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Articles 1 - 30 of 35
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Effect Of The U.S. Biofuels Mandate On Poverty In India, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Marie-Helene Hubert, Beyza Ural Marchand
The Effect Of The U.S. Biofuels Mandate On Poverty In India, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Marie-Helene Hubert, Beyza Ural Marchand
Ujjayant Chakravorty
More than 40% of US grain is now used for energy and this share is expected to rise under the current Renewable Fuels Mandate (RFS). There are no studies of the global distributional consequences of this purely domestic policy. Using micro-level survey data, we trace the effect of the RFS on world food prices and their impact on household level consumption and wage impacts in India. We first develop a partial equilibrium model to estimate the effect of the RFS on the price of selected food commodities - rice, wheat, corn, sugar and meat and dairy, which together provide almost …
Course, Counselor, And Teacher Gaps: Addressing The College Readiness Challenge In High-Poverty High Schools, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Course, Counselor, And Teacher Gaps: Addressing The College Readiness Challenge In High-Poverty High Schools, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
More than half of all public school children live in low-income families. As the number of poor children has risen, so has the number of children who attend high-poverty schools. According to 2012 data, the most recent available, 1 in 5 children attend a school where at least 75 percent of students qualify for free or reduced-price lunch—up from 12 percent just 12 years ago. Concentrated poverty is most prevalent in urban areas, where 34 percent of students attend high-poverty schools. Given the racial/ethnic makeup of our nation's urban centers, many of these students are children of color.Students in high-poverty …
Integration Of Waqf And Islamic Microfiance For Poverty Reduction, Mohamed Aslam Haneef Prof., Ataul Huq Pramanik Prof., Mustafa Omar Mohamme Dr., Aliyu Dahiru Dr.
Integration Of Waqf And Islamic Microfiance For Poverty Reduction, Mohamed Aslam Haneef Prof., Ataul Huq Pramanik Prof., Mustafa Omar Mohamme Dr., Aliyu Dahiru Dr.
Aliyu Dahiru
This report presents the output of two-year collaboration between SESRIC and the Centre for Islamic Economics of International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) on a research project that covered three OIC countries namely, Malaysia, Indonesia and Bangladesh. The research project aimed at developing an integrated Waqf-based Islamic microfinance model to optimize the use of combined resources of Waqf and Islamic microfinance institutions in OIC countries with a view to enhancing the effectiveness of IMF and Waqf institutions in addressing the socio-economic needs of the society, particularly through effective poverty alleviation programs. The report consists of four main sections. The first …
Reading Between The Poverty Lines, Srijit Mishra
Reading Between The Poverty Lines, Srijit Mishra
Srijit Mishra
The proposed Rangarajan method on measurement of poverty in India borrows elements from three earlier methods – those of Alagh, Lakdawala and Tendulkar. An important departure in the Rangarajan method is to compute the poverty line commodity basket by combining items from two fractile groups to address the relatively higher expenses for some essential non-food items. This, while being statistically plausible, poses a behavioural dilemma, as there will be no fractile group that will satisfy both. As an alternative, we suggest dual poverty lines where the fi rst is computed on the basis of average calorie, protein and fat requirements …
Improving Education Outcomes For African American Youth - Issues For Consideration And Discussion, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant, Kisha Bird
Improving Education Outcomes For African American Youth - Issues For Consideration And Discussion, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant, Kisha Bird
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
No abstract provided.
Improving Supports For Youth Of Color Traumatized By Violence, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant, Robert Phillips
Improving Supports For Youth Of Color Traumatized By Violence, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant, Robert Phillips
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
No abstract provided.
The Influence Of Parental Aspirations, Attitudes, And Engagement On Children's Very Low Food Security, Elizabeth T. Powers
The Influence Of Parental Aspirations, Attitudes, And Engagement On Children's Very Low Food Security, Elizabeth T. Powers
Elizabeth T Powers
Survey of Income and Program Participation data are used to investigate the relationship between parenting and children’s very low food security. Parenting is characterized along five domains (emotional outlook, support, education desires, activities with the child excluding meals, and television viewing rules). Food security definitions are obtained from questions in a special SIPP module that are based on the USDA’s core food security module. Graphical evidence indicates that parenting patterns differ distinctly for households experiencing various levels of food insecurity. Descriptive regression evidence suggests that some of the parenting attributes are significantly associated with children’s food insecurity, even controlling for …
Taking Aim At Gun Violence: Rebuilding Community Education & Employment Pathways, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Taking Aim At Gun Violence: Rebuilding Community Education & Employment Pathways, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
No abstract provided.
Colonial Terrorism, Global Capitalism And African Underdevelopment: 500 Years Of Crimes Against African Peoples, Asafa Jalata
Colonial Terrorism, Global Capitalism And African Underdevelopment: 500 Years Of Crimes Against African Peoples, Asafa Jalata
Asafa Jalata
This article critically explores the essence and characters of European colonial terrorism and its main consequences on various African peoples during racial slavery, colonization, and incorporation into the European-dominated capitalist world system between the late fifteenth and twentieth centuries. It employs multidimensional, comparative methods, and critical approaches to explain the dynamic interplay among social structures, human agency, and terrorism to critically explain the connections among all forms of violence, the emergence of globalization, and African underdevelopment. The piece focuses on four central issues: First, it conceptualizes and theorizes terrorism to clarify its roles in creating and maintaining the global system. …
Hunger, Ethics And The Right To Food, Srijit Mishra
Hunger, Ethics And The Right To Food, Srijit Mishra
Srijit Mishra
he management of hunger has to look into the issues of availability, accessibility and adequacy of food supply. From an ethical perspective, this paper argues in favour of the right to food. But, for this to become viable, the state has to come up with an appropriate and effective bill on food and nutrition security, address the issue of inadequate provisioning of storage space by state agencies leading to rotting of food grains - a criminal waste when people are dying of hunger; and rely on local level institutions involving the community, that complement the administrative structure to identify the …
Delinquent By Reason Of Poverty, Tamar R. Birckhead
Delinquent By Reason Of Poverty, Tamar R. Birckhead
Tamar R Birckhead
This Article, written for the 12th Annual Access to Equal Justice Colloquium, explores the disproportionate representation of low-income children in the United States juvenile justice system. It examines the structural and institutional causes of this development, beginning with the most common points of entry into delinquency court—the child welfare system, public schools, retail stores, and neighborhood police presence. It introduces the concept of needs-based delinquency, a theory that challenges basic presuppositions about the method by which children are adjudicated delinquent. It argues that at each stage of the process—from intake through adjudication to disposition and probation—the court gives as much …
Review Of Somalia, Greed, Colonization And Socioeconomic Impacts, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Review Of Somalia, Greed, Colonization And Socioeconomic Impacts, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
In a country that lost all feasible authorities for over twenty years economic future seems gloomy. No feasible economic solutions are seen. The paper review auspices of the Somalian tragedy and retort history of its last dictatorship, Siad Barri, the following civil conflict and the process of the present total war, everyone against everyone. Socioeconomic impacts are discussed along with the education situation and state human capital there.
Using Garch Model In The Analysis Of Trade Liberalization And Poverty In Developing Countries, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Using Garch Model In The Analysis Of Trade Liberalization And Poverty In Developing Countries, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
The current paper reviews impacts of trade liberalization on developing countries and levels of poverty. The expected impacts of multilateral trade liberalization on wage levels and subsequent poverty are implored. Empirical Auto-regression models are visualized to develop a different set of strategies and programs to provide real benefits to the poor with real benefits. It is concluded that GARCH updating formula takes the weighted average of the unconditional variance, the squared residual for the first observation and the starting variance and estimates the variance of the second observation. This input into the forecast of the third variance and so forth. …
An Assessment Of Socio-Economic Impact Of Waste Scavenging As A Means Of Poverty Alleviation In Gwagwalada, Abuja., John Yakubu Magaji, Samuel Panse Dakyes
An Assessment Of Socio-Economic Impact Of Waste Scavenging As A Means Of Poverty Alleviation In Gwagwalada, Abuja., John Yakubu Magaji, Samuel Panse Dakyes
Confluence Journal Environmental Studies (CJES), Kogi State University, Nigeria
Waste scavengers are usually perceived as being among the poor, and scavenging is considered a marginal activity. They tend to have low incomes, but can obtained decent earning when they are not exploited by middlemen. This study was conducted in Gwagwalada town with the aim of assessing the socio-economic impact of scavenging on the people. A structured questionnaire was constructed to capture the demographic characteristics of the scavengers, their experiences, types of items scavenged, the economic gains and the challenges being faced. The target pollution is waste scavengers and a random sampling technique was adopted in selecting the respondents for …
We Dream A World: The 2025 Vision For Black Men And Boys, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
We Dream A World: The 2025 Vision For Black Men And Boys, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
No abstract provided.
Voluntary Return In The Comprehensive Peace Agreement Of Northern And Southern Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Voluntary Return In The Comprehensive Peace Agreement Of Northern And Southern Sudan, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
The date of South secession is coming soon at the 9th July 2011. However, there is the problem of people from the south who live in the north. Some of them where behaving as natural citezens and had jobs or education or even lived for decades and centuries in the north. Others were internally displaced people, but both are compelled to return to their homes in the south as the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed by the twp parties, North and South have stressed on. That created inevitable another displacement or uprooting for them and definitely another human tragedy. This paper …
Human Rights Violations, Missing Justice, Civil Conflicts And Darfur Political Future, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Human Rights Violations, Missing Justice, Civil Conflicts And Darfur Political Future, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
This paper reset some facts about Darfur civil conflict. It is brief statement of facts integrated with what I describe here as the missing justice. Violations of human rights are undeniable, but channels of achieving justice are absent. It is my conclusion here that the escalation of civil conflicts in Darfur from armed gangs to rebel groups and then to open civil wars were instigated by concrete evidence of human rights violations, atrocities and genocides and most of all by the inability of the concerned authorities to carry out justice which was lost in the maze of deception, lies, ignorance …
“Post-Amnesty Niger Delta And The Promise Of Development: Issues, Prospects And Problems, Omololu Toluwanimi Omololu
“Post-Amnesty Niger Delta And The Promise Of Development: Issues, Prospects And Problems, Omololu Toluwanimi Omololu
Omololu Michael FAGBADEBO
The offer of amnesty to militants in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria was premised on the assumption that it would engender an enabling environment for meaningful development of the area. This paper seeks to project into the problems that may likely jeopardize this assumption. It identifies the windows of opportunity for a lasting peace in the region but expresses doubts about positive change in the character of the Nigerian State. As privatized state, political actors exploit the state to pursue personal and parochial interests rather than implementation of policies aimed at improving the development of the Niger Delta area.
Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Collaborative Community-Based Natural Resource Management, Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
Prof. Elizabeth Burleson
This article analyzes the importance of increasing civil society actor access to and influence in international legal and policy negotiations, drawing from academic scholarship on governance, conservation and environmental sustainability, natural resource management, observations of civil society actors, and the authors’ experiences as participants in international environmental negotiations.
Poverty Among Adults With Disabilities: Barriers To Promoting Asset Accumulation In Individual Development Accounts, Katherine Mcdonald, Michal Soffer, Peter Blanck
Poverty Among Adults With Disabilities: Barriers To Promoting Asset Accumulation In Individual Development Accounts, Katherine Mcdonald, Michal Soffer, Peter Blanck
Katherine McDonald
Adults with disabilities disproportionally experience poverty. We examine one novel strategy to promote economic well-being among adults with disabilities living in or near poverty, namely Individual Development Accounts (IDAs). IDAs are designed to help individuals save money and subsequently accumulate assets. Although adults with disabilities account for the majority of IDA participants, scant attention has been paid to their IDA saving performance. We describe the significance of accumulating assets, particularly as it relates to adults with disabilities. We then map the nature of IDA programs and analyze barriers to participation in IDAs and asset accumulation related to conflicting federal policies …
Who Cries For Sudan: من الذي يرثي السودان, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Who Cries For Sudan: من الذي يرثي السودان, Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
Professor Issam A.W. Mohamed
The institutional collapse in Sudan started long time ago. However, it has accelerator in the past years since Nivasha Comprehensive Peace Agreement and Darfur war.
The Developing World's Bulging (But Vulnerable) Middle Class, Martin Ravallion
The Developing World's Bulging (But Vulnerable) Middle Class, Martin Ravallion
Martin Ravallion
The “developing world’s middle class” is defined as those who live above the median poverty line of developing countries but are still poor by US standards; the “Western middle class” are those not poor by US standards. Although barely 80 million people in the developing world entered the Western middle class over 1990-2002, economic growth and global distributional shifts allowed an extra 1.2 billion people to join the developing world’s middle class. Four-fifths came from Asia, and half from China. Most remained fairly close to poverty, with incomes bunched up just above $2 a day. One in six people now …
A Collective Responsibility, A Collective Work: Supporting The Path To Positive Life Outcomes For Youth In Economically Distressed Communities, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
A Collective Responsibility, A Collective Work: Supporting The Path To Positive Life Outcomes For Youth In Economically Distressed Communities, Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
Rhonda Tsoi-A-Fatt Bryant
No abstract provided.
The Niger Delta Crisis: A Three Dimensional Discourse, Ozy B. Orluwene Jp
The Niger Delta Crisis: A Three Dimensional Discourse, Ozy B. Orluwene Jp
Dr Ozy B.Orluwene,JP
ABSTRACT This paper is motivated by the desire to examine the origin of the Niger Delta crisis in Nigeria. It explains why rural poverty, insecurity and state failure are the major reasons behind the volatile conflicts that have come to engulf majority of the once peaceful state of the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It argues that the Niger Delta region is the home of the oil and gas industry in Nigeria. Petroleum exploration accounts for over 80% of Nigeria’s foreign earnings. The petro-dollar wealth translates into a big curse for the people and the environment. An ungrateful Nigerian state …
The Relationship Between Poverty And Economic Growth Revisited, Lonnie K. Stevans, David N. Sessions
The Relationship Between Poverty And Economic Growth Revisited, Lonnie K. Stevans, David N. Sessions
Lonnie K. Stevans
It has been shown in prior research that increased economic growth reduces poverty. Authors have also found that the effect of growth in GDP on poverty growth has either diminished or remained unchanged over time and the 1980s economic expansion in the U.S. had no affect on poverty. Using a formal error-correction model, we find that increases in economic growth are significantly related to reductions in the poverty rate for all families. Specifically, GDP growth was found to have a more pronounced effect on poverty during the expansionary periods of the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s. Other findings include …
Are There Lessons For Africa From China’S Success Against Poverty?, Martin Ravallion
Are There Lessons For Africa From China’S Success Against Poverty?, Martin Ravallion
Martin Ravallion
At the outset of China’s reform period, the country had a far higher poverty rate than for Africa as a whole. Within five years that was no longer true. This paper tries to explain how China escaped from a situation in which extreme poverty persisted due to failed and unpopular policies. While acknowledging that Africa faces constraints that China did not, and that context matters, two lessons for Africa stand out. The first is the initial importance of productivity growth in smallholder agriculture, which will require both market-based incentives and public support. The second is the role played by strong …
How Relevant Is Targeting To The Success Of An Antipoverty Program?, Martin Ravallion
How Relevant Is Targeting To The Success Of An Antipoverty Program?, Martin Ravallion
Martin Ravallion
Policy-oriented discussions often assume that “better targeting” implies larger impacts on poverty or more cost-effective interventions for fighting poverty. The literature on the economics of targeting warns against that assumption, but evidence has been scarce, and the lessons from the literature have often been ignored by practitioners. The paper shows that standard measures of targeting performance are uninformative, or even deceptive, about the impacts on poverty, and cost-effectiveness in reducing poverty, of a large cash transfer program in China. The results suggest that in program design and evaluation, it would be better to focus directly on the program’s outcomes for …
Corruption: An Organisational Dilemma In Nigeria, Ozy B. Orluwene Jp
Corruption: An Organisational Dilemma In Nigeria, Ozy B. Orluwene Jp
Dr Ozy B.Orluwene,JP
No abstract provided.
Empirical Analysis Of Poverty And Inequality In West Virginia, Hector Addison
Empirical Analysis Of Poverty And Inequality In West Virginia, Hector Addison
Hector Addison
Poverty and income inequality have attracted a lot of attention in recent literature and policy discussions. Using Ordinary Least Squares and Two stage least squares and cross sectional data for all counties in West Virginia, this study examines the determinants of poverty and income inequality and possibility of simultaneous relationship between them. Findings indicate there is a weak simultaneous relationship and income inequality is declining among aged 65 and above. Education, seen as social equalizer does not provide any evidence in reducing income inequality in West Virginia but as more and more women take up headship in families, poverty and …
Critical Examination Of Ghana’S Agriculture Policy Under Vision 2020 Document - Ppt, Hector Addison
Critical Examination Of Ghana’S Agriculture Policy Under Vision 2020 Document - Ppt, Hector Addison
Hector Addison
Ghana, like many developing economies has a huge agricultural based with cocoa being the major export commodity. Since independence in 1957, Ghana had struggled to put together and implement and model of development that guarantees better life for her citizenry. This paper looks at one such document and analyzes it from agriculture perspective in the context of present realities. It is clear that Ghana stands to gain from a transformed agricultural sector which might lead the way to discover the eluded glory as a resource endowed nation