Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Rapamycin Rescues Vascular, Metabolic And Learning Deficits In Apolipoprotein E4 Transgenic Mice With Pre-Symptomatic Alzheimer’S Disease, Ai-Ling Lin, Jordan B. Jahrling, Wei Zhang, Nicholas Derosa, Vikas Bakshi, Peter Romero, Veronica Galvan, Arlan Richardson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele is a common susceptibility gene for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Brain vascular and metabolic deficits can occur in cognitively normal apolipoprotein E ɛ4 carriers decades before the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The goal of this study was to determine whether early intervention using rapamycin could restore neurovascular and neurometabolic functions, and thus impede pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms in pre-symptomatic Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 transgenic mice. Using in vivo, multimodal neuroimaging, we found that apolipoprotein E ɛ4 mice treated with rapamycin had restored cerebral blood flow, blood–brain barrier integrity and glucose metabolism, compared …

Inter-Organizational Network Effects On The Implementation Of Public Health Services, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Background: The Affordable Care Act created new incentives for hospitals, insurers, public health agencies, and others to contribute to disease prevention and health promotion activities, potentially changing inter-organizational relationships and expanding implementation of strategies that improve population health. This study uses data from the 1998-2014 National Longitudinal Survey of Public Health Systems to examine: (1) the extent and nature of change in inter-organizational contributions to public health activities; (2) whether network changes attenuate or exacerbate disparities in public health implementation across communities; and (3) how network changes affect preventable mortality and resource use.

Methods: We follow a longitudinal cohort of …

Exploring The Structure Of Library And Information Science Web Space Based On Multivariate Analysis Of Social Tags, Soohyung Joo, Margaret E. I. Kipp

Information Science Faculty Publications

Introduction. This study examines the structure of Web space in the field of library and information science using multivariate analysis of social tags from the Website, Delicious.com. A few studies have examined mathematical modelling of tags, mainly examining tagging in terms of tri-partite graphs, pattern tracing and descriptive statistics. This study is one of the few studies to employ multivariate analysis in investigating dimensions of Web spaces based on social tagging data.

Method. This study examines the post data collected from a set of library and information science related Websites bookmarked on Delicious.com using a Web crawler. Post data consist …

Mice Deficient In Endothelial Α5 Integrin Are Profoundly Resistant To Experimental Ischemic Stroke, Jill Roberts, Leon De Hoog, Gregory J. Bix

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Stroke is a disease in dire need of better therapies. We have previously shown that a fragment of the extracellular matrix proteoglycan, perlecan, has beneficial effects following cerebral ischemia via the α5β1 integrin receptor. We now report that endothelial cell selective α5 integrin deficient mice (α5 KO) are profoundly resistant to ischemic infarct after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Specifically, α5 KOs had little to no infarct 2–3 days post-stroke, whereas controls had an increase in mean infarct volume over the same time period as expected. Functional outcome is also improved in the α5 KOs compared with controls. Importantly, no …

Early Shifts Of Brain Metabolism By Caloric Restriction Preserve White Matter Integrity And Long-Term Memory In Aging Mice, Janet Guo, Vikas Bakshi, Ai-Ling Lin

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Preservation of brain integrity with age is highly associated with lifespan determination. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to increase longevity and healthspan in various species; however, its effects on preserving living brain functions in aging remain largely unexplored. In the study, we used multimodal, non-invasive neuroimaging (PET/MRI/MRS) to determine in vivo brain glucose metabolism, energy metabolites, and white matter structural integrity in young and old mice fed with either control or 40% CR diet. In addition, we determined the animals’ memory and learning ability with behavioral assessments. Blood glucose, blood ketone bodies, and body weight were also measured. We …

Settlement-Size Scaling Among Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherer Settlement Systems In The New World, W. Randall Haas, Cynthia J. Klink, Greg J. Maggard, Mark S. Aldenderfer

Anthropology Faculty Publications

Settlement size predicts extreme variation in the rates and magnitudes of many social and ecological processes in human societies. Yet, the factors that drive human settlement-size variation remain poorly understood. Size variation among economically integrated settlements tends to be heavy tailed such that the smallest settlements are extremely common and the largest settlements extremely large and rare. The upper tail of this size distribution is often formalized mathematically as a power-law function. Explanations for this scaling structure in human settlement systems tend to emphasize complex socioeconomic processes including agriculture, manufacturing, and warfare-behaviors that tend to differentially nucleate and disperse populations …

Estimating Health & Economic Gains From Public Health Delivery System Transformation, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Objectives: The Affordable Care Act created new resources and incentives for hospitals, insurers, public health agencies, and others to contribute to disease prevention and health promotion activities, potentially changing the structure of public health delivery systems and expanding the implementation of strategies that improve population health. This study uses data from the 1998-2014 National Longitudinal Survey of Public Health Systems to examine: (1) the extent and nature of change in inter-organizational contributions to public health activities, which we use as indicators of public health system change; and (2) the effects of these changes on preventable mortality and resource use. Methods: …

Residual Impact Of Previous Injury On Musculoskeletal Characteristics In Special Forces Operators, Jeffrey J. Parr, Nicholas C. Clark, John P. Abt, Julie Y. Kresta, Karen A. Keenan, Shawn F Kane, Scott M. Lephart

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are a significant burden to United States Army Special Operations Forces. The advanced tactical skill level and physical training required of Army Special Operators highlights the need to optimize musculoskeletal characteristics to reduce the likelihood of suffering a recurrent injury.

Purpose: To identify the residual impact of previous injury on musculoskeletal characteristics.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: Isokinetic strength of the knee, shoulder, and back and flexibility of the shoulder and hamstrings were assessed as part of a comprehensive human performance protocol, and self-reported musculoskeletal injury history was obtained. Subjects were stratified based …

Library Analytics And Assessment: The Sine Qua Non Of Measuring Our Success, Jennifer A. Bartlett

Library Faculty and Staff Publications

This "New and Noteworthy" discusses recent and classic titles related to library evaluation and assessment in academic, public, and school library settings. Key online resources are also discussed.

Para-Expertise, Tacit Knowledge, And Writing Problems, Jenny Rice

Writing, Rhetoric, and Digital Studies Faculty Publications

My office is on the thirteenth floor of an eighteen-story concrete tower that sits in the heart of campus. The building is so massively disproportionate to other buildings that it looms over the entire campus. Inside, the hallways are long and narrow, with no windows or natural light. A bank of six large elevators takes up the center space of each floor. Perhaps it is not surprising that this office tower has become the source of campus lore and legends among students and faculty. During my first semester on campus, a student asked if I knew the history of my …

Kentucky’S Public Health Strategic Plan: Strengthening Foundational Services & Improving Population Health, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

This session examines recent progress toward the 2012 Institute of Medicine recommendation to identify the components and costs of a "minimum package" of public health services and foundational capabilities to be available across the U.S. Research about the health and economic benefits of Foundational Public Health Services has begun to shape Kentucky's strategic plan for transforming the public health system.

Analytic Approaches For Causal Inference With Complex Multi-Component Interventions, Glen P. Mays, Arnold J. Stromberg, Jing Li, Mark V. Williams

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Estimating the causal effects of complex, multi-component health interventions is a task with many challenges in measurement and methodology. This presentation profiles the methods being used as part of the PCORI-funded Project Achieve, a national study to estimate the comparative effectiveness of heterogeneous care transition programs designed to help hospitalized patients and their caregivers navigate care delivery systems effectively and return back to the community with optimal health and wellbeing.

Ky Digital Newspaper Program, Kopana Terry

Library Presentations

Kopana Terry details the University of Kentucky Libraries' past, present and future newspaper digitization program, including how newspaper digitization came to fruition, selecting content for digitization, copyright, digitization from paper vs. film, vendor selection, software, and keeping the program afloat during tough economic circumstances.

Meaning In The Spaces: Archivists' Impact On The Historical Record, Ruth E. Bryan

Library Presentations

Archives and “the archives” are culturally-specific places and materials. In the same way, both individual archivists and users of archives are situated in specific, often different, contexts of culture and identity. Archives are also spaces where researchers encounter sources for creating history. Thus, as both archival professionals and users of archival material, the meanings we construct for ourselves through understanding our past can be thought of as being constantly generated in the ever-changing spaces within and across archival sources, where individual donors, archivists, and researchers, archival professional standards, daily practical needs, and repositories’ organizational missions interact and interrelate. Because each …

Southeastern Law Librarian Fall 2015, Seaall

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Want A Job? Get A College Degree, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

While it is well known that a positive relationship exists between educational attainment and earnings for those who are in the labor market, an important part of how education impacts the well-being of families in Kentucky is the access to employment that it provides. In this brief, we examine the relationship between education and two measures of employment status: unemployment and labor force participation. What we find is quite striking: not only do those with higher education experience less unemployment, they are far more likely to be participating in the labor market. Education leads to better access to employment.

Education Pays Everywhere!, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

Economists and other researchers have long demonstrated the relationship between education and earnings. In this brief, we focus on the relationship between educational attainment and earnings in the state of Kentucky. Our results, in many ways, are unsurprising, as the old ad campaign said, “Education Pays.” What may be surprising is that we demonstrate that education pays not only in the big cities of Lexington and Louisville, but also in the more rural parts of the state, such as eastern Kentucky and western Kentucky.

Moving People Off Public Assistance Programs Through Education, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

Two of the largest federal transfer programs are the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI). Federal expenditures on SNAP exceeded $74 billion in 2014, and SSI exceeded $3 billion. While these programs provide families in distress with important support, ideally we desire that Kentucky families would not require this kind of assistance. In 2014, over 800,000 Kentuckians received SNAP assistance each month while over 190,000 received SSI. This brief examines the relationship between participation in these programs and educational attainment for Kentuckians. We find that education is highly related to participation and that those with higher …

Crime And Punishment And Education, Christopher R. Bollinger, Bethany L. Paris

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

Crime impacts the lives of Kentuckians in myriad ways. It has direct costs to victims and indirect costs through property values and business activity. Citizens and policymakers alike desire to reduce and limit crime. In this brief, we investigate the link between crime rates in Kentucky’s counties and the aggregate level of education. Perhaps surprisingly, higher education, and specifically the percent of the population with a Bachelor’s degree, is associated with lower crime. We find that increasing educational attainment in Kentucky to the U.S. levels could reduce the costs of crime by over $3 million annually.

How To Raise State Revenue Without Raising Taxes, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

A positive relationship exists between educational attainment and earnings, which has been well established in the literature through multiple studies. This, in turn, influences the revenues generated for the state of Kentucky through the personal income tax. We predict even the modest change of increasing Associate’s and Bachelor’s degree holders by 1% would increase revenue by $37 million. Kentucky loses between $300 million and $500 million in state tax revenues every year because our educational attainment is lower than the national average.

Impact Of Education On Medicaid Eligibility, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

The individual mandate of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) coupled with the Medicaid expansion in Kentucky makes reducing Medicaid eligibility rates of crucial importance. This brief examines the link between education and eligibility for Medicaid for the citizens of Kentucky. In general, the relationship is nearly mechanical in that higher education leads to higher incomes. Since income is the key determining factor of Medicaid eligibility, and because of the individual mandate eligibility is mostly equivalent to participation, our estimates show that higher education reduces the likelihood that an adult will be on Medicaid or have children and family members on …

Education For Your Health!, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

The health of the people of Kentucky is of high concern for policymakers and citizens alike. Individuals want to live healthy, productive lives, while policymakers recognize that chronic illnesses cost the state in myriad ways. In this brief, we examine the link between educational attainment and health outcomes. We focus on two groups of health outcomes. The first are behavioral and include choices: tobacco use, alcohol use, obesity, and exercise. The second group are outcomes highly associated with these behaviors: heart attack, angina, stroke, and diabetes. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimates that these four diseases may cost Kentuckians …

The Effects Of Education Across The Kentucky Economy, Christopher R. Bollinger

Issue Brief on Topics Affecting Kentucky’s Economy

The Center for Business and Economic Research (CBER) (Gatton College, University of Kentucky) was commissioned by Kentucky’s Council for Postsecondary Education to examine the implications of education across the Kentucky economy. This study used data on Kentuckians from the American Community Survey (ACS), the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), and the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). The focus on Kentucky is unique, as most studies of this kind have used only national data. The results have allowed us to examine how education is related to important outcomes related …

Careful Commitments: Democratic States And Alliance Design, Daina Chiba, Jesse C. Johnson, Brett Ashley Leeds

Political Science Faculty Publications

Evidence suggests that leaders of democratic states experience high costs from violating past commitments. We argue that because democratic leaders foresee the costs of violation, they are careful to design agreements they expect to have a high probability of fulfilling. This may cause democratic leaders to prefer flexible or limited commitments. We evaluate our argument by analyzing the design of alliance treaties signed by countries of the world between 1815 and 2003. We find that alliances formed among democratic states are more likely to include obligations for future consultation rather than precommitting leaders to active conflict, and defense pacts formed …

Agriculture Of The Middle Participation In State Branding Campaigns: The Case Of Kentucky, Alicia M. Hullinger, Keiko Tanaka

Community & Leadership Development Faculty Publications

In the past decade, statewide agricultural branding campaigns have blossomed. Examining the case of the Kentucky Proud™ (KyP) program, this paper investigates the potential benefit of a state-level marketing strategy for the declining class of midsize farms, referred to as Agriculture of the Middle (AOTM). First, we discuss why AOTM farms are important to maintaining a viable agriculture structure. Second, we introduce the context of state branding and explain how KyP developed as part of the transition from highly tobacco-dependent agriculture. Using recent agricultural census data and a survey of KyP members, we compare the key characteristics between three sets …

Keeping Up With New Legal Titles, Patricia Alvayay

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In this book review, Patty Alvayay discusses Rethinking Library Technical Services: Redefining Our Profession for the Future by Mary Beth Weber.

Authority Control On A National Scale: Conceptual And Practical Changes To Authorities Under Rda And Uk Libraries’ Naco Training, Julene L. Jones

Library Presentations

This presentation covers changes to authority records and theory of authority work due to FRBR both conceptually and practically, new RDA fields, LC PCC's NACO program and our new NACO workflows post-training.

Many Hands Make Light Work, Part Ii: Name Authority Cooperative (Naco) Training And Workflows At University Of Kentucky Libraries, Julene L. Jones

Library Presentations

The most fun part of cataloging, authority control, is the identity management work performed to maintain consistent access points throughout a library's database. It is increasing in importance as metadata schemas and linked data applications evolve. University of Kentucky has developed multiple strategies for maintaining authority control and most recently, has undertaken NACO training! Our new experimental workflows post-training will be discussed.

We’Ll Show You Ours If You Show Us Yours! Favorite Technologies To Support Information Literacy, Beth Kraemer, Beth Fuchs

Library Presentations

A recent user survey revealed that our students want more online tools to help them find and use library resources successfully. The challenge is finding and developing instruction-related technologies that are not only well-suited for local needs but also engaging and useful for students. We’ll show some of our recent developments, and then, it’s your turn! Come ready to contribute your ideas (or get a head start here: http://bit.ly/Beth2015), and leave with new online tools to explore.

Innovating For Diversity: Uk Libraries Undergraduate Diversity Scholars Internship Program, Peter Hesseldenz, Judy Sackett

Library Presentations

In 2014, the UK Libraries Diversity Committee developed an internship program for undergraduate students who are committed to promoting diversity and multicultural awareness among UK students, staff and faculty. The first two Diversity Scholars became familiar with a variety of academic library-related functions and career options through work within a number of library areas. The program will include a description of the Diversity Scholars program, its goals and results.