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Articles 1 - 30 of 285
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of The 2000 Election On Low-Income African American Voters, Barbara Compton Abney
The Effect Of The 2000 Election On Low-Income African American Voters, Barbara Compton Abney
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This research answers the question, "What impact did the 2000 election have on low-income African American voters and how will it affect turnout in future elections?"
The analysis focuses on the predominantly black, low-income community of Parramore and examine issues of efficacy related to the 2000 presidential election and beyond. The analysis consists of survey distributed through various community service agencies and conducted door-to-door in Parramore. Respondents were asked a series of questions related to past voter participation, trust in government, the fairness of the 2000 election and perceived future participation. The responses of the survey were compiled into a …
Three Surveys On Adult Esol Pronunciation: Teachers, Students, Textbooks, Hortensia Louro Bernal
Three Surveys On Adult Esol Pronunciation: Teachers, Students, Textbooks, Hortensia Louro Bernal
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study used three instruments to examine the current state of the teaching of ESOL pronunciation. These instruments included a survey of 62 teachers, another survey of 508 ESOL students, and a comparative study of ten pronunciation textbooks in widespread use since 1990. The purpose of the study was to characterize the teaching of pronunciation at present through the voices of the teachers, the opinions of the students, and the content of the textbooks. The study also identified the approaches and types of activities being proposed by the experts and recommended additional activities as well as a rationale for their …
A Multivariate Approach To The Dynamic Of Violence Within Intimate Relationships: An Application Of Theory Of Coercive Power In Exchange, Giovanna Gianesini
A Multivariate Approach To The Dynamic Of Violence Within Intimate Relationships: An Application Of Theory Of Coercive Power In Exchange, Giovanna Gianesini
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study, drawing from theories of structural power and exchange, verified the hypotheses that the mechanisms, dynamics, and direction of violence in intimate relationships depends on the resources of each partner, the ratio of such resources, and their summative effects. Specifically, this study developed a framework that integrates the factors found related to domestic violence and defined as resources, and took into account their reward power, with reference to the status quo of the partners, to determine each partner's power within the relationship. The resources considered have included variables from four domains, individual, relational, social structural, and sociocultural. Existing gender-based …
Parent Childrearing Beliefs And Child Externalizing Behaviors In Families Of Adhd And Odd Children, June E. Hoefling
Parent Childrearing Beliefs And Child Externalizing Behaviors In Families Of Adhd And Odd Children, June E. Hoefling
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated the relationship between the perceived externalizing behaviors of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and the maladaptive childrearing beliefs of their parents. The study used archival survey data provided by Intervention Services, Inc., a community mental health center. Data from 338 families with a child diagnosed with ADHD or ODD were analyzed. The study used the Conners' Parent Behavior Rating Scale short version to measure the level of conduct problems, impulsivity, and hyperactivity of the children as perceived by the parents. The Adult-Adolescent Parenting Inventory was used to measure the degree of parental …
Tender Offer Outcome Prediction Based Upon Efficient Market Hypothesis, James I. Montgomery
Tender Offer Outcome Prediction Based Upon Efficient Market Hypothesis, James I. Montgomery
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
A significant portion of firms' capital expenditures in the recent past have been accomplished through the acquisition of the assets of other firms by tender offers. While the majority of tender offers are successful, a significant number of tender offers fail for various reasons. The accurate prediction of the success or failure of a tender offer would provide investors with valuable information upon which to base their investment decisions. The target firm shareholders could use the information as a base for their tendering decision. For the abitrageur, a predictive model would reduce the uncertainty associated with their investment activity and, …
Reexamining Argumentativeness And Resistance To Persuasion, Matina Suzanne Vourvopoulos
Reexamining Argumentativeness And Resistance To Persuasion, Matina Suzanne Vourvopoulos
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
A recently developed receiver characteristic, argumentativeness, was examined for its relations to attitude change and information processing in persuasive communication. Generally thought to be a flowed personality trait, argumentativeness is currently being regarded in communication studies as a beneficial personality trait that correlates with other qualities such as high grade point average, dynamism in speech, achievement orientation, competitiveness and leadership behavior. This study examined the effect of argumentativeness on persuasion. It was predicted that high argumentative would be more resistant to persuasion, yet the findings show that, with a strong message, high argumentative are more likely to be persuaded by …
The Cry-Wolf Phenomenon And Its Effect On Alarm Responses, James P. Bliss
The Cry-Wolf Phenomenon And Its Effect On Alarm Responses, James P. Bliss
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Responses to alarms are assumed important. Yet failure to respond to alarms is recognized, although is not well understood or quantified. Conditions that might induce a failure to respond include alarm unreliability (i.e., numerous false alarms, the "cry-wolf" effect), high primary task demand, or low criticality of the alarm itself. The goals of this research were to substantiate the existence of the cry-wolf effect, quantifying its effect on operator performance, and to examine the relation between the cry-wolf effect and alarm criticality. One hundred thirty-eight UCF students alternatively performed two primary tasks, chosen from the Automated Performance Test System. Subjects …
Newspaper Endorsements : How Editorial Writers View Their Influence, Lisa Ferguson Lochridge
Newspaper Endorsements : How Editorial Writers View Their Influence, Lisa Ferguson Lochridge
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
College Students' Perceptions Of Parental Sexuality, Nancy L. Janisz
College Students' Perceptions Of Parental Sexuality, Nancy L. Janisz
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Pocs and Godow (1977) published research results indicating that college students experienced difficulty in considering their parents as sexual beings. The results of the present study were based on responses of 330 college students to a questionnaire authored by the examiner. Results were compared to Pocs and Godow's results, and research data from Kinsey (1948, 1953) and Hunt (1972), which presented the reported frequencies of sexual activities of the parent-aged population. The comparisons suggest that although estimates of the subjects in the current study were higher in all areas than in the Pocs and Godow data, today's college students still …
The Effect Of A Pet's Presence Upon Anxiety During A Simulated Clinical Interview, Kenneth G. Weigand
The Effect Of A Pet's Presence Upon Anxiety During A Simulated Clinical Interview, Kenneth G. Weigand
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Recognizing the importance of evolutionary parallels between humans and other animals, researchers make use of animals to better the understanding of people in various fields of study, such as history, ecology, medicine, psychology, and sociology (Levinson, 1978). Boris Levinson (1962) was an early advocate for the inclusion of pets in psychotherapeutic intervention. His theories have been frequently cited in research that has attempted to define the possible benefits associated with utilizing pets as an adjunct in the treatment of disturbed populations. The results of studies with varied populations indicate that a pet's presences can lower a person's anxiety level, positively …
Personality Variables Mediating Change In Concern Toward Environmental Issues, John Mark Davis
Personality Variables Mediating Change In Concern Toward Environmental Issues, John Mark Davis
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Researchers have for several decades examined the relationships between personality and demographic variables, pro-environmental behaviors, and level of concern toward environmental problems. In this study, personality and selected demographic variables contributing to an increase in concern toward environmental issues were examined. Subjects included 79 females and 46 males with a mean age of 22.5 years who were enrolled in undergraduate courses at the University of Central Florida. During the first session, information concerning personality and demographic variables was obtained and subjects completed Weigel and Weigel's (1978) Ecological Concern Scale (ECS). During the second session, experimental group subjects viewed a video …
The Relationship Of Corporate Fitness To Absenteeism And Health Care Cost, Shawn J. Mcgahey
The Relationship Of Corporate Fitness To Absenteeism And Health Care Cost, Shawn J. Mcgahey
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Interest in corporate fitness is increasing. In this study, absenteeism rates and health care costs were measured for 12 months before and 12 months after implementation of a corporate fitness class. It was hypothesized that those who participate in the fitness program would have lower absenteeism rates and health care costs. It was also hypothesized that lifestyle factors would be significantly related to the decision to participate in the fitness program and to absenteeism.
Results showed no significant relationship between program participation and absenteeism. Also, it was found that average health care costs were lower before the program intervention and …
Effects Of Informed Consent On Client Behaviors And Attitudes In A Pro-Life Pregnancy Counseling Center, Kathryn Lynn Mardirosian
Effects Of Informed Consent On Client Behaviors And Attitudes In A Pro-Life Pregnancy Counseling Center, Kathryn Lynn Mardirosian
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Although current professional and public opinion support the right of the client to make an informed decision about entering and continuing in a psychotherapy or counseling relationship, research studying the effects of informed consent on client behaviors and attitudes in the medical, research, and mental health fields has resulted in equivocal findings. This study looked at the effects of an informed consent procedure on client behaviors and attitudes in a pro-life pregnancy counseling center where the center's primary goal is to reduce the number of abortion decisions among clients. Thirty of the center's clients (Experimental Group) were given an Informed …
The Feasibility Of Computerized Cognitive Testing As A Surrogate Measure For Assessment Center Performance, Leilani M. De Saram
The Feasibility Of Computerized Cognitive Testing As A Surrogate Measure For Assessment Center Performance, Leilani M. De Saram
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The use of microcomputerized cognitive testing of personnel has thus far been limited to military and environmental stressor applications. The investigation of such testing as a substitute for assessment center performance represents a novel application of this technology. An examination of the relationship between performance on a cognitive test battery and assessment center performance was conducted.
A battery of selected microcomputerized tests measuring cognitive constructs was administered to assessment center candidates in law enforcement occupations. Contrary to expectations, the computerized cognitive measurements did not exhibit significant correlations with assessment center performance measures. It was speculated that the two measures assessed …
A Case Study In Rumor Transmission Based On The Leo Frank Case, George Mark Jackson
A Case Study In Rumor Transmission Based On The Leo Frank Case, George Mark Jackson
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the process of rumor transmission in an historical context. The basis was a case study of the Leo Frank incident. The editorials of Populist editor Tom Watson, written during Frank's appeal and commutation, were tested for emotional intensity. Significant findings tended to support the anxiety component of the Rosnow/Fine model for rumor transmission. The study was limited as there was no control condition without anxiety.
Toward An Annotated Catalog For Use In Communication Research, Gabe H. Kaimowitz
Toward An Annotated Catalog For Use In Communication Research, Gabe H. Kaimowitz
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Inoculation Theory: Motivation Mechanism Vs. Attack Credibility As Mediators Of Resistance To Persuasion, Peter F. Cranis
Inoculation Theory: Motivation Mechanism Vs. Attack Credibility As Mediators Of Resistance To Persuasion, Peter F. Cranis
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Leader Sex And Task Orientation: An Information Processing Perspective, Thomas Arthur Buhr
Leader Sex And Task Orientation: An Information Processing Perspective, Thomas Arthur Buhr
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The role of leadership and its effect on small group function and efficiency has led to a wealth of research data. Of particular importance to the real world outside the laboratory and the classroom are the leadership variables of sex and task orientation. In the last two decades, women have assumed more leadership positions in the business and political world than at any other time in the past (White, De Sanctis & Crino, 1981). In addition, there has been a call to examine the many different ways a leader can approach the group to accomplish a task (Fiedler, 1978). Two …
Evaluation Of A Support Group For Parents Who Have A Sexually Abused Child, Mark A. Winton
Evaluation Of A Support Group For Parents Who Have A Sexually Abused Child, Mark A. Winton
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the effectiveness of a Parent Support Group for parents who have a child who has been sexually abused. Twenty-seven pa rents completed pre- and post-evaluation packages to assess the effectiveness of the group. The Louisville Behavior Checklist, the Mother-Child Relationship Eva l uation, the Parenting Stress Index, an educational assessment form and a subjective evaluation using content analysis were used to test several hypotheses. The results indicated that there were significant decreases in the children's dysfunctional behaviors and an increase of the number of correct answers on the educational assessment. The subjective evaluation appeared to indicate that …
Sense Of Humor And Social Anxiety, James E. Fischer
Sense Of Humor And Social Anxiety, James E. Fischer
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
In utilizing humorous intervention within the psychotherapeutic milieu, researchers have indicated that there is a relationship between an individual's sense of humor and stressful emotions, specifically anxiety. However, the nature of this relationship is uncertain. While some scientists propose a direct relationship between humor and anxiety, others hypothesize an inverse relationship. This study was designed to investigate this relationship, hypothesizing that the greater an individual's sense of humor, the more likely the individual would experience anxiety in social situations. The subjects were 143 male and female undergraduates. These volunteers were administered the Situational Humor Response Questionnaire (SHRQ) and the Interaction …
Escalation: A Closer Look At Allocation Decisions, David A. Hofmann
Escalation: A Closer Look At Allocation Decisions, David A. Hofmann
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The escalation of commitment to a particular course of action has, in the past eleven years, become an increasingly popular area for research in the psychological aspects of decision making. The major question posed by this line of research is: "Does an individual become so committed to a particular course of action that he/she can no longer analyze the situation objectively and, consequently, makes irrational decisions to continue investing when such activity is no longer advisable?" Staw (1981) states that the escalation phenomenon can occur when an individual becomes overly committed to a chosen course of action. He adds that …
Assessment Of The English Comprehension Level Test As A Predictor Of Success In Navy Recruit Training, Carla M. French
Assessment Of The English Comprehension Level Test As A Predictor Of Success In Navy Recruit Training, Carla M. French
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
As of 1980, the total population of persons of Spanish origin in the United States was 14,609,000, or 6.4%, with over 2,000,000 of them Puerto Rican (U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1983). Thousands of Hispanics are coming into the U.S. every year, both legally and illegally. They are the second largest minority in the U.S., and if growth continues at the current rate, they may outnumber Blacks by the year 2020 (Davis, Haub, & Willette, 1983).
Mandate For Fear Appeal Research: A Clearer Perspective, Elizabeth Cheney Michel
Mandate For Fear Appeal Research: A Clearer Perspective, Elizabeth Cheney Michel
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
The fear appeal is one of the most prevalent types of persuasion evident in society. A great percentage of advertising bases its success on "an appeal calculated to elicit anxiety on the part of the listener" (Miller, 1963, p. 117). Children have been reared on its admonitions. Nearly every American is by now familiar with the Surgeon General's Warning. The recent AIDS epidemic has prompted a highly consequential use of this appeal. If the effectuality of everyday fear persuasions can be left to chance, choice, or Mother Nature, this last lethal onslaught demands immediate attention from the communication community. An …
Gatekeeping And Coorientation, Do They Mix?: / A Three-Way Analysis Of A Business Journal, Sheryl Anne Tumlin
Gatekeeping And Coorientation, Do They Mix?: / A Three-Way Analysis Of A Business Journal, Sheryl Anne Tumlin
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Death Anxiety Among Older Adults As A Function Of The Christian Faith With Specific Reference To The Experience Of Being "Born Again", Wendy E. Holland
Death Anxiety Among Older Adults As A Function Of The Christian Faith With Specific Reference To The Experience Of Being "Born Again", Wendy E. Holland
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Sixty male and female subjects between the ages of 60 to 84 years were administered three questionnaires concerning death anxiety, religiosity, and life satisfaction. Data were collected and analyzed by Pearson r correlation as well as by multiple regression analysis.
Findings included those subjects considering themselves to be "born again" Christians scored significantly lower on the death anxiety scale than did those respondents considering themselves Christian, but not "born again." Subjects considering themselves to be non-Christian/Other did not correlate significantly with death anxiety. Life satisfaction was not a significant predictor of death anxiety. Subjects indicating more conservative/fundamentalist denominational affiliations indicated …
Dairy Calcium Advertising Awareness, Attitudes, And Behavior: A Survey Of 13-17 Year Old Females, Michele Cooper
Dairy Calcium Advertising Awareness, Attitudes, And Behavior: A Survey Of 13-17 Year Old Females, Michele Cooper
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
An Evaluation Of A Parent Sex Education Program, Janice Devlin
An Evaluation Of A Parent Sex Education Program, Janice Devlin
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Sex education during childhood and adolescence is much more than a "birds and bees" discussion between a mother and a daughter or a seventh-grade science unit on human reproduction. It is, rather, a pervasive experience involving children's everyday interactions with friends, family, and their wider social environments. Elizabeth Roberts (1980) has developed a framework for understanding sexuality that emphasizes the broad-based nature of sexual learning. She focuses on six dimensions of sexuality which are socially learned: gender role, affection and intimacy, family roles and social life styles, body image, erotic experiences, and reproduction. The role of the family in each …
Vasectomy: A Literature Review With Implications For Pre-Vasectomy Counseling, Annette Thrift Wing
Vasectomy: A Literature Review With Implications For Pre-Vasectomy Counseling, Annette Thrift Wing
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
No abstract provided.
Cognitive And Social Desirability Factors In Marital Adjustment For A Sample Of Retired Older Adults, Priscilla B. Wilson
Cognitive And Social Desirability Factors In Marital Adjustment For A Sample Of Retired Older Adults, Priscilla B. Wilson
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated cognitive components of marital adjustment and the role of social desirability response sets in a sample of retired older adults. It was hypothesized that higher marital adjustment scores would correlate negatively with dysfunctional beliefs concerning marriage. The objectives of the study were to identify which irrational beliefs are related to higher and lower levels of marital adjustment, and to determine the extent to which higher adjustment scores reflect the tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner. The sample consisted of 45 married couples, each partner of which was retired and aged 65 years or older. Assessment …
Effects Of Volunteer Activity On Psychosocial Adjustment Among The Elderly, William R. Criss
Effects Of Volunteer Activity On Psychosocial Adjustment Among The Elderly, William R. Criss
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
This research was carried out to determine if psychosocial adjustment improves for elderly persons engaged in volunteer activity. Questionnaires were completed by 27 persons aged 60 or over before and two months after beginning volunteer activity at one of 33 Florida community hospitals. A control group of 37 persons without hospital volunteer experience also completed these two questionnaires, which covered several aspects of psychosocial adjustment, including self-esteem, life satisfaction, sense of control, optimism, anxiety, depression and somatization. An analysis of covariance with repeated measures indicated that there was no significant improvement in subjective well-being associated with volunteer activity after accounting …