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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Cross Border Innovation Economies: The Cascadia Innovation Corridor Case, Francesco Cappellano Phd, Border Policy Research Institute, Western Washington University, Borders In Globalization, University Of Victoria
Cross Border Innovation Economies: The Cascadia Innovation Corridor Case, Francesco Cappellano Phd, Border Policy Research Institute, Western Washington University, Borders In Globalization, University Of Victoria
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
In the recent literature on economic geography, cross-border regions have been highly heralded as potential sources for reaping the benefits of innovation (OECD, 2013). In fact, those regions have gained a reputation as being endowed with comparative advantages to compete in global markets (Vance, 2012). However, the types of processes that are occurring in the region, which act as hindrances (or barriers) to cross-border knowledge flows, have remained a significant but understudied topic in the academic literature. The same lack of understanding is widespread among the policy makers engaged in cross-border issues, specifically in terms of improved Cross Border Cooperation …
Regional Cross-Border Collaboration Between The U.S. & Canada, Border Policy Research Institute
Regional Cross-Border Collaboration Between The U.S. & Canada, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
On October 24th, 2018, the BPRI hosted a one-day forum to assess the state of cross-border collaboration between British Columbia and Washington State. The forum brought together regional experts from government, academia, and private industry to discuss the successes, barriers, and opportunities for cross-border collaboration across three ‘sectors’: transportation/infrastructure, business/economics, and the environment (see sidebar). U.S. Congressman Rick Larsen provided opening remarks about the region and Canadian Coast Guard Regional Director Brian Wooton gave a keynote address on collaboration in the marine environment. This Border Policy Brief highlights some of the findings from the forum, which illustrate the need for …
Cannabis In Cascadia: Impacts Of Legalization In The Region, Border Policy Research Institute
Cannabis In Cascadia: Impacts Of Legalization In The Region, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The policies regulating the use and sale of cannabis have historically been constructed differently in the United States and Canada, yet both countries had deemed recreational use to be illegal. Beginning in 2012, however, individual states in the U.S. began to legalize recreational cannabis, including Washington, Oregon, and most recently, California. In 2017, the Government of Canada passed similar legislation. If Canada’s legislation goes into effect in mid-2018, the West Coast of North America will become the only contiguous region where recreational consumption and sale of cannabis are permitted across multiple jurisdictions (see Map 1, next page). However, because cannabis …
Modernizing The Columbia River Treaty, Border Policy Research Institute
Modernizing The Columbia River Treaty, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
In February of 2017, Western Washington University (WWU) and Northwest Indian College (NWIC) hosted a two-day symposium titled, “The Changing Environment and the Columbia River Treaty.” The purpose of the symposium was to develop public awareness and inform treaty negotiators from the U.S. and diplomats from Canada on key issues to address when modernizing the Treaty. This event brought together tribal and First Nations leaders, representatives from government and private industry, non-governmental organizations and academics to discuss the modernization of the Columbia River Treaty (CRT).
The Columbia River Treaty Review: A Synopsis, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Jaymes Mcclain
The Columbia River Treaty Review: A Synopsis, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Jaymes Mcclain
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The Columbia River watershed comprises 258,500 square miles (about the size of Texas), with 15 percent of the watershed located in Canada. Tributaries in the upper watershed drain a substantial portion of the Canadian and American Rocky Mountains; precipitation and snowmelt from the Rockies are main flow components. The river then crosses the arid Columbia Plateau and reaches the Pacific via the Columbia River Gorge. In an average year, the river disgorges 198 million acre-feet (MAF) of water, with 25 percent of the runoff (a disproportionately large amount) originating in Canada. With snowmelt a large component of runoff, the river’s …
Federal Initiatives Can Be At Odds With Regional Ones, Border Policy Research Institute
Federal Initiatives Can Be At Odds With Regional Ones, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
At the Cascade Gateway crossings that serve the I-5 corridor, vigorous initiatives aimed at improving border mobility have been underway for years. Strong cross-border forums exist, and through those forums a number of projects have been undertaken, resulting in changes to both inspection processes and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the Canada – U.S. federal ―Beyond the Border‖ (BTB) initiative was launched 14 months ago, and the first BTB Action Plan was unveiled in December 2011. As regional stakeholders evaluate the content of the BTB Action Plan they find much to applaud. However, they also notice aspects of initiatives included in the plan …
Metrics Of Policy Effects At The Canada-Us Border: The National Export Initiative And The Effort To 'Green The Border', David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Ian Faulds, Stephanie Messa
Metrics Of Policy Effects At The Canada-Us Border: The National Export Initiative And The Effort To 'Green The Border', David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Ian Faulds, Stephanie Messa
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Following the announcement of the Canada – U.S. ―"Beyond the Border" (BtB) vision, there has been increased emphasis upon measurement of various things associated with national borders. Many of the specific elements within the BtB plan include an associated metric, so that bureaucrats and the public are able to measure progress toward realization of the vision. Of course, BtB is not the only border-related policy goal adopted by governments—other goals have been established by Canada, the U.S., and states and provinces. This article focuses upon two such policy goals: the U.S. National Export Initiative (NEI), and the effort to "green …
Forum Proceedings: "Beyond The Border: Making The Action Plan Work For You", Border Policy Research Institute
Forum Proceedings: "Beyond The Border: Making The Action Plan Work For You", Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
On October 24, 2012, the Vancouver Board of Trade hosted a one day forum to discuss how the new Beyond the Border and Regulatory Cooperation initiatives, announced by Prime Minister Harper and President Obama in December 2011, will improve the border. The plans set out practical targeted measures and implementation timelines designed to make the Canada-US border more secure and efficient.
The "Beyond The Border" Dialogue At Age One: Policy And Political Implications For The Pacific Northwest, Border Policy Research Institute
The "Beyond The Border" Dialogue At Age One: Policy And Political Implications For The Pacific Northwest, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
On February 4, 2011, President Obama and Prime Minister Harper issued the "Beyond the Border" (BTB) Declaration, announcing a new initiative regarding management of the Canada – US border. The Declaration contemplated the creation of an Action Plan, which was released on December 7, 2011. The goal of this seminar was to examine the Action Plan and assess its implications and impact on Canada-US border management going forward.
Advancing U.S.-Canada Border Transportation Planning And Programming, Hugh Conroy
Advancing U.S.-Canada Border Transportation Planning And Programming, Hugh Conroy
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Since NAFTA, the United States and Canada have initiated programs to address cross-border transportation and anticipated increases in North American trade and travel. In 1999, The United States, through its multi-year transportation authorization act, began the Coordinated Border Infrastructure Program (CBI). This program, focused on border transportation investments, also established federal support for regional, binational planning coalitions. In 2000, U.S. Secretary of Transportation Rodney Slater and Canadian Minister of Transportation David Collenette signed a memorandum of cooperation to collaborate on transportation issues of mutual interest. This quickly led to the formation of the U.S.-Canada Transportation Border Working Group (TBWG) in …
Borders, Barriers, And Breakthroughs In The Cascadia Corridor, Troy D. Abel, Jenni Pelc, Lauren F. Miller, Jacqueline Quarre, Kathryn Mork
Borders, Barriers, And Breakthroughs In The Cascadia Corridor, Troy D. Abel, Jenni Pelc, Lauren F. Miller, Jacqueline Quarre, Kathryn Mork
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This project focused on dilemmas of political biogeography through a case study of wildlife conservation and management efforts in the transboundary Cascadia region. Our team examined the interface of political science and biogeography, or “political biogeography,” through its manifestations in the evolving opportunities and barriers to regional wildlife conservation in the shared terrestrial ecosystems of British Columbia and Washington. Our research combined content analysis of policy documents and semi-structured stakeholder interviews and questionnaires.
Scholars' Views On Improving Border Policy, Donald K. Alper
Scholars' Views On Improving Border Policy, Donald K. Alper
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
On April 29, the Center for Canadian-American Studies at Western Washington University hosted a conference, Bridging Distances: Past and Future Perspectives on Canada-US Relations, to mark the program’s 40th anniversary.* Participating scholars and practitioners were asked to comment on future trends, opportunities and challenges in the relationship. Plenary remarks were given by Ian Brodie, former chief of staff to Prime Minister Harper, and the luncheon address was delivered by David Emerson, chair of the Energy Policy Institute of Canada and former minister in two governments. Panelists were convened to discuss issues covering the following areas: • Both Sides Now: Parallel …
Stakeholder Views On Improving Border Management, Donald K. Alper, Bryant Hammond
Stakeholder Views On Improving Border Management, Donald K. Alper, Bryant Hammond
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The Canada-US border, like all international borders, performs certain functions related to restricting, regulating and interdicting cross-border flows of people, products and pollutants. How border officials carry out these functions is shaped by historical factors and the political-economic agendas of state authorities. Though Canada-US border management has always been influenced by security issues such as boundary disputes, prohibition and illicit drugs, only since 9/11 has the border been viewed as a vital security problem in the context of American national security. This new reality has brought increased attention to the northern border and prompted a continuing debate about the appropriate …
Bilateral Cooperation And Bounded Sovereignty In Counter-Terrorism Efforts, Bidisha Biswas
Bilateral Cooperation And Bounded Sovereignty In Counter-Terrorism Efforts, Bidisha Biswas
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The ‘Global War on Terror,’ led by the United States, emphasizes the role of international alliances in tackling terrorist threats. By their very nature, international counterterrorism efforts challenge state sovereignty by requiring changes to both foreign and domestic policies. This, in turn, creates complex sovereignty issues and raises some interesting questions for closer examination. How has cooperation in counterterrorism altered the perceptions and behavior of allies of the United States? Has the post-9/11 security environment constrained the sovereignty of other nations? This paper will analyze Canada’s cooperation with the US in order to explore these questions. The study argues that …
A New Annex To The Canada-Us Air Quality Agreement, Border Policy Research Institute
A New Annex To The Canada-Us Air Quality Agreement, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Canada and the U.S. will soon begin negotiating the terms of an annex to the Canada – U.S. Air Quality Agreement. The annex will pertain to a type of air pollution known as particulate matter, colloquially referred to as PM. This article discusses the form of the Canada – U.S. Air Quality Agreement, the general nature of PM pollution, the transboundary aspects of PM pollution, and the regulatory context pertaining to PM within each nation. The article concludes with a discussion of the outcomes likely to be embodied within the upcoming annex to the Agreement. We judge that the annex …
Management Of The Shared Lower Fraser Valley Airshed, Border Policy Research Institute
Management Of The Shared Lower Fraser Valley Airshed, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This article discusses issues involved in the management of the Lower Fraser Valley (LFV) airshed, which straddles the border of Washington State and British Columbia. Many factors influence the management of the airshed, including geography, asymmetric patterns of growth, and differing regulatory contexts. There have been episodes of controversy associated with airshed management, with the greatest recent controversy centered around a 1999 proposal to build an electric generation facility in Sumas, Washington. The socalled “SE2” facility (Sumas Energy 2) received construction permits from Washington State, but died when Canada’s National Energy Board denied a power-line permit that was needed to …
Sustainability And The Border, Border Policy Research Institute
Sustainability And The Border, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This article reflects upon how the concept of sustainability relates to the Canada – U.S. border. How does the border contribute to sustainability? In what ways is sustainability hindered by the border? In the Pacific Northwest, sustainability is an increasingly important collaborative goal of state and provincial governments, so consideration of these questions is worthwhile.
Canada-Us Information Sharing And The Case Of Maher Arar, Bidisha Biswas
Canada-Us Information Sharing And The Case Of Maher Arar, Bidisha Biswas
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This article discusses the controversy related to the detention and rendition by US authorities of Maher Arar, a Canadian citizen. The Arar case is particularly significant because of the intense publicity, debate, and mobilization that it has engendered in Canada. This case illustrates problems posed by the expectations and practices of information sharing in Canada – US security cooperation.
Local Stakeholders Governing Water Across The 49th Parallel, Emma S. Norman, Karen J. Bakker
Local Stakeholders Governing Water Across The 49th Parallel, Emma S. Norman, Karen J. Bakker
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This article analyzes how local stakeholders along the Canada – U.S. border are increasingly involved in binational governance of water. The article highlights the growing influence of regional, multi-jurisdictional organizations such as the Washington – B.C. Shared Waters Alliance, as well as the changing role of long-standing supranational institutions such as the International Joint Commission. Particular emphasis is given to the topic of the relative institutional capacity of local groups within multi-jurisdictional, international structures. The article concludes with remarks that can guide public policy on local involvement in transboundary water issues.
Governance Of Canadian And American Ports, Border Policy Research Institute
Governance Of Canadian And American Ports, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
This article discusses differences in the governance of seaports within the U.S. and Canada, with particular emphasis upon ports located on the Georgia Basin – Puget Sound waterway shared by the State of Washington and the Province of British Columbia. The article reveals how regulatory contexts affect the ability of ports to compete within and outside the region and concludes with an assessment of the advantages of regional port cooperation.