Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Which Way Is Right?, Jane Leftwich Curry

Political Science

"LEFT, Right, But Always Forward" was this year's election slogan for the Freedom Union, whose leaders went from anti-communist opposition to head the first noncommunist government in Poland in 1989. Today's Polish party leaders show the same lack of concern with traditional political definitions. Back when the Communist Party was voted out, the meaning of the election seemed clear to most voters: the choice was for or against continued communist control. Now, left and right have blurred and compromised. Parties focus on political theory rather than on voters' legitimate concerns about the economy. As a result, last month's elections in …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 39 Number 3, Autumn 1997, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 -THE ART OF AN LNTEGRATED EDUCATION How the University connects learning and living, knowing and acting. By Paul Locatelli, S.J., '60

10 - DOUBLE OR NOTHING The University's resident experts discuss the pros and cons of cloning. By Robin K Sterns, Ph.D. Illustrations by Dug Waggoner

17 - SCU: BLUEPRINT FOR THE FUTURE The face of the campus is changing. In the near future six new structures will rise at SCU. By Susan Vogel

23 - SHEDDING LIGHT ON THE HEART OF DARKNESS Two photographers illuminate a shameful period in American history. By Christiaan T. Lievestro, Ph.D.

A Comparative Survey Of Job Prospects For The Period 1991-1996, Matthew C. Bell, Adam S. Goodie

Psychology

How discouraging is the job market for young scientists these days? It seems that most scientists who have tried to land a job in· recent years can tell you, unambiguously, "Very." Are prospects bleaker for some experimental psychologists than for others? To us, it subjectively seemed so. In an effort to answer this question more rigorously. we analyzed issues of the APS Observer Employment Bulletin, published by the American Psychological Society, from 1991-1996. Admittedly, the number of classified ads for jobs in a specific category is only one index of the job prospects for that category, but it is a …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 39 Number 2, Summer 1997, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - THE BEST TEST SCORE MONEY CAN BUY If you can afford it, taking a cram course can make a difference. But does a higher score indicate the breadth of your knowledge or just the thickness of your wallet? By Jeff Brazil '85

12 - THE FUTURE OF HISTORY MAJORS Studying the past can lead to present-day success. By Kathryn Bold '81

16 - BITTER HARVEST Researchers witness the impact of civil war, famine, and Islamic militants on life in a Sudanese village. By Susan Frey

The Political Economy Of Reali-Tv, Chad Raphael

Communication

From the sea change in U.S. television in the 1980s emerged a programming trend variously described as "infotainment," "reality-based television," "tabloid TV," "crime-time television," "trash TV," and "on-scene shows."[1][open notes in new window] The welter of terms created by television critics to describe these new programs masked their underlying connection as a response to economic restructuring within the industry. This essay offers a rough categorization of these programs, sketches the industrial context from which they emerged, and points to the economic problems they were meant to solve.[2] Although my focus here is on political economy, rather than on textual or …

Ethics @ Email: Do New Media Require New Ethics?, Paul A. Soukup

Communication

As more and more day-to-day interaction in business and academia has begun to take place through electronic mail, probably every one of its users has experienced some breakdown. By now, we have come to expect occasional hardware failures, but the human ones still catch us by surprise.

That message we dashed off with no ill intent is received with hard feelings. Or it is forwarded to someone we never meant should see it. Or, unbeknown to us, it is read by our boss.

E-mail has raised a host of ethical questions about how we treat one another and how we …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 39 Number 1, Spring 1997, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - BLUE SKY INVASION Searching for the American Dream, aerospace workers transform the Santa Clara Valley. By David Beers '79, Illustrations by Dug Waggoner

15 - SEEING IS BELIEVING Professor Sally Wood develops software to help students visualize basic engineering concepts. By Laura Trujillo '92

18 - CONFRONTING THE SCARS OF CENTURIES A legal challenge to California's Proposition 209 is the latest round in a long- running debate over affirmative action. By Margaret M. Russell

26 - SHADOWY ALLIANCE A recent expose alleging CIA links to the crack cocaine epidemic in California's inner cities raises questions about responsibility and …

Personality Expectations And Perceptions Of Roman Catholic Clergy Members, Thomas G. Plante, Marcus T. Boccaccini

Psychology

This study examined the expectations of Roman Catholic priests' personality characteristics. Personality measures (i.e., Symptom Check List-90-Revised, Weinberger Adjustment Inventory, Belief in Personal Control Scale, and several authordesigned measures) were administered to 102 undergraduate students. The subjects' perceptions of Roman Catholic priests' personality traits were examined by having the subjects complete the Personality Adjective Checklist (PACL) describing a typical Roman Catholic priest. These scores were compared to PACL scores from 12 successful applicants to the priesthood. Findings suggest that subjects tend to view Roman Catholic priests stereotypically as authority figures and that Catholic subjects view priests more positively than do …

Understanding Audience Understanding, Paul A. Soukup

Communication

Communication study has approached the issue of audience understanding of messages from the perspective of the message and from that of the audience. On the one hand, the "powerful-message" construct paints the audience as passive recipients of the meaning presented in the media. On the other hand, the "active audience" construct places most interpretive power in the audience, stressing their selectivity of messages, their use of the media, their social positions, and their ability to generate new messages based on the media. A middle position sees audience understanding emerge from an interaction between messages and audience members.

El Triunfo Del Amor: Selecciones De Poesia Amorosa De-Y Para-La Comunidad, Sara Soledad Garcia

Teacher Education

Este epigrafe, mas algunas otras ideas de la autora, me han inspirado para la breve presentación interpretativa de la siguiente selección de poemas, anticipo del libro sobre este tema, Eclipse and Umbras Love Poems by Chicanas and Friends, que preparo en colaboración con Bernice Zamora. Varios de las/ os poetas representados somos autores no profesionales a quien la poesia se nos impuso en una circunstancia concreta de nuestras vidas. De aqui que el contenido, en muchos de estos poemas, desborda a la forma pues presupone una intertextualidad basada en la interacción de contenidos, y no de formas, de un fondo …

Self Narrative And The Process Of Inquiry In Teacher Development: Living And Working In Just Institutions, Sara Soledad Garcia

Teacher Education

Historically the cultures of certain ethnic groups in the United States have been rendered invisible in school pedagogy. New stipulations for credentialing in California, however, require teachers to reflect critically upon the meaning of cultural difference, including their own thinking and lived experience as well as the lives, backgrounds, and cultural history ofthe children they teach. To be effective in culturally diverse classrooms, teachers must confront certain contradictions in their own identity. Most teacher candidates have shaped their identity according to a set of mainstream values and beliefs that has denigrated cultural difference. The personal confrontation with difference and self-identity …

Beyond Burritos And Lumpia: Ethnic Identity As A Difference In Preservice Teacher Education, Sara Soledad Garcia, E. Litton

Teacher Education

Teachers play a pivotal role in society. On a daily basis they influence the futures of the children they encounter. Not only do they teach children how to read and write butteachers are also charged with the task of creating responsible citizens who should think critically about society. Teacher educators, and specifically those individuals charged with the task of preparing preservice teachers, have responsibilities similar to teachers in the field. Education, on any level, ought to be a transformative process.

Thus, the preparation of teachers as instruments of social change ought to be a central focus in preservice teacher education …

Chemistry Journal Use And Cost: Results Of A Longitudinal Study, Tina E. Chrzastowski, Brian M. Olesko

Staff publications, research, and presentations

Journal-use studies were conducted in the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Chemistry Library in 1988, 1993, and most recently in 1996. Between 1988 and 1996, the cost of purchasing the journal collection rose 66.9% while use of the collection rose 34.2%. These increases occurred during the cancellation of over 180 chemistry journals between 1988 and 1996. The data point to a collection with obvious "top" journals that generate most of the use. While the data confirm the 80/20 rule ( 84% of use was generated by the top 100 journals in 1996, approximately 20% of the journal collection), journal use …

A Developmental State Without Growth? Explaining The Paradox Of Burkina Faso In A Comparative Perspective, Michael Kevane, Pierre Englebert

Economics

For scholars of Africa's political economy, an important problem has been explaining and understanding how a country escapes rule by criminals and warlords and instead comes to be directed by a set of lower-key kleptocrats who operate within a set of institutions which on the whole promote incentives and preferences for good "governance". In this paper, we look at how a state has emerged in Burkina Faso which has overall been benevolent and developmental, at least by Sahelian standards. We argue that a host of factors have spared the modern state a substantial social challenge and have allowed for relatively …