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Articles 1 - 30 of 96
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
This Pipe's For You : A Qualitative Exploration Of Glass Shop Owners' Networks, Legitimacy And The Glass Pipe Arts Movement, Anna K. Ryan
This Pipe's For You : A Qualitative Exploration Of Glass Shop Owners' Networks, Legitimacy And The Glass Pipe Arts Movement, Anna K. Ryan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The goal of this dissertation was to gain an insider perspective of the glass shop industry. A qualitative methodology was employed to gather in depth information from 15 participants who owned glass shops. Through interviews and extensive fieldwork, I was given the opportunity to delve into the work lives of innovative and goal oriented entrepreneurs. My motivation for engaging in this research was to uncover the processes that quasi-legitimate business owners utilized in order to operate under paraphernalia laws, which define the products they sell as illegal. Throughout my research, I learned that today's head shops have evolved from their …
The Impact Of Parental Alcohol Use On Alcohol-Related Cognitions, Cathryn Frances Glanton
The Impact Of Parental Alcohol Use On Alcohol-Related Cognitions, Cathryn Frances Glanton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This research was designed to examine parental and cognitive factors that are structurally related to intention for alcohol consumption in college students as well as potential gender differences in these relationships. Multiple-group comparison was used in structural equation modeling to assess data-to-model fit of the hypothesized model. Perceived parental alcohol use, positive expectancies, abstinence self-efficacy in social situations, and intent to drink alcohol were structurally modeled and examined. Seven hundred and fourteen college students completed a number of self-report measures in the data collection stage of the study. Results showed good fit indices of the hypothesized model in both men …
Remote Sensing Of Cloud Properties Using Oxygen A-Band Spectral Measurements, Siwei Li
Remote Sensing Of Cloud Properties Using Oxygen A-Band Spectral Measurements, Siwei Li
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Clouds play an important role in the climate system through their radiative effects and their vital link in the hydrological cycle. Detailed knowledge of the three dimensional (3-D) distribution of cloud macrophysical and microphysical properties is crucial to properly characterize radiative forcing by clouds and to quantify the response of the climate. In this study, a multi-layer cloud detection algorithm is developed by utilizing photon path length distributions retrieved from oxygen A-band spectral measurements. Case studies from measurements at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Southern Great Plains (SGP) site demonstrate that this photon path length method can detect multi-layer clouds …
New Destinations In Context : Explaining The Changing Geography Of Immigrant Settlement, Chris Galvan
New Destinations In Context : Explaining The Changing Geography Of Immigrant Settlement, Chris Galvan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The main objective of this dissertation is to determine what factors predict the growth or decline in foreign-born populations over the last three decades. In order to present a comprehensive analysis, this project also examines racial and ethnic differences within foreign-born population growth and the role that the unit of analysis has in affecting results in such analyses. These objectives are motivated by a number of gaps in the current literature on foreign-born population growth, especially the research on population growth in new destinations of immigrant settlement. Specifically, the primary contributions of my dissertation are that it addresses the following …
Predicting Depressive Symptoms From Acculturative Family Distancing Theory : A Study Of Adult Taiwanese Parachute Kids, Hsin-Hua Lee
Predicting Depressive Symptoms From Acculturative Family Distancing Theory : A Study Of Adult Taiwanese Parachute Kids, Hsin-Hua Lee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current study applied Hwang's (2006a) theory of Acculturative Family Distancing (AFD) to adult Taiwanese parachute kids (Hamilton, 1993), partially replicating and extending Hwang et al.'s (2010) study, which tested relations among AFD, family conflict, and depression. The term parachute kids refers to individuals who immigrated to North America as children or adolescents unaccompanied by parents. It was hypothesized that greater cultural value incongruence and communication breakdown, constructs measured by Hwang's (2006b) AFD Scale, would predict greater family conflict, as measured by the Family Conflict subscale of the Social Interaction Scale (SIS-FC; Kessler et al., 1994), and family conflict would …
Acts Of Defiance : Local Policy Innovation And Diffusion In Same-Sex Marriage, Karyn Teressa Andrade
Acts Of Defiance : Local Policy Innovation And Diffusion In Same-Sex Marriage, Karyn Teressa Andrade
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Like many other controversial social issues, same-sex marriage has followed the ebb and flow of the political stream for almost 30 years in the United States. What pulled this policy issue out of the policy stream and placed it front and center in the public's mind were the actions of a handful of local officials who, in the winter of 2004, acted against the status quo and instituted public policies in favor of same-sex marriage. This research provides a case study analysis of the six localities whose officials acted in defiance of law and social custom, and began issuing marriage …
The Development And Regulation Of Civil Society : Perspectives From The Andes, Susan Marie Appe
The Development And Regulation Of Civil Society : Perspectives From The Andes, Susan Marie Appe
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation is an empirical analysis of a government policy tool--registry of civil society organizations--targeted toward civil society, how civil society and nonprofit organizations respond to the policy tool, and how it influences the development of civil society. The theoretical framework is based on concepts from literature on mapping civil society, policy studies, nonprofit studies, and development studies. The analysis is based on data collected through administrative and legislative documents and 82 interviews with nonprofit leaders in Ecuador and Colombia, South America.
Occupational Stress And The Homosexual Police Officer, David John Barton
Occupational Stress And The Homosexual Police Officer, David John Barton
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation analyzed occupational stress among homosexual officers. Previous researchers have investigated occupational stresses experienced by racial, ethnic and gender minority police officers; however, research has not examined the occupational stresses experienced by homosexual officers. This study utilized an internet survey to gather quantitative data that were statistically analyzed for similarities and differences in how homosexual officers perceive stressors common to all officers and stressors experienced only by minority subgroups, including discrimination. Because homosexual officers have the unique ability to disguise their minority status, this study also examined whether the officers' choices to reveal or conceal their sexual preference affected …
Family Meetings : Facilitators Reflect On Neutrality And Family Empowerment, Ona B. Belser
Family Meetings : Facilitators Reflect On Neutrality And Family Empowerment, Ona B. Belser
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Predictors Of Reactive Aggression Among African American And European American Children : The Role Of Perceived Discrimination, Racial Socialization, And Negative Affect, Marvella Alexandria Bowman
Predictors Of Reactive Aggression Among African American And European American Children : The Role Of Perceived Discrimination, Racial Socialization, And Negative Affect, Marvella Alexandria Bowman
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Drawing upon the ecological systems perspective of Bronfenbrenner (1986) and Spencer's Phenomenological Variant of Ecological Systems Theory (PVEST; 1995, 2003), as well as a reformulation of the frustration hypothesis by Berkowitz (1989), the present study sought to examine a model positing that perceived discrimination acts as a risk factor for reactive aggression; that positive racial socialization messages would buffer against the impact of perceived discrimination on reactive aggression; and that negative affect mediates the relation between the interaction of discrimination and racial socialization and reactive aggression in a sample of 70 African American and European American children (9-13 years of …
How Patrol Officers Make Decisions : Comparing A Structural Model To A Process Model, Heidi Bonner
How Patrol Officers Make Decisions : Comparing A Structural Model To A Process Model, Heidi Bonner
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
A heavy research emphasis on the discretionary decision-making actions by police has led researchers to conduct a substantial amount of work regarding the individual, situational, organizational, and neighborhood influences on police behavior. The culmination of all this work results in one main conclusion - the majority of findings regarding the causes of police behavior are mixed. Further, current models of police behavior account for only a small amount of the variation.
Ensuring The Effectiveness Of Information Security Policy : The Development And Validation Of An Information Security Policy Model, Vivid Vicki Chen
Ensuring The Effectiveness Of Information Security Policy : The Development And Validation Of An Information Security Policy Model, Vivid Vicki Chen
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The purpose of this dissertation is to develop and test a conceptual model of an Information Security Policy (ISP) and to measure the benefits that accrue to organizations that implement and deploy such policies. As a result of rapid changes in technology, the importance of computer Information Security Policy (ISP) has increased dramatically. In recent decades, governments and private enterprises have increasingly come to store ever greater amounts of information on computers and on networks. Unfortunately, storing information in this manner not only makes firms engaged in cutting-edge technology vulnerable to hackers, but may also jeopardize customer / employee relations, …
Flowers In The Trenches : The Experiences Of Women In The Landscaping Profession, Paul E. Calarco, Jr.
Flowers In The Trenches : The Experiences Of Women In The Landscaping Profession, Paul E. Calarco, Jr.
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This research project aims to provide an in-depth analysis of women in the landscaping field. It is important to expand on the literature on nontraditional blue-collar occupations, as more women are moving into these jobs in this 21st century. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (2001), the landscape and horticultural services industry is ranked 11th in the top twenty fastest growing service industries, almost two times the average for job growth. This occupation represents a significant, viable and fruitful arena for sociological investigation, as well a fantastic occupational option for women.
The Impact Of The Welfare Reforms Of 1996 On Migration, Participation And Residential Choice, Samrat Bose
The Impact Of The Welfare Reforms Of 1996 On Migration, Participation And Residential Choice, Samrat Bose
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 gives states wide latitude to institute eligibility rules for welfare payment, set welfare payment amounts and decide on the income threshold that trigger welfare payments under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. Do recipients shop around for the best deal by migrating to a state with higher benefits and liberal eligibility rules in the post-welfare reform era? Does the migration behavior of single mothers support the lifecycle hypothesis? Do states with higher welfare payments and easier eligibility rules have increased participation rates for their migrant population compared …
Maintaining And Regaining Organizational Legitimacy : The U.S. Securities And Exchange Commission, Karen R. Bryce
Maintaining And Regaining Organizational Legitimacy : The U.S. Securities And Exchange Commission, Karen R. Bryce
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Focusing on organizational legitimacy is an essential element to the survival of an organization. Suchman (1995) suggests that "Legitimacy is a generalized perception or assumption that the actions of an entity are desirable, proper, or appropriate within some socially constructed system of norms, values, beliefs, and definitions" (p. 574). Legitimacy must first be gained and then maintained. If lost, legitimacy must be regained or the organization is unlikely to survive. Organizations can use both symbolic and substantive means of gaining, maintaining or regaining legitimacy. This dissertation explores organizational legitimacy by examining the case of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission …
Family Stability As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Child Temperament And Child Adjustment, Meena Choi
Family Stability As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Child Temperament And Child Adjustment, Meena Choi
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Empirical literature has demonstrated a relationship between the constructs of family stability and child adjustment, as well as between child temperament and adjustment. The mechanisms through which these constructs relate to one another, however, have not been directly explored. The current study evaluates one proposed model in which family stability is hypothesized to moderate the relationship between child temperament and child adjustment, such that the relationship between child temperament and child adjustment would vary depending upon the level of molecular family stability present. Participants were 125 parents and 69 teachers of five-year-old children in kindergarten. Parents were asked to complete …
Shifting Standards : The Effect Of Client Race And Level Of Symptomology On Clinical Judgment, Joeleen Cooper
Shifting Standards : The Effect Of Client Race And Level Of Symptomology On Clinical Judgment, Joeleen Cooper
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of relevant factors in working with clients from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. The current study examined how client race and level of symptomology affect the clinical judgments of White counselor trainees using the Shifting Standards theory (Biernat, Manis, & Nelson, 1991; Biernat & Manis, 1994; Biernat, 2003) as a framework. One hundred and eighty four White therapist trainees were randomly assigned into four experimental groups: (1) severely depressed Black client, (2) severely depressed White client, (3) mildly depressed Black client, and (4) mildly depressed White client. The results …
The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) Family Workshop : A Pilot Study Of Preliminary Outcomes And Effect Sizes Of An Attachment-Based Intervention For Family Members Of Veterans With Combat-Related Ptsd, Jennifer M. Courtney
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Abstract
Twelve-Step Program Familiarity And The Referral Process, Cory Brad Dennis
Twelve-Step Program Familiarity And The Referral Process, Cory Brad Dennis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation considered Twelve-Step Program (TSP) referrals as an important area for addressing the less than desirable levels of client participation in TSPs despite the incorporation of them into a majority of substance abuse treatment programs. Clinicians are in a prime position to mentor clients through the socialization process, towards affiliation with the program. TSP familiarity was modeled as foundational to effective mentorship that aims to incorporate of best referral practices. The primary research question guiding this study was: What role does a clinician's level of 12-Step program familiarity have when referring clients to TSPs?
Transracially Adopted Korean Adults' Experiences With Racism : A Qualitative Investigation, Katy Dorsheimer
Transracially Adopted Korean Adults' Experiences With Racism : A Qualitative Investigation, Katy Dorsheimer
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Compared with other racial minority groups, Korean transracial adoptees (KTAs) face a unique experience with racism and race-based stress. In addition to the undue distress that racism causes, most KTAs in the U.S. are raised by white, middle class parents. Given this unique family structure, it is important to gain an understanding of how Korean adoptees respond to racism and race-based stress. The purpose of the present study was to understand KTAs' experiences with racism, including their cognitive, behavioral, and emotional reactions, as well as how these reactions may have changed over time.
Impacts Of A School-Based Mentoring Program On Academic And Behavioral Outcomes For Middle School Youth, Kari Lisa Dupuis
Impacts Of A School-Based Mentoring Program On Academic And Behavioral Outcomes For Middle School Youth, Kari Lisa Dupuis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
ABSTRACT
The Relationship Of Age, Gender, Temperament And Cumulative Risk To Psychopathology In Children And Adolescents, Nancy Kumari Gajee
The Relationship Of Age, Gender, Temperament And Cumulative Risk To Psychopathology In Children And Adolescents, Nancy Kumari Gajee
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Several factors have been associated with psychiatric problems in children and adolescents. There is mounting evidence that intrinsic factors such as age, gender and temperament interact with environmental factors in ways that may result in psychopathology. Few studies have examined these factors together to determine how well they predict diagnostic category in a clinic-referred population. This study investigated the roles of three broad temperament dimensions--effortful control (EC), negative affectivity (NA) and positive affectivity (PA)--along with gender, age, and cumulative risk in the prediction of psychiatric diagnosis in children and adolescents. Psychopathology was examined categorically, across four categories as outlined in …
Generality In Nanotechnologies And Its Relationship To Economic Performance, Fernando Gomez Baquero
Generality In Nanotechnologies And Its Relationship To Economic Performance, Fernando Gomez Baquero
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
In the history if economic analysis there is perhaps no more important question than the one of how economic development is achieved. For more than a century, economists have explored the role of technology in economic growth but there is still much to be learned about the effect that technologies, in particular emerging ones, have on economic growth and productivity. The objective of this research is to understand the relationship between nanotechnologies and economic growth and productivity, using the theory of General Purpose Technology (GPT)-driven economic growth. To do so, the Generality Index (calculated from patent data) was used to …
Grace Under Fire : Altruistic Behavior And The Risk Of Criminal Victimization, Andy Lucas Blaize Davies
Grace Under Fire : Altruistic Behavior And The Risk Of Criminal Victimization, Andy Lucas Blaize Davies
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Two studies investigate whether the perceived risk of criminal victimization reduces altruistic behavior as social disorganization theory predicts it will. The first study, of 160 nation-states, suggests not. Rather, the relationship depends on national culture. In highly religious countries, for example, the perceived risk of victimization actually appears to increase altruistic behavior. The second study, an experiment conducted on samples both of undergraduate students and internet users, suggests that certain individuals for whom the risk of criminal victimization may be particularly salient - volunteers worried they may be put in harm's way, and fatalists paranoid about the inevitability of victimization …
Migration And The Well-Being Of Left-Behind Children In China, Lin Guo
Migration And The Well-Being Of Left-Behind Children In China, Lin Guo
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The rise of the floating population in China has greatly stimulated researchers' interest in studying the trends and characteristics of internal migrants, as well as their roles in China's economic transformations. Recent estimation from the Bi-Census data of 2005 suggests as many as 58 million children (under age 18) are left-behind in migrant-sending regions while their parents are away working. The absence of these migrant parents from the home may bring both short- and long-term consequences for their left-behind children. This dissertation aims to provide a systematic examination of the impact of parental migration on the well-being of rural left-behind …
Disappearing Act? : An Analysis Of The Boundaries Between The Nonprofit & For-Profit Sectors, Simone Grant
Disappearing Act? : An Analysis Of The Boundaries Between The Nonprofit & For-Profit Sectors, Simone Grant
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This dissertation analyzes the boundaries between the nonprofit and for-profit sectors using network analysis on interlocking directorates. Drawing upon data that contains over 26,000 directors and 1000 organizations, it seeks to identify the nature of the network between the largest organizations in American society and addresses how it might explain recent marketization trends in the nonprofit sector. The “biznification” of the nonprofit sector has caused some alarm amongst nonprofit scholars and this dissertation adds another layer to the discussion by looking at the directors of the nonprofit and for-profit sectors. Seeking to identify any differences in the network brought on …
Anthropometric Correlates Of Reproductive Success, Facial Configuration, Risk Taking And Sexual Behaviors Among Indigenous And Western Populations : The Role Of Hand-Grip Strength And Wrist Width, Jeremy Andrew Atkinson
Anthropometric Correlates Of Reproductive Success, Facial Configuration, Risk Taking And Sexual Behaviors Among Indigenous And Western Populations : The Role Of Hand-Grip Strength And Wrist Width, Jeremy Andrew Atkinson
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Correlating a sexually dimorphic trait with reproductive success (RS) remains the `gold standard' in evolutionary psychology research. Within each sex, if more dimorphic individuals have increased RS then this is strong evidence that the trait is an important phenotypic fitness marker and potentially used as a same-sex and/or mate-assessment criterion. Many studies have investigated some of these traits, like shoulder to hip ratio (SHR) in males and waist to hip ratio (WHR) in females and have found that a more sex-typical body configuration does indeed indicate higher phenotypic quality and is used in mate assessment. However these traits are aggregate …
Stewards Of The Land : Demonstrations Of Agricultural Authenticity In Columbia County, Ny, Jaclyn Rose Bruntfield
Stewards Of The Land : Demonstrations Of Agricultural Authenticity In Columbia County, Ny, Jaclyn Rose Bruntfield
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The origins of food in the U.S. have come under close public scrutiny in recent years. An increasing number of farmers markets, certified organic products, and Community Supported Agriculture programs indicate that Americans are seeking out alternatives to the mainstream food system. The industrialization of food production in the post-World War II era, while providing larger amounts of inexpensive food than ever before, has arguably compromised people's relationships with food. While farming was once a common way of life in the U.S., today only one percent of Americans identify farming as their primary occupation.
International Security Crisis Negotiations : Finding The Balance Between Engagement And Confrontation, Mark Cozza
International Security Crisis Negotiations : Finding The Balance Between Engagement And Confrontation, Mark Cozza
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
When faced with an international security crisis, the policymakers of great powers are forced into difficult circumstances in a short period of time. The states that embroil the great powers in these crises force upon those policymakers tough decisions in regards to finding an acceptable resolution to the crisis. The decision making process must be quick, as excessive deliberations could have negative effects on the outcome of the crisis. Therefore, policymakers are left with two stark policy options: to either choose a policy of conciliatory engagement or a policy of confrontation. Each strategy comes with its own merits as well …
Patterns Of Risk And Resilience : Cluster Analysis And The Relation To Later Outcomes, Stephanie M. Ernestus
Patterns Of Risk And Resilience : Cluster Analysis And The Relation To Later Outcomes, Stephanie M. Ernestus
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
This study identifies specific patterns of risk and protective factors using a person-centered approach (cluster analysis) in low-income ethnic-minority early adolescents, and then used variable centered approaches to examine how these patterns are related to developmental outcomes 6 years later. The present study used data from Welfare, Children, and Families: A Three Cities Study, and comprised of 939 African American and Latino adolescents ages 10-14 at the initial assessment. Three distinct clusters of risk and protective variables were identified; one cluster was high on protective factors, one high on risk factors, and another mixed. These risk, protective, and mixed clusters …