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Articles 1 - 30 of 385
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Looking To The Past And Abroad To Enhance U.S. Presidential Debates, Jacob W. Justice, Talya P. Slaw, John Koch
Looking To The Past And Abroad To Enhance U.S. Presidential Debates, Jacob W. Justice, Talya P. Slaw, John Koch
Studies in Debate and Oratory
Presidential debates are a valuable, but flawed, method of educating voters about policy issues and candidates. Growing dissatisfaction with presidential debates, and polling evidence suggesting they are failing to inform audiences, creates exigence to reconsider the format of future debates. In this essay, we propose modifications to the format of United States presidential debates, in the interest of facilitating greater clash and audience education. To improve U.S. presidential debates, we draw upon two sources of inspiration: the history of U.S. presidential debates and international experiences with political debates. We recommend exploration of new debate formats that include (1) a narrow …
Attitudes Towards Economic Inequality In A Global Perspective: Evidence From The World Value Survey, Francesco Rigoli
Attitudes Towards Economic Inequality In A Global Perspective: Evidence From The World Value Survey, Francesco Rigoli
Journal of Global Awareness
Scholars have explored the factors responsible for shaping people’s attitudes towards economic inequality. Yet, this research has focused almost exclusively on Western countries. This is an important limitation: only by looking at the different world regions, scholars can fully elucidate the major factors involved. To address this, the paper examines data from the World Value Survey, a database of representative samples drawn from more than one hundred countries. The analyses reveal that people tolerate economic inequalities more when they have higher salary, are better educated, are male, and live in poorer countries. The data also indicate that a country’s level …
Latin American Participation In The Current Process Of Economic Globalization, Sullivan D. Padgett
Latin American Participation In The Current Process Of Economic Globalization, Sullivan D. Padgett
Journal of Global Awareness
From World War II to the present, Latin America has participated in the current process of economic globalization to varying degrees. The Washington Consensus of the late twentieth century supplanted the region’s earlier model of state-led development and increased its participation in the global capitalist regime. However, Latin America has shown minimal participation in the current process of economic globalization since the late 2000s and, instead, espouses regionalization. Nevertheless, regionalization has proven to be an arduous undertaking in Latin America, especially with China’s increasing regional influence. Variations of benefits are discussed, and recommendations are offered. While the future of Latin …
Notes From The Editor, Jay Nathan
Letter From The Editor, Jay Nathan
Who’S Afraid Of Anne Frank? Or Why White Supremacists Should Fear This Book, Laura S. Brown
Who’S Afraid Of Anne Frank? Or Why White Supremacists Should Fear This Book, Laura S. Brown
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Critical Race Religious Literacy: Exposing The Taproot Of Contemporary Evangelical Attacks On Crt, Robert O. Smith, Aja Y. Martinez
Critical Race Religious Literacy: Exposing The Taproot Of Contemporary Evangelical Attacks On Crt, Robert O. Smith, Aja Y. Martinez
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Critical Race Theory, Neoliberalism, And The Illiberal University, Rodney D. Coates
Critical Race Theory, Neoliberalism, And The Illiberal University, Rodney D. Coates
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Who’S Afraid Of Being Woke? – Critical Theory As Awakening To Erascism And Other Injustices, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol
Who’S Afraid Of Being Woke? – Critical Theory As Awakening To Erascism And Other Injustices, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Editors' Introduction, Raj G. Chetty, Beverly Greene
Editors' Introduction, Raj G. Chetty, Beverly Greene
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Answering The Calls For Inclusion From St. John's Students, Natalie P. Byfield
Answering The Calls For Inclusion From St. John's Students, Natalie P. Byfield
Journal of Critical Race and Ethnic Studies
No abstract provided.
Practice Patterns And Medical Provider Perceptions Of Ketamine In The Treatment Of Psychiatric Disorders: A Nationwide Survey, Amna M. Aslam
Practice Patterns And Medical Provider Perceptions Of Ketamine In The Treatment Of Psychiatric Disorders: A Nationwide Survey, Amna M. Aslam
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) significantly impacts society, with a prevalence of 8.4% in the U.S., highlighting the need for effective treatments for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Ketamine, while not FDA-approved for TRD, shows promise in treating mental health disorders and is used in specialized clinics, though evidence of effectiveness is scarce. Objectives: This study investigates the use of off-label ketamine for TRD and other disorders, focusing on ketamine clinic operations where the drug is administered, treatment methods, patient characteristics, and ketamine's impact on psychiatric care, from providers' perspectives. Methods: The survey was distributed to over 1,000 ketamine providers across the …
Is The Juridical Field Of Environmental Law In India Gendered? A Study Of Environmental Justice In Goa Through An Ecofeminist Lens, Shweta Dilip Singh Sinha
Is The Juridical Field Of Environmental Law In India Gendered? A Study Of Environmental Justice In Goa Through An Ecofeminist Lens, Shweta Dilip Singh Sinha
Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this study is to examine whether the “juridical field,” as defined by Bourdieu, of environmental law in India (Goa), is gendered. As per Bourdieu, the legal field is neither as neutral nor as autonomous as the legal profession asserts it is. It relies heavily on the juridical practices of universalization, appropriation, and naming or categorization in order to constantly reimagine and negotiate its own boundaries. This study examines these juridical practices including acts of symbolic violence committed in the process of ‘naming’ or ‘defining’ within legal terms extra-legal concepts, mainly environmental toponyms, such as, ‘“forest,” “CRZ” (Coastal …
The Impact Of Perceived Job Satisfaction, Motivational Attitudes, And Organizational Commitment: A Comparative Analysis Between Special Education Teachers Employed In Public Versus Private Schools, David Haimovich
Theses and Dissertations
During and after the Covid-19 pandemic, a high turnover rate of PreK-12 special education teachers continues to persist. To ensure all students with disabilities receive equitable access to a special education teacher, turnover intentions among private school teachers require further insight due to a long-standing gap in research. Using the theoretical frameworks of Herzberg’s (1959) Two-Factor Theory and Meyer & Allen’s (1997) Three-Component Model of Commitment, this non-experimental correlational study examined the influence of six demographic factors related to teachers’ perceptions of job satisfaction, motivational attitudes, and organizational commitment among special education teachers employed in PreK-12 suburban schools in the …
A Comparison Of Low-Intensity Cbt Programs: Evaluating The Effects Of Design On Rebt Interventions, Alexey Dantes Breuss
A Comparison Of Low-Intensity Cbt Programs: Evaluating The Effects Of Design On Rebt Interventions, Alexey Dantes Breuss
Theses and Dissertations
Low-Intensity CBT interventions have become more popular over the years due to the expanding use of the internet and technology. A particular subset of Low-Intensity CBT, phone-based apps, have become more available on app-stores. The research literature on phone-based apps has not kept up in pace in comparison to the development of new applications. This leaves the quality and efficacy of such apps to be left untested. Furthermore, most applications are dominated by a Beck’s Cognitive Therapy (CT) approach, with more Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) apps on the horizon. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) has been largely neglected within the …
A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Psychosocial Interventions For Early Childhood Problems, Ages 0-5, Hara Stephanou
A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Psychosocial Interventions For Early Childhood Problems, Ages 0-5, Hara Stephanou
Theses and Dissertations
Early childhood consists of important developmental milestones, including the acquisition of daily living skills, including toileting, feeding, and sleep. While previous reviews have focused on interventions for some childhood problems, no single study has broadly assessed interventions across common presenting problems in children ages 0-5. This study systematically reviewed 41 studies on interventions for externalizing (23 studies), internalizing (3), sleep (11), feeding (3), and toileting (1) using meta-analytic methods where applicable. Overall, externalizing interventions were effective (TX1 Hedges' g = -.60; TX2 g = -.51) and largely homogeneous. Individual interventions reduced externalizing behaviors more than group or self-guided interventions (TX1 …
From The Deceptive Delinquent To The Illusive Illicit Alien: A Qualitative Study Of 21st Century United States Border Security Law Enforcement’S Capabilities, Competencies, And Capacities Designed To Counter Transient Criminality Recruitment, Christopher C. Palme
Theses and Dissertations
The transient criminal enterprise progressively evolved through expansion of illicit trafficking pathways throughout the 21st century. Scholars and practitioners share roles and responsibilities in missed opportunities to combat transient criminality. The Intelligence Community’s intelligence process is deficient in timely production and dissemination of their products. Starting with the transient criminality recruitment process, a correlated lack of psychosocial training programs dedicated to countering the transient crime threat exists. This study is rooted in sociological theory. It addresses Homeland Security dilemmas through the theoretical lens of sociology of security (Bajc, 2013) and is enhanced by concepts from Social Identity (Tajfel, 1979), Social …
Change In Rape Myth Acceptance As A Function Of Sexual Assault Experiences: A Prospective Analysis, Danielle Suzanne Citera
Change In Rape Myth Acceptance As A Function Of Sexual Assault Experiences: A Prospective Analysis, Danielle Suzanne Citera
Theses and Dissertations
In the United States, one in five women reports experiencing sexual assault while in college. Rape myths, or stereotypical beliefs that serve to blame survivors (i.e., “She Asked For It” and “She Lied”) and exonerate sexual assault perpetrators (“He Didn’t Mean To”), may influence how women conceptualize their own sexual assault experiences and relatedly, their post-assault functioning. Several demographic characteristics, including race and ethnicity, generational status, education level, sexual orientation, and religiosity, have been found to be associated with rape myth acceptance (RMA). Researchers have reported mixed findings, however, regarding the association between sexual assault history and RMA. This study …
Broadcasting Bombs: Classifying Antecedent Behaviors And Strategizing Preventative Tactics In Lone-Actor Terrorists And Mass-Murderers, Julia Varvaro
Broadcasting Bombs: Classifying Antecedent Behaviors And Strategizing Preventative Tactics In Lone-Actor Terrorists And Mass-Murderers, Julia Varvaro
Theses and Dissertations
The modern notion of a socially isolated lone-wolf terrorist and public mass- murderer is challenged by analyzing those individuals’ pre-attack behaviors. Many of these behaviors can be explained with theories such as Social Identity, Social Network, and Social Movement Theory, which examine the changes in human behavior to understand motivations. Properly classifying certain behaviors in a radicalized individual could help identify potential risk factors indicating an impending attack, prompting better responses, and solutions to strategize tactics and policies in preventing terrorism. Using existing literature and theory as the basis, this dissertation will examine common broadcasting behaviors of individuals who have …
A Longitudinal Examination Of The Relations Between Racial Discrimination And Executive Function, Aldona Chorzepa
A Longitudinal Examination Of The Relations Between Racial Discrimination And Executive Function, Aldona Chorzepa
Theses and Dissertations
Discrimination has been linked to changes in executive function. This relationship may explain links between discrimination and adverse health and mental health outcomes, including depression, substance use, and health behavior. To date, the research examining this question has been limited, as the majority of studies reviewed employed experimental manipulations for discrimination exposure and tested acute same-day effects in the lab. Clarifying the extent to which exposure to discrimination impacts executive function over time in young adults is crucial to identifying opportunities for intervention. The current study evaluates the relations of both recent and lifetime exposure to racial discrimination to three …
Impact Of Implicit Racial Bias On Students Of African Descent In Predominately White Institutions, Edwin Mathieu
Impact Of Implicit Racial Bias On Students Of African Descent In Predominately White Institutions, Edwin Mathieu
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigated how implicit racial bias influences the perceptions of students of African descent in predominately White colleges (PWIs) in the United States (U.S.). The theoretical framework for the study is critical race theory (CRT). CRT challenges racial indifference by exposing how racial advances often come at the cost of promoting or feeding into White self-interests (Patton et al., 2007). This non-experimental quantitative study examined how GPA, the number of credits earned, gender, race, and campus culture impact students of African descent’s perceptions of culturally implicit racial bias. It used Asian, Hispanic, and White students as a comparison group. …
Evaluating A Combined Affirmative Consent And Bystander Intervention Training For New Students, Gabrielle Gottschall
Evaluating A Combined Affirmative Consent And Bystander Intervention Training For New Students, Gabrielle Gottschall
Theses and Dissertations
The current study examined the impact of a live, virtual training on the combined topics of affirmative consent and bystander intervention among 1,395 students new to the university in 2022. Student responses on pre-survey and post-training surveys were analyzed to determine if attending the intervention promoted students’ ability to understand, practice and recognize prosocial consent and bystander related attitudes and behaviors. New students registered to attend one 60-minute virtual training facilitated by the Department of Student Health and Wellness. Pre-survey data was collected in the form of a virtual survey prior to the intervention and again 30 days after students …
A Meta-Analysis Of Grief-Focused Interventions For Bereaved Children And Adolescents: Examining The State Of The Literature And Moderators Of Treatment Effect, Emily C. Hockenberry
A Meta-Analysis Of Grief-Focused Interventions For Bereaved Children And Adolescents: Examining The State Of The Literature And Moderators Of Treatment Effect, Emily C. Hockenberry
Theses and Dissertations
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, children and adolescents face a greater need than ever for effective mental healthcare to address distressing and disabling emotional and behavioral reactions that can occur following the death of a significant person in their lives. However, current evaluations of grief-focused interventions for bereaved youth are limited by a lack of consensus regarding how to define and measure grief symptoms in children and adolescents, a lack of clarity regarding grief-specific effects compared with effects on other forms of psychopathology, and limited power to detect moderators of intervention effect. The present meta-analysis evaluated the pooled …
Say “Ah,” Not “Ahhh!” - Parent Intervention For The Reduction Of Dental Anxiety In A Child With Autism, Alexandra Luisa Vernice
Say “Ah,” Not “Ahhh!” - Parent Intervention For The Reduction Of Dental Anxiety In A Child With Autism, Alexandra Luisa Vernice
Theses and Dissertations
The overall oral health status of children with autism is significantly poorer as compared to children without autism primarily due to dental anxiety. High levels of anxiety often contribute to behavioral distress. These difficulties, coupled with deficits in communication and coping skills, result in challenging behaviors for children with autism during routine dental cleanings. Currently, there is limited research on effective treatment packages and procedures for managing dental anxiety in children with autism, and no studies have trained parents as intervention agents to treat dental anxiety in this population. In this single-case study, a parent training intervention was delivered to …
Relationship Between Tiktok Usage, Psychological Well-Being, Executive Functioning, Sleep Quality, And Sleep Hygiene Among University Students, Dana Lee Defilippo
Relationship Between Tiktok Usage, Psychological Well-Being, Executive Functioning, Sleep Quality, And Sleep Hygiene Among University Students, Dana Lee Defilippo
Theses and Dissertations
Social media has been a well-researched topic over the past 15 years, with findings supporting its usefulness as well as its harmfulness. Some of these studies have focused on well-being, both psychological and physical, and how social media may impact these aspects. Social media applications such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, and Twitter have been comprehensively studied in various areas, with many focusing on their impact on mental health. Although these studies have often found that social media usage negatively impacts mental health, there have been some conflicting findings. TikTok, a much newer application, has been far less researched and has …
Development Of A Repeatable Overnight Memory Task To Study The Effect Of Nocturnal Seizures On Memory, Nahal Destiny Heydari
Development Of A Repeatable Overnight Memory Task To Study The Effect Of Nocturnal Seizures On Memory, Nahal Destiny Heydari
Theses and Dissertations
Memory impairment is a common comorbidity of epilepsy, particularly in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) for whom the hippocampus and surrounding memory-dependent regions are directly involved in seizure activity. Sleep is known to facilitate memory consolidation processes; however, whether, or the extent to which, nocturnal seizures disrupt memory processes in TLE is unknown. Investigating the effect of nocturnal seizures on memory requires a task designed to assess memory in the morning for material learned the evening before a period of sleep, ideally over multiple days. Accordingly, we have created a psychometrically sound, word paired-associates (WPA) memory task with five …
An Evaluation Of ‘Knowing Yes!’, A Virtual Consent Training And Its Effects On Students’ Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Affirmative Consent, Julie L. Koenigsberg
An Evaluation Of ‘Knowing Yes!’, A Virtual Consent Training And Its Effects On Students’ Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Affirmative Consent, Julie L. Koenigsberg
Theses and Dissertations
Much of the sexual assault prevention literature on the university level focuses on individual institutions’ varied efforts to address incidences of sexual assault on their campuses and their outcomes (Donais et al., 2018). While consent education programming has emerged as one such effort, there is a dearth of evaluative literature in this area and the understanding of the role of consent education alone in sexual violence prevention (Beres, 2020). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate one university’s consent-centered educational program and explore its successes and limitations as the field moves towards standardizing sexual violence prevention efforts on college campuses. Results …
Clinicians’ Attitudes Towards Using Cognitive Restructuring With Individuals At The End-Of-Life, Daniel H. Lydon
Clinicians’ Attitudes Towards Using Cognitive Restructuring With Individuals At The End-Of-Life, Daniel H. Lydon
Theses and Dissertations
This cross-sectional study involving 156 clinicians explores the influence of personal factors on psychotherapy interventions and clinicians’ decisions to engage with individuals at the end-of-life (EOL) in psychotherapy. Extending qualitative research on perceived barriers to applying CBT in cancer care, this quantitative investigation delves into death anxiety, attitudes toward Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and clinician distress tolerance in predicting the use, comfort, and confidence in applying cognitive restructuring (CR) with individuals at the EOL. Clinicians read a vignette of a terminally ill patient who is presenting as distressed and reporting several different irrational beliefs. Clinicians were then asked about their …
The Impact Of Acculturative Stress On Psychological Wellbeing Among South Asian Adolescents And The Moderating Effect Of Gender, Rafia Zahid Chaudhry
The Impact Of Acculturative Stress On Psychological Wellbeing Among South Asian Adolescents And The Moderating Effect Of Gender, Rafia Zahid Chaudhry
Theses and Dissertations
The South Asian community is one of the fastest-growing immigrant populations in the United States (SAALT, 2019), and yet, there is a paucity of research that examines their experiences with acculturation, particularly in relation to stress. Likewise, acculturative stress or the strain associated with cross-cultural exposure is especially salient during adolescence when ethnic identity formation tends to materialize (Goforth et al., 2014) Researchers have indicated that acculturative stress is associated with negative mental health trajectories (Miller De Rutté & Rubenstein, 2021); nevertheless, virtually few studies have examined the variables associated with acculturative stress, especially among South Asian youth. The aim …
Coping With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining Meaning-Making In A Socioecological Framework, Emilia Eva Mikrut
Coping With The Covid-19 Pandemic: Examining Meaning-Making In A Socioecological Framework, Emilia Eva Mikrut
Theses and Dissertations
During 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic emerged as a threatening, unpredictable, and uncontrollable stressor. Meaning-making, or one’s ability to make sense of a stressful life event, integrate the event into one’s narrative of the world and meaning in life, and accordingly revise life goals, is a salient intrapsychic process contributing to psychological adjustment in the face of very stressful or traumatic experiences such as chronic health issues, interpersonal grief, and natural and man-made disasters. Early findings provide evidence for the critical role of meaning-making in coping with stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Though meaning-making is a universal process, one’s capacity …