Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Effects Of Resistance Exercise On Endothelial Progenitor Cell Mobilization In Women, Fernando Ribeiro, Ilda P. Ribeiro, Ana C. Gonçalves, Alberto J. Alves, Elsa Melo, Raquel Fernandes, Rui Costa, Ana B. Sarmento-Ribeiro, José A. Duarte, Isabel M. Carreira, Sarah Witkowski, José Oliveira

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

This study aimed to determine the effect of a single bout of resistance exercise at different intensities on the mobilization of circulating EPCs over 24 hours in women. In addition, the angiogenic factors stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and erythropoietin (EPO) were measured as potential mechanisms for exercise-induced EPCs mobilization. Thirty-eight women performed a resistance exercise session at an intensity of 60% (n = 13), 70% (n = 12) or 80% (n = 13) of one repetition maximum. Each session was comprised of three sets of 12 repetitions of four exercises: …

Monetary Policy Regime Change And Regional Inflation Dynamics: Looking Through The Lens Of Sector-Level Data For Korea, Chi Young Choi, Joo Yong Lee, Róisín O'Sullivan

Economics: Faculty Publications

This paper explores the impact of the adoption of inflation targeting (IT) on the dynamics of city-level inflation in Korea using both aggregate and sector-level data. When looking at aggregate regional inflation, we find that the mean, volatility and persistence fell in all cities in the wake of the monetary policy regime change, consistent with other evidence in the literature. Delving more deeply into the disaggregate data reveals additional insights however. For most of the changes we observe in the dynamics of regional inflation, we find that the aggregate effects are being driven primarily by sectors that fall into the …

Enhancing Paternal Engagement In A Coparenting Paradigm, Marsha Kline Pruett, Kyle D. Pruett, Carolyn P. Cowan, Philip A. Cowan

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Despite the benefits for children and families of fathers who are involved positively with their children, most parenting programs in the United States and globally focus on and collect evaluation data from mothers almost exclusively. Engaging fathers is still viewed as a complex endeavor that is only somewhat successful. In this article, we summarize what is known about engaging fathers in parenting programs, then argue that programs are most effective when coparenting is the focus early in family formation. We rely on two decades of the Supporting Father Involvement program as an example of an initiative that has been effective …

Economic Conditions And Supplemental Security Income Application, Austin Nichols, Lucie Schmidt, Purvi Sevak

Economics: Faculty Publications

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is one of the most important means-tested transfer programs in the United States. This article examines whether economic conditions affect the likelihood that jobless adults with disabilities apply for SSI payments. Using data for 1996-2010 from the Survey of Income and Program Participation linked to Social Security administrative records, we examine jobless individuals and observe state unemployment rates at both the time their unemployment spell began and the time they applied for SSI. Hazard model estimates suggest that SSI application is positively associated with an increase in the unemployment rate during an individual's jobless spell but …

America’S Machiavellian: Gouverneur Morris At The Constitutional Convention, John Patrick Coby

Government: Faculty Publications

While generally a steady ally of James Madison and the nationalists, Gouverneur Morris, delegate from Pennsylvania, worked from a different conception of republican politics. Morris's republicanism was more old than new, relying on the divided sovereignty of a mixed regime to protect the rights of citizens and minorities. This conception, it is argued here, bears the stamp of Machiavelli, especially regarding the relationship of the classes and the role of the executive. Like Machiavelli—but unlike Madison—Morris wanted to underscore society's class divisions, organizing the representatives of rich and poor into two distinct, and hostile, chambers of the legislature. And like …

Monopoly Regulation Under Asymmetric Information: Prices Versus Quantities, Leonardo J. Basso, Nicolás Figueroa, Jorge Vásquez

Economics: Faculty Publications

We compare two instruments to regulate a monopoly that has private information about its demand or costs: fixing either the price or quantity. For each instrument, we consider sophisticated (screening) and simple (bunching) mechanisms. We characterize the optimal mechanisms and compare their welfare performance. With unknown demand and increasing marginal costs, the sophisticated price mechanism dominates that of quantity, whereas the sophisticated quantity mechanism may prevail when marginal costs decrease. The simple price mechanism dominates that of quantity when marginal costs decrease, but the opposite may arise if marginal costs increase. With unknown costs, both instruments are equivalent.

African Environmental Change From The Pleistocene To The Anthropocene, Colin Hoag, Jens-Christian Svenning

Anthropology: Faculty Publications

This review explores what past environmental change in Africa—and African people's response to it—can teach us about how to cope with life in the Anthropocene. Organized around four drivers of change—climate; agriculture and pastoralism; megafauna; and imperialism, colonialism, and capitalism (ICC)—our review zooms in on key regions and debates, including desertification; rangeland degradation; megafauna loss; and land grabbing. Multiscale climate change is a recurring theme in the continent's history, interacting with increasingly intense human activities from several million years onward, leading to oscillating, contingent environmental changes and societally adaptive responses. With high levels of poverty, fast population growth, and potentially …

Post-Fatigue Recovery Of Power, Postural Control And Physical Function In Older Women, Stephen A. Foulis, Stephanie L. Jones, Richard E. Van Emmerik, Jane A. Kent

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

Low muscle power, particularly at high velocities, has been linked to poor physical function in older adults. Any loss in muscle power following fatiguing exercise or daily activities could impact physical function and postural control until power has fully recovered. To test the overall hypothesis that a common task such as walking can result in prolonged power loss and decreased physical function and balance, 17 healthy older (66–81 years) women completed a 32-min walking test (32MWT) designed to induce neuromuscular fatigue, followed by 60min of recovery (60R). Fatigue and recovery of knee extensor muscle power (3 velocities) were quantified by …

‘We Don’T Talk Gypsy Here’: Minority Language Policies In Europe, William S. New, Hristo Kyuchukov, Jill De Villiers

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

The Roma constitute an ideal case of educational injustice meeting linguistic difference, racism, social marginalization, and poverty. This paper asks whether human-rights or capabilities approaches are best suited to address issues related to the language education of Roma students in Europe. These children are disadvantaged by not growing up with the standard dialect of whatever language is preferred by the mainstream population, and by the low status of the Romani language, and non-standard dialect of the standard language they usually speak. We examine language education for Roma students in Croatia, the Czech Republic, and Bulgaria, describing similarities and differences across …

Reforming College Sports And A Constrained, Conditional Antitrust Exemption, Andrew Zimbalist

Economics: Faculty Publications

This paper argues that intercollegiate athletics is at a turning point. The status quo is not stable and change is coming. This change can move college sports further toward commercialization and quasi-professionalism or it can endeavor to reinforce the historical vision of college sports as an amateur activity subordinated to the educational mission of U.S. colleges. The former path will lead to increasing academic scandals, widespread financial insolvency and diminishing support for Olympic sports and Title IX. The latter path, while not without its own challenges, may succeed in restoring a proper balance between athletics and academics.

Ethnographic Design Lab Final Report: How Smithscape Came To Be, Geena Choo, Yoon Roh, Danyi Zeng

Anthropology: Student Work

No abstract provided.

Reforming College Sports: The Case For A Limited And Conditional Antitrust Exemption, Jayma Meyer, Andrew Zimbalist

Economics: Faculty Publications

College sports has been undergoing rapid commercialization and reorganization. This transformation has led to sharpening inequality among schools within and between divisions, unstable and unsustainable economics, and burgeoning legal challenges. It is not an exaggeration to state that intercollegiate athletics is at an economic and legal tipping point. This article first discusses the economic issues confronting college sports. It then turns to consider the plethora of litigation facing the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and argues that antitrust and labor laws are inadequate means to respond effectively to the economic and legal challenges surrounding college sports. Finally, the article makes …

Research To Establish The Validity, Reliability, And Clinical Utility Of A Comprehensive Language Assessment Of Mandarin, Xueman Lucy Liu, Jill De Villiers, Chunyan Ning, Eric Rolfhus, Teresa Hutchings, Wendy Lee, Fan Jiang, Yi Wen Zhang

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

Purpose

With no existing gold standard for comparison, challenges arise for establishing the validity of a new standardized Mandarin language assessment normed in mainland China.

Method

A new assessment, Diagnostic Receptive and Expressive Assessment of Mandarin (DREAM), was normed with a stratified sample of 969 children ages 2;6 (years;months) to 7;11 in multiple urban and nonurban regions in northern and southern China. In this study of 230 children, the sensitivity and specificity of DREAM were examined against an a priori judgment of disorders. External validity was assessed using 2 indices of language production for different age groups.

Results

External validity …

Enhancing Father Involvement In Low-Income Families: A Couples Group Approach To Preventive Intervention, Marsha Kline Pruett, Kyle Pruett, Carolyn Pape Cowan, Philip A. Cowan

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

To address the problem of fathers’ absence from children’s lives and the difficulty of paternal engagement, especially among lower income families, government agencies have given increasing attention to funding father involvement interventions. Few of these interventions have yielded promising results. Father involvement research that focuses on the couple/coparenting relationship offers a pathway to support fathers’ involvement while strengthening family relationships. Relevant research is reviewed and an exemplar is provided in the Supporting Father Involvement intervention and its positive effects on parental and parent-child relationships and children’s outcomes. The article concludes with policy implications of this choice of target populations and …

Improving Assessment Of Race, Ethnicity, And Culture To Further Veteran Ptsd Research., Jane M. Onoye, Michele Spoont, Julia M. Whealin, Nnamdi Pole, Margaret Anne Mackintosh, James L. Spira, Leslie A. Morland

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Objective: Racial and ethnic disparities in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its treatment have been documented for both civilians and military veterans. To better understand the presence of disparities and factors that might contribute to them, accurate assessment of race and ethnicity is critical; however there still remains unstandardized assessment and challenges to implementation. The authors highlight specific problems in the assessment of race and ethnicity in research, such as missing data, misclassification, classification categories too limited to reflect many peoples' social identities, and inappropriate aggregation of ethnoracial subgroups. Conclusions: A proposal is made for a minimal uniform assessment standard …

Refinement And Preliminary Testing Of An Imagery-Based Program To Improve Coping And Performance And Prevent Trauma Among Urban Police Officers, Eamonn Arble, Mark A. Lumley, Nnamdi Pole, James Blessman, Bengt B. Arnetz

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Police officers are regularly exposed to traumatic critical incidents. The substantial mental, behavioral, and social costs of police trauma indicate a substantial need for prevention. We have refined and enhanced a previously tested Swedish program to the harsh conditions of U.S. inner cities. The program was designed to strengthen resilience during stressful encounters and teach methods of coping after exposure, thereby preventing the emergence of maladaptive symptoms and behaviors with adverse effects on professionalism. In an uncontrolled demonstration project, junior officers were trained by senior officers to engage in imaginal rehearsal of specific dangerous situations while incorporating optimal police tactics …

Kidnapping And Mental Health In Iraqi Refugees: The Role Of Resilience, A. Michelle Wright, Yousif R. Talia, Abir Aldhalimi, Carissa L. Broadbridge, Hikmet Jamil, Mark A. Lumley, Nnamdi Pole, Bengt B. Arnetz, Judith E. Arnetz

Psychology: Faculty Publications

Although kidnapping is common in war-torn countries, there is little research examining its psychological effects. Iraqi refugees (N = 298) were assessed upon arrival to the U.S. and 1 year later. At arrival, refugees were asked about prior trauma exposure, including kidnapping. One year later refugees were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression disorder (MDD) using the SCID-I. Individual resilience and narratives of the kidnapping were also assessed. Twenty-six refugees (9 %) reported being kidnapped. Compared to those not kidnapped, those who were had a higher prevalence of PTSD, but not MDD, diagnoses. Analyses examining kidnapping victims …

Historiography Of Ba`Thi Iraq Post-2003: Faust’S Ba`Thification In Comparative Perspective, Karen Pfeifer

Economics: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Adaptation To Climate Change: Historical Evidence From The Indian Monsoon, Vis Taraz

Economics: Faculty Publications

Estimating the potential impacts of climate change requires understanding the ability of agents to adapt to changes in their climate. This paper uses panel data from India spanning from 1956 to 1999 to investigate the ability of farmers to adapt. To identify adaptation, the author exploits persistent, multidecadal monsoon regimes during which droughts or floods are more common. These regimes generate medium-run variation in average rainfall, and there is spatial variation in the timing of the regimes. Using a fixed-effects strategy, she tests whether farmers have adapted to the medium-run rainfall variation induced by the monsoon regimes. The author finds …

Children’S Quantification With Every Over Time, Athulya Aravind, Jill De Villiers, Peter A. De Villiers, Christopher J. Lonigan, Beth M. Phillips, Jeanine Clancy, Susan H. Landry, Paul R. Swank, Michael Assel, Heather B. Taylor, Nancy Eisenberg, Tracy Spinrad, Carlos Valiente

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

This article looks closely at two types of errors children have been shown to make with universal quantification—Exhaustive Pairing (EP) errors and Underexhaustive errors—and asks whether they reflect the same underlying phenomenon. In a large-scale, longitudinal study, 140 children were tested 4 times from ages 4 to 7 on sentences involving the universal quantifier every. We find an interesting inverse relationship between EP errors and Underexhaustive errors over development: the point at which children stop making Underexhaustive errors is also when they begin making EP errors. Underexhaustive errors, common at early stages in our study, may be indicative of a …

Experiences Of Canadian Oncologists With Difficult Patient Deaths And Coping Strategies Used, Leeat Granek, L. Barbera, O. Nakash, M. Cohen, M. K. Krzyzanowska

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Objectives We aimed to explore and identify what makes patient death more emotionally difficult for oncologists and how oncologists cope with patient death. Methods A convenience sample of 98 Canadian oncologists (50 men, 48 women) completed an online survey that included a demographics section and a section about patient death. Results More than 80% of oncologists reported that patient age, long-term management of a patient, and unexpected disease outcomes contributed to difficult patient loss. Other factors included the doctor–patient relationship, identification with the patient, caregiver-related factors, oncologist-related factors, and “bad deaths.” Oncologists reported varying strategies to cope with patient death. …

Archivematica Outside The Box: Piloting A Common Approach To Digital Preservation At The Five College Libraries, Shaun Trujillo, Meghan Bergin, Margaret Jessup, Johanna Radding, Sarah Walden Mcgowan

Library Staff Publications

Purpose – This work aims to provide a report on adopting a consortial model ofcollaboration toward understanding digital preservation practice.

Design/methodology/approach – This work provides a case study detailing the work and outcomes of a digital preservation pilot project undertaken by the Five College Libraries between 2014 and 2015.

Findings – Digital preservation is a broad endeavor and rapidly developing facet of digital collections and institutional repositories; yet, it is often an area that is not fully understood or implemented by many libraries and archives, largely because institutions lack the necessary resources to do it alone. Working across institutional lines …

Japan’S Proactive Multilateralism, Dennis T. Yasutomo, Tomoaki Ishigaki

Government: Faculty Publications

Japan’s 2013 UN Arms Trade Treaty diplomacy exhibited neither the standard minimalist, subservient negotiating style nor policymaking restricted to the usual actors. Juxtaposition of the treaty and the 2014 arms export policy revision illustrates how traditional ‘‘peace diplomacy’’ can evolve into ‘‘proactive pacifism.’’

Islamic Headcovering And Political Engagement: The Power Of Social Networks, Aubrey Westfall, Özge Çelik Russell, Bozena Welborne, Sarah Tobin

Government: Faculty Publications

This article explores the relationship between headcovering and women’s political participation through an original online survey of 1,917 Muslim-American women. As a visible marker of religious group identity, wearing the headscarf can orient the integration of Muslim women into the American political system via its impact on the openness of their associational life. Our survey respondents who cover are more likely to form insular, strong ties with predominantly Muslim friend networks, which decreased their likelihood of voting and affiliating with a political party. Interestingly, frequency of mosque attendance across both covered and uncovered respondents is associated with a higher probability …

Finding Signatures Of Linguistic Reasoning, Jill De Villiers

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

Hinzen lays out the platform of un-Cartesian linguistics, and the ramifications threaten widespread beliefs about the relations between language and thought. The theoretical story is compelling but my commentary will address my con- cerns as a laborer in research.

Abundant Exotics And Cavalier Crafting: Obsidian Use And Emerging Complexity In The Northern Lake Titicaca Basin, Elizabeth A. Klarich, Abigail Levine, Carol Schultze

Anthropology: Faculty Books

Book Abstract:

Using case studies from around the globe—including Mesoamerica, North and South America, Africa, China, and the Greco-Roman world—and across multiple time periods, the authors in this volume make the case that abundance provides an essential explanatory perspective on ancient peoples’ choices and activities. Economists frequently focus on scarcity as a driving principle in the development of social and economic hierarchies, yet focusing on plenitude enables the understanding of a range of cohesive behaviors that were equally important for the development of social complexity.

Our earliest human ancestors were highly mobile hunter-gatherers who sought out places that provided ample …

Taxes, Transfers, And Women's Labor Supply In The United States, Melanie Guldi, Lucie Schmidt

Economics: Faculty Publications

The US tax and transfer system generates revenue and provides safety net programs that move millions out of poverty. Since women are more likely to live in poverty, they are more likely to qualify for means-tested transfers. The structure of taxation in the United States often penalizes secondary earners, who are usually women. These programs alter work incentives and consequently may affect labor supply decisions. In this chapter, we examine the empirical evidence on the effects of taxes and transfers on the labor supply of women in the United States. We show that much has changed since 1990, with the …

An Exploration Of The Relationships Between Self Compassion And Burnout : Secondary Traumatic Stress And Compassion Satisfaction Among Providers Who Work With Children And Families Who Have Experienced Trauma, Binlin Xia

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

The field of social work education has witnessed a soaring need to help providers cope with the negative emotional impact of working with clients who have experienced trauma. This study explored the association between self compassion and the experience of burn out (BO), secondary traumatic stress (STS) and compassion satisfaction (CS) among mental health providers who specifically work with children and youth who have experienced trauma. This quantitative study employed a survey in addition to two open-ended questions in a sample of 60 participants using a convenience sampling process.

The findings suggest that self compassion serves as a strongly correlated …

"As If" : An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Clincians' Theoretical Orientations And Their Conceptualizations Of Patient-Generated Metaphors In Psychotherapy, Joe Berlin

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

The present qualitative study explored the relationships between psychotherapists’ theoretical orientations, phenomenological understandings of their own clinical practice, and the metaphoric language used by patients in psychotherapy. This study is based upon interviews with 12 Licensed Independent Clinical Social Workers who are presently practicing psychotherapy. This sample was selected using a quota method, whereby three distinct psychotherapy theoretical orientations were represented in the sample: psychodynamic, narrative, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.

The findings suggest that psychotherapists actively consider the metaphors patients use in therapeutic dialogue, and that these clinicians regularly draw upon their theoretical knowledgebase in doing so. This study finds that …

Exploring Clinical Best Practices For Working With The Co-Occurrence Of Psychosis And A Trauma History, Sierra Leah Black

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This qualitative research study explored clinical practices most effective in helping people who experience co-occurring psychosis and a trauma history. The research was conducted through interviews with nine mental health professionals, who reported they created their own skill base in working with clients with a co-occurrence of psychosis and trauma. Although every respondent reported this co-occurrence as common, they all expressed a lack of confidence and expertise in treating the population. Best practices for treatment were found to be a combination of psychiatric medication, psychotherapy, and community support. Themes of treatment included the need to establish trusting relationships, appreciate client …