Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Evolution Of Marine Mammal Hunting: A View From The California And Oregon Coasts, William R. Hildebrandt, Terry L. Jones

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Intergovernmental Competition, Voice And Exit Options And The Design Of Fiscal Structure, Michael L. Marlow

Economics

Taxpayers may reveal their assessment of policy through exercise of available voice and exit options within the fiscal constitution. The voice option is utilized when taxpayers remain within political boundaries and attempt to communicate their assessments regarding the institutionalstatus quo to policymakers. Exercise of the exit option occurs when taxpayers signal discontent with thestatus quo by purchasing from another government supplier. This paper discusses and contrasts theconventional andconstitutional economics views toward fiscal design and argues that a major difference exists regarding the issue of who should be awarded primary responsibility in the policy process: taxpayers or policymakers? Because voice and …

Sustained Growth In The Model Of Overlapping Generations, Eric O'N. Fisher

Economics

This paper analyzes endogenous economic growth in the model of overlapping generations. There is no bequest motive, nor are there any externalities. If the technology is convex, per capita growth can occur only if the economy has at least two sectors. This paper shows that the limiting marginal efficiency of investment determines the potential for growth and that the rate of growth depends upon the share of the capital stock devoted to investment. Sustained consumption growth can occur only under a fairly restrictive set of assumptions. There is an equilibrium with growth only if the marginal propensity to save is …

Loss Of Control, Attributions, And Helplessness In The Homeless, Shawn M. Burn

Psychology and Child Development

Control has emerged as an important psychological variable. The purpose of this project was to extend the concept of environmental control to the homeless shelter environment. Data from interviews conducted with residents of a homeless shelter supported the hypothesis that perceived loss of control over the shelter environment would be positively related to giving up on finding a home and employment. The hypothesis that the helplessness created by low control environments is consistent with the external, stable attributional style of “universal” helplessness was partially supported. Suggestions for future research are provided. Changes in the shelter environment are recommended for the …

Estimating The Effectiveness Of Extension Information Systems Using Farm Trical And Subjective Probabilities, Wayne H. Howard, Robert W. Blake, Thomas O. Knight, Richard C. Shumway, Michael A. Tomaszewski

Agribusiness

A method of combining survey data and Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA) records to achieve low cost farm trials is presented. Farm trials and surveys of current practices and production responses are useful to identify yield gaps between expectations predicted from experimental findings and actual field results. Different management schemes can be ranked using subjective probabilities and stochastic dominance to enhance successful implementation of research findings and to increase the feedback between researchers, extension workers, and producers. A survey of current masitis control practices and expected milk yield response is the example. Combining survey results with DHIA records allowed estimating …

Lower Class Insurgency And The Political Process: The Response Of The U.S. Unemployed, 1890- 1940, Harold R. Kerbo, Richard A. Shaffer

Social Sciences

This paper examines the level of protest activity by the unemployed in the United States between 1890 and 1940 as a test of the value of a political process model for explaining social movement activity. Data on protest events and elite attitudes towards the unemployed were collected from newspaper articles. Voting behavior was used as an indicator of contested elections and unemployment levels were reflected by available indicators. Con- sistent with previous research on lower- and working-class mobilization, a change in the political environment was key to the extensive protest by the unemployed in the 1930s. Toward the end of …

The International Effects Of U.S. Farm Subsidies, Eric O'N. Fisher, Harry De Gorter

Economics

Using dynamic programming, this paper examines effects of farm subsidies on U.S. exports of corn, cotton, rice, and wheat. The six policy simulations described here explore alternative proposals in the current round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The analysis leads to two conclusions. First, abolishing domestic subsidies lowers world prices of these crops. Second, imposing tighter supply controls may not actually decrease exports in the short run.

Infographics And Annual Reports For Nonprofit Organizations, John R. Hall

Graphic Communication

In recent years, the readership of annual reports has been steadily declining. Nonprofit organizations are investigating new solutions to refresh their reports and make them more appealing. The purpose of this study was to test whether or not infographics is a more effective way for nonprofit organizations to present their annual reports than traditional means.

The study investigated possible causes for the diminishing readership of annual reports and how to best address those causes. Shortening attention spans and people’s desire for briefer engagements points to the advantages of infographics. Over a hundred surveys were conducted where people were shown a …

Elkhorn Slough Revisited: Reassessing The Chronology Of Ca-Mnt-229, Terry L. Jones, Deborah A. Jones

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Divergent Perceptions Of Lesbians: A Comparison Of Lesbian Self-Perceptions And Heterosexual Perceptions, Denise C. Viss, Shawn M. Burn

Psychology and Child Development

Social-psychological research on stereotyping was applied to lesbianism among American college students. The hypothesis that stereotypes of lesbians are often inaccurate predictors of individual lesbians was supported. Using stereotypes of lesbians identified by previous research, lesbians rated themselves on a series of bipolar stereotypical adjectives, and a comparison group of nonlesbians rated lesbians as a group on these same adjectives. Significant differences were found on 16 of the 21 adjectives. Knowing a lesbian personally did not influence heterosexuals' ratings, suggesting the resistance of stereotypes to change.

Empirical Models Of Debt-Rescheduling With Sovereign Immunity, Robert B. Avery, Eric O'N. Fisher

Economics

The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature on empirical models of debt-rescheduling in international financial markets. The discussion focuses primarily on the statistical techniques that have been developed. These fall into two areas: discriminant-analysis and probabilistic-choice models. We also present other methods that might prove useful in future empirical research in this area. In particular, we discuss debt-rescheduling from the point of view of an explicitly dynamic economic analysis. This chapter is divided into three sections. In the first section, we review the applied literature on international debt-rescheduling. We focus primarily on empirical studies and give only …

Broad-Crested Weir Application On 15,000-Acre Farm, Stuart W. Styles

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

Growers in California have been subjected to increasing pressure to account for water used on the farm due to limited water supplies and increasing energy costs. Water measurement capability provides for equitable distribution of assigned costs and enables effective water management to be accomplished. Broad-crested weirs are proven water measurement devices, especially when applied to on-farm applications. The broad-crested weirs and published data were developed by the USDA Agricultural Research Service in Phoenix, Arizona. This paper is a discussion of an application of these weirs.