and push the antiquity of this important form of inter-group interaction …
A Fluted Point From Nipomo, San Luis Obispo County, California, Wayne W. Millis, Michael F. Rondeau, Terry L. Jones
A Fluted Point From Nipomo, San Luis Obispo County, California, Wayne W. Millis, Michael F. Rondeau, Terry L. Jones
Social Sciences
An isolated fluted projectile point found in Nipomo (San Luis Obispo County, California) about 30 years ago was recently brought to the attention of the local archaeological community. Made from Monterey chert, the specimen exhibits single flute scars that extend about three quarters of the way up both faces, although it also shows clear evidence of blade and basal reworking. Attributes typical of fluted point technology—including heavy edge grinding/polishing on the lateral edge margins of the base,and a bi-concave basal cross-section—support a Paleoindian origin for the artifact.
Effects Of Subtle Heterosexism On Gays, Lesbians, And Bisexuals, Shawn M. Burn, Kelly Kadlec, Ryan Rexer
Effects Of Subtle Heterosexism On Gays, Lesbians, And Bisexuals, Shawn M. Burn, Kelly Kadlec, Ryan Rexer
Psychology and Child Development
This study examined heterosexism that is not specifically targeted at LGB individuals, but may be experienced as antigay harassment, and may contribute to the stigma and stress they experience. LGB participants (N= 175, primarily Euro-American college students), read scenarios of heterosexuals saying or assuming things potentially offensive to gay men or lesbian women. For each scenario, they indicated the extent to which they would be offended and less open about their sexuality, and their perceptions of the behaviors as evidence of antigay prejudice. Not only did respondents find the scenarios to be offensive and indicative of prejudice, but perceived offensiveness …
Momentum Investing: The Case Of High-Tech Ipos, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Momentum Investing: The Case Of High-Tech Ipos, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Economics
We document significant momentum effects in the high-tech IPO aftermarket beyond the initial (underpricing) run-up. Cumulative market-adjusted returns (CMARs) reveal a striking pattern. A local peak of just over 10 percent is reached around 20 trading days post-IPO coinciding with the expiry of the “quiet period”. A global peak (of about 33 percent) is reached after 105 trading days. The CMAR decays fairly rapidly thereafter possibly in anticipation of the expiry of the six-month lockup period. Further, we find strong evidence of a linkage between technical ex-ante observable variables and the momentum build-up. We conjecture that visceral factors may at …
Survival Analysis With Artificially Constructed Events, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Survival Analysis With Artificially Constructed Events, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Economics
One of the key elements of survival models is that they enable the researcher to determine whether the length of time an individual (or economic entity) spends in a particular state affects the probability of exiting that state. Natural applications in economics and finance include the analysis of unemployment spells, corporate bankruptcies and mortgage pre-payments. The distinguishing feature of most applications is the definitive event that marks the transition from the origin to the transition state. We believe that limiting the use of survival analysis to applications in which the event duration appears to be 'naturally' available is an unnecessary …
Mean Reversion And The Asset Allocation Decisions, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Mean Reversion And The Asset Allocation Decisions, Sanjiv Jaggia, Satish Thosar
Economics
Until fairly recently the conventional wisdom in the finance academic community was that security prices follow a random walk. Some influential papers have uncovered evidence of mean reversion particularly over longer horizons. Siegel (1998) has suggested that given this evidence: "the holding period becomes a crucial issue when the data reveal the mean reversion of the stock returns." In this paper, we explore the pattern of mean reversion in post-World War ll U.S. stock returns and find that it peaks in a 4-year cycle. Given this empirical regularity we show that a buy-and-hold investment strategy, which is appropriate under a …
Identifying High-Volume Printing Processes, Malcolm G. Keif, Tom Goglio
Identifying High-Volume Printing Processes, Malcolm G. Keif, Tom Goglio
Graphic Communication
Printing professionals frequently examine printing to see how pieces were produced. They break out loupes and look at the dots. Is it offset or gravure? How about flexo? It is important to be able to distinguish among printing processes through examination in order to determine the key variables to control for quality printing. Further, expertise is established and confidence built when a professional can determine how something is printed.
A Vos Souhaits !, Brett B. Bodemer