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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Association Between The Magnitude Of The Immune Response And Recurrent Major Depression Disorder In Humans And Depression-Like Behavior In Animals, Anastacia Kudinova
Association Between The Magnitude Of The Immune Response And Recurrent Major Depression Disorder In Humans And Depression-Like Behavior In Animals, Anastacia Kudinova
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
There is a growing body of evidence supporting the association between inflammation and major depressive disorder (MDD). One plausible mechanism for this association is sensitization of the immune response, possibly due to prior exposure to stressors. To investigate the validity of this hypothesis, a series of three complimentary cross-species studies was conducted. Study 1 examined the associations between circulating levels of inflammatory markers and in vitro immune reactivity with women’s history of recurrent MDD (rMDD) and their current symptoms of anhedonia. The potential moderating role of women’s history of childhood abuse was also examined. Study 2 and 3 focused on …
5-Httlpr, Drd4 Gene, College Students’ Psychological Characters And Academic Performance, Weiyi Guo
5-Httlpr, Drd4 Gene, College Students’ Psychological Characters And Academic Performance, Weiyi Guo
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
The purpose of this study, “Genetic basis of Academic Performance,” is to evaluate associations between the 5-HTTLPR, the DRD4 gene, psychological characteristics including metacognition and depression, and academic performance as reflected in SAT scores. We discovered that participants with 2-repeat or 7-repeat alleles of the DRD4 gene have significantly lower scores on the Metacognition tests (P = 0.022) and two subclades of metacognition, “Cognitive Self-Consciousness” (P = 0.021) and “Need to Control Thoughts” (P = 0.040), as compared to those without 2-repeat or 7-repeat alleles. 7-repeat allele DRD4 gene carriers have significantly higher scores for alcohol use disorders than those …
Agricultural Revolutions In America’S Heartland: The Corn Belt And The Making Of American Capitalism, Benjamin J. Marley
Agricultural Revolutions In America’S Heartland: The Corn Belt And The Making Of American Capitalism, Benjamin J. Marley
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
The family farm has been the foundation of America’s cheap food model. This research examines how cheap food from the Corn Belt was produced from 1840s to the late twentieth century. It investigates how the interrelationships between family farming, proletarianization-housewifization, and national and world markets configured and reconfigured. Utilizing a world-ecological framework, I argue that Illinois and Iowa, the heart of the Corn Belt, were the epicenter of two successive agricultural revolutions that fundamentally transformed world accumulation and world nature. The analysis is centered on the development of successive agricultural revolutions over the longue durée of capitalism, with the greatest …
Effects Of Chemogenetic Inhibition Of Dopamine Transporter- Or A2a-Expressing Neurons On Spontaneous Activity And Motivation To Consume A Palatable Food Reward, James D. Wherry
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
Dopamine (DA) transmission in the striatum influences the motivated pursuit of rewarding stimuli. Pharmacological and opto- and chemo-genetic studies have suggested that the release of DA onto D2+/A2A+-expressing striatopallidal neurons, plays a role in this process. To determine the potentially dissociable roles of DA-releasing ventral midbrain and striatopallidal neurons on motivational processes, we employed double transgenic mice that expressed inhibitory DREADDs—designer receptors that are activated only by otherwise inert ligands—only in dopamine transporter (DAT) or A2A adenosine receptor (A2A) expressing neurons, allowing us to transiently inhibit either DA-releasing neurons (DATcre/DREADD) or striatopallidal neurons (A2Acre/DREADD) during various tests. In the first …
Heritable Variation In Reward Sensitivity And Impulsive Cction And Choice In A Genetically Diverse Inbred Mouse Panel, Lauren S. Bailey
Heritable Variation In Reward Sensitivity And Impulsive Cction And Choice In A Genetically Diverse Inbred Mouse Panel, Lauren S. Bailey
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
Research in animal models and human subjects points towards reward sensitivity and impulsivity as being characteristics that predict greater positive subjective responses to stimulant drugs. The Collaborative Cross (CC) recombinant inbred mouse strains and their inbred founders are a powerful genetic reference panel that has potential as a tool for revealing genetic correlations. The CC/DO founder strains were used to examine the heritability of reward sensitivity and impulsivity traits. Founder strains were tested for activity in an open field, reward sensitivity, and reversal learning (impulsive action) or delay discounting (impulsive choice). Significant heritability for anticipatory responding within the reversal task, …
Causes And Predictors Of Thematic Intrusion On Human Similarity Judgments, Garrett R. Honke
Causes And Predictors Of Thematic Intrusion On Human Similarity Judgments, Garrett R. Honke
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
Most theoretical accounts of psychological similarity maintain that similarity judgments are based on shared features (and shared relations among those features, e.g., the commonalities between spatula and ladle). Accounts rarely include associations between targets of comparison (e.g., the association between egg and spatula) as a contributor to similarity judgments. This position is taken despite the fact that people will often choose associates over things with shared features and relations in similarity judgment tasks. So-called dual-process models - where thematic integration and feature (and relation) based comparison are component processes of perceived human similarity - have been proposed to handle this …
Thiamine Deficiency And Alcohol Exposure Both Lead To An Impulsive Phenotype, Robin J. Zimmer
Thiamine Deficiency And Alcohol Exposure Both Lead To An Impulsive Phenotype, Robin J. Zimmer
Graduate Dissertations and Theses
The detrimental effects of alcohol consumption, including impulsivity, cognitive inflexibility, and neuropathology, are due to a confluence of factors that often occur in addition to alcoholism. We examined the effects of chronic alcohol exposure and thiamine deficiency (or supplementation) in isolation, as well as in concert, to further our understanding of the independent effects of each treatment and how they interact. Our results demonstrated that both chronic alcohol exposure and moderate thiamine deficiency induce an impulsive phenotype. Importantly, the increased impulsivity induced by thiamine deficiency was protracted as compared to that exhibited after chronic alcohol alone. Additionally, differential pathology was …