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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Avoiding Anthropomoralism, Julian Friedland
Avoiding Anthropomoralism, Julian Friedland
Between the Species
The Montreal Declaration on Animal Exploitation, which has been endorsed by hundreds of influential academic ethicists, calls for establishing a vegan economy by banning what it refers to as all unnecessary animal suffering, including fishing. It does so by appeal to the moral principle of equal consideration of comparable interests. I argue that this principle is misapplied by discounting morally relevant cognitive capacities of self-conscious and volitional personhood as distinguished from merely sentient non-personhood. I describe it as a kind of anthropomorphizing moralism which I call anthropomoralism, defined as the tendency to project morally relevant characteristics of personhood onto merely …
Jati Kutta: The Street Dog, The Servant, And Me, Lisa Warden Phd
Jati Kutta: The Street Dog, The Servant, And Me, Lisa Warden Phd
Between the Species
Caste, class, race, and species collide in this narrative nonfiction piece about an injured street dog, his foreign rescuer, and her Dalit housekeeper in Ahmedabad, India.
Review Of Federico Zuolo's Animals, Political Liberalism And Public Reason, Josh Milburn
Review Of Federico Zuolo's Animals, Political Liberalism And Public Reason, Josh Milburn
Between the Species
No abstract provided.
Review Of Lisa Kemmerer's Sister Species: Women, Animals, And Social Justice, Marine Lercier
Review Of Lisa Kemmerer's Sister Species: Women, Animals, And Social Justice, Marine Lercier
Between the Species
What do we have in common with animals, and what do these women have in common? We are Sister Species, if not sisters at all. Lisa Kemmerer invites us to realize that we are more alike than different and to become aware of what our animal brothers and especially sisters experience: the suffering they endure because of our absurd inconsistencies and oppositions - even within the animal rights movement, often unbeknownst to us. The goal: more effective discourse and action, educating us to the other in the face of a norm imposed by a power, a discourse of normalization …
Fishy Reasoning And The Ethics Of Eating, Mylan Engel Jr.
Fishy Reasoning And The Ethics Of Eating, Mylan Engel Jr.
Between the Species
Ethical vegetarians believe that it is morally wrong to eat meat. Yet, many self-ascribed “ethical vegetarians” continue to eat fish. The question I explore here is this: Can one coherently maintain that it is morally wrong to eat meat, but morally permissible to eat fish? I argue that it is morally inconsistent for ethical vegetarians to eat fish, not on the obvious yet superficial ground that fish flesh is meat, but on the morally substantive ground that fish are sentient intelligent beings capable of experiencing morally significant pain and thus deserve moral consideration equal to that owed birds and mammals.
Biophilia: Alienation And Solidarity, Ralph Acampora
Biophilia: Alienation And Solidarity, Ralph Acampora
Between the Species
Biophilia, theorized by Fromm, Wilson, and Kellert, is examined as a potential support for a pro-animal ethos. First, I look at the idea and its definitions at the hands of its chief theorizers. Then I investigate how different stages of human cultural development (foraging, pastoralism, industrial agriculture) have influenced different aspects of biophilia—especially as this bears on animal alienation. Finally, I consider possible remedies in the form of renewed patterns of solidarity with other species, one of which transforms Marx’ concept of species-being. The article has ethical implications, but it is essentially a work in philosophical anthropology.
Interspecies Political Agency In The Total Liberation Movement, Michael P. Allen, Erica Von Essen
Interspecies Political Agency In The Total Liberation Movement, Michael P. Allen, Erica Von Essen
Between the Species
In this paper, we examine the possibility of interspecies political agency at the level of social movements. We ask to what extent animals and humans can be co-participants in one another’s liberation from oppression. To do so, we assess arguments for and against including animals in the ‘total liberation package’, taken as the liberation from oppressive societal structures. These are not pragmatic-political arguments, but conceptual-philosophical arguments that have been put before animal liberationists attempting to ‘piggy-back’ on human liberation movements. In discrediting these philosophical arguments, we argue that animals have capacities for self-liberation that humans can facilitate and that animals, …
Heganism, Thomas E. Randall
Heganism, Thomas E. Randall
Between the Species
An emblematic association exists between meat consumption and the gender identity hegemonic masculinity. This association is so strong that men who pursue meatless diets (especially vegans) are likely to be socially ostracized. Heganism is a diet/gender identity that aims to reconstruct hegemonic masculinity with the goal of removing these stigmas attached to male veganism. Yet heganism fails to do this, and, in fact, worsens the marginalization of male vegans. Therefore, heganism ought to be rejected. Instead, an alternative option for reducing the marginalization of male vegans could be found in the emergent literature on non-hegemonic masculinities. By rejecting hegemonic …
Why Do We Care?: A Natural History Of Noddings’ Ethical Theory, Walter Jason Niedermeyer
Why Do We Care?: A Natural History Of Noddings’ Ethical Theory, Walter Jason Niedermeyer
Between the Species
Noddings’ theory of caring, which is nearing its 35th anniversary, has failed to garner the attention of the more classical theories of ethics. This slight may be due to its relative youth, or the historical support for other constructs, but if examined through the lens of evolutionary biology, the validity of Noddings might be tested. Using recent discoveries from the emerging fields of cognitive ethology and neuroscience, I have evaluated whether there exists evolutionary underpinnings for her theory. My analysis makes it apparent that the empathy and altruism required for the practice of caring are as much a product …
Review Of Our Children And Other Animals, Corey L. Wrenn
Review Of Our Children And Other Animals, Corey L. Wrenn
Between the Species
Cole and Stewart’s 2014 release, Our Children and Other Animals: The Cultural Construction of Human-Animal Relations in Childhood, offers an important sociological contribution to liberatory vegan research. The book's primary value is its critical examination of childhood socialization processes that habituate humans to speciesism through the institutions of family, education, and mass media.
Wild-But-Not-Too-Wild Animals: Challenging Goldilocks Standards In Rewilding, Erica Von Essen, Michael P. Allen
Wild-But-Not-Too-Wild Animals: Challenging Goldilocks Standards In Rewilding, Erica Von Essen, Michael P. Allen
Between the Species
Rewilding is positioned as ‘post’-conservation through its emphasis on unleashing the autonomy of natural processes. In this paper, we argue that the autonomy of nature rhetoric in rewilding is challenged by human interventions. Instead of joining critique toward the ‘managed wilderness’ approach of rewilding, however, we examine the injustices this entails for keystone species. Reintroduction case studies demonstrate how arbitrary standards for wildness are imposed on these animals as they do their assigned duty to rehabilitate ecosystems. These ‘Goldilocks’ standards are predicated on aesthetic values that sanction interventions inconsistent with the premise of animal sovereignty. These include culling, relocations and …
Review: Animal Oppression & Human Violence, Corey L. Wrenn
Review: Animal Oppression & Human Violence, Corey L. Wrenn
Between the Species
No abstract provided.
Decentering Anthropocentrisms: A Functional Approach To Animal Minds, Matthew C. Altman
Decentering Anthropocentrisms: A Functional Approach To Animal Minds, Matthew C. Altman
Between the Species
Anthropocentric biases manifest themselves in two different ways in research on animal cognition. Some researchers claim that only humans have the capacity for reasoning, beliefs, and interests; and others attribute mental concepts to nonhuman animals on the basis of behavioral evidence, and they conceive of animal cognition in more or less human terms. Both approaches overlook the fact that language-use deeply informs mental states, such that comparing human mental states to the mental states of nonlinguistic animals is misguided. In order to avoid both pitfalls -- assuming that animals have mental lives just like we do, or assuming that they …
An Interview With Sue Donaldson And Will Kymlicka, Angus Taylor
An Interview With Sue Donaldson And Will Kymlicka, Angus Taylor
Between the Species
Angus Taylor interviews Sue Donaldson and Will Kymlicka, authors of Zoopolis: A Political Theory of Animal Rights (Oxford University Press, 2011).
Shared Responsibility In A Multispecies Playground, Marcus Baynes-Rock
Shared Responsibility In A Multispecies Playground, Marcus Baynes-Rock
Between the Species
While conducting research on urbanised hyenas in Harar, Ethiopia, I was approached by a young hyena named Willi. In contrast to other hyenas, who tolerated my presence but otherwise had little interest in me, Willi insisted on some kind of engagement. Through biting, chase play, combing, following and standing by one other, Willi and I went beyond our species limitations and created an improvised intersubjectivity based on a will to understand. However, our friendship led to some harmful consequences for which I felt responsible. This led me to question the ethics of engagement with non-humans: if unforeseen harms can result …