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Articles 1 - 30 of 76
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Women And War, Linda A. Malone
The Regime Of Sex Trafficking Of Women In The United States, Julia Wilson
The Regime Of Sex Trafficking Of Women In The United States, Julia Wilson
Julia Wilson
“I Don’T Know If I Have The Courage”: Reproductive Choices In Times Of Zika, Ana Rosa Linde Arias
“I Don’T Know If I Have The Courage”: Reproductive Choices In Times Of Zika, Ana Rosa Linde Arias
Ana Rosa Linde Arias
A Game Industry Beyond Diversity: Systemic Barriers To Participation In South Korea, Florence M. Chee
A Game Industry Beyond Diversity: Systemic Barriers To Participation In South Korea, Florence M. Chee
Florence Chee
Digital gaming has become a prominent part of mainstream culture. However, as one may observe in the public exhibitions of this form of play, the multitude of reasons for participation in the games industry are especially divided along gender lines. This paper is an analysis of themes emerging from the critical ethnographic examination of South Korea’s1 online game culture that, upon closer and iterative analyses, point to additional socioeconomic complications and systemic barriers to women’s equitable participation in the game development and production. Using South Korea’s national context as a point of reference, the findings from this case study offer …
Gender Issues In News Coverage, Margaretha Geertsema-Sligh
Gender Issues In News Coverage, Margaretha Geertsema-Sligh
Margaretha Geertsema-Sligh
This entry discusses the participation and representation of women in the news media. Women entered journalism primarily to appeal to female audiences in the 19th century and were expected to write about topics considered to be of interest for women, such as food, fashion, family and furniture. Today, global studies show that women remain underrepresented at all levels of news organizations, with a glass ceiling preventing women from rising to top positions. Female journalists are especially facing challenges in war reporting and sports reporting, and as opinion columnists. In terms of representation, women are frequently represented in a negative …
The Integrity Of Women In Re-Making A Nation: The Case Of Guinea-Bissau, Brandon Lundy, Raul Mendes Fernandes Jr., Kezia Lartley
The Integrity Of Women In Re-Making A Nation: The Case Of Guinea-Bissau, Brandon Lundy, Raul Mendes Fernandes Jr., Kezia Lartley
Brandon D. Lundy
This article both acknowledges and celebrates the role of women in re-making the nation of Guinea-Bissau. A gendered perspective and historical and multi-scalar framing demonstrates that women have played integral roles in nation-building over time and space in Guinea-Bissau. How have the women of Guinea-Bissau fashioned their agency? Where are the new forms of agency for women in Guinea-Bissau? An examination of nation-building shows the foundational roles of women, unique aspects of innovative economic enterprise before, during, and after the colonial period, and contemporary political efforts by women toward the production of a successful and inclusive country. Gender has opened …
Sex & Surveillance: Gender, Privacy & The Sexualization Of Power In Prison, Teresa A. Miller
Sex & Surveillance: Gender, Privacy & The Sexualization Of Power In Prison, Teresa A. Miller
Teresa A. Miller
In prison, surveillance is power and power is sexualized. Sex and surveillance, therefore, are profoundly linked. Whereas numerous penal scholars from Bentham to Foucault have theorized the force inherent in the visual monitoring of prisoners, the sexualization of power and the relationship between sex and surveillance is more academically obscure. This article criticizes the failure of federal courts to consider the strong and complex relationship between sex and surveillance in analyzing the constitutionality of prison searches, specifically, cross-gender searches. The analysis proceeds in four parts. Part One introduces the issues posed by sex and surveillance. Part Two describes the sexually …
Policy Advocacy And Leadership Training For Formerly Incarcerated Women: An Empowerment Evaluation Of Reconnect, A Program Of The Women In Prison Project, Correctional Association Of New York, Rahbel Rahman
Rahbel Rahman
There is limited knowledge on re-entry initiatives for formerly incarcerated women specifically focusing on building women’s advocacy and leadership skills. Our research highlights ReConnect, a 12-session, innovative advocacy and leadership development program rooted in an integrated framework of empowerment, and transformational leadership theories. Based on CBPR principles, we conducted an empowerment evaluation where ReConnect graduates, staff members, and evaluators in an egalitarian process designed, collected, and analyzed data on how ReConnect assists formerly incarcerated women in the reentry process. The evaluation’s purpose is to offer practitioners and researchers an explanatory model on how to help formerly incarcerate women access …
Gender Attitudes, Gendered Partisanship: Feminism And Support For Sarah Palin And Hillary Clinton Among Party Activists, Elizabeth Sharrow, Dara Z. Strolovitch, Michael T. Heaney, Seth E. Masket, Joanne M. Miller
Gender Attitudes, Gendered Partisanship: Feminism And Support For Sarah Palin And Hillary Clinton Among Party Activists, Elizabeth Sharrow, Dara Z. Strolovitch, Michael T. Heaney, Seth E. Masket, Joanne M. Miller
Elizabeth Sharrow
Rethinking Critical Mass In The Federal Appellate Courts., Laura Moyer
Rethinking Critical Mass In The Federal Appellate Courts., Laura Moyer
Laura Moyer
This article draws from critical mass studies of gender in other political institutions to inform an application to the US Courts of Appeals. The results demonstrate the utility of considering court-level aspects of diversity. As mixed-sex panels become more common within a circuit, both male and female judges increasingly support plaintiffs in civil rights claims, though the magnitude of the effect is larger for women. The presence of a female chief judge is also positively associated with pro-plaintiff decisions by men and women in sex discrimination cases.
Primary Sources Out Of Context - African Women: A Historical Panorama By Patricia W. Romero, Rebecca Gearhart
Primary Sources Out Of Context - African Women: A Historical Panorama By Patricia W. Romero, Rebecca Gearhart
Rebecca Gearhart Mafazy
No abstract provided.
A Profile Of Women Released Into Cook County Communities From Jail And Prison, Gipsy Escobar, David Olson
A Profile Of Women Released Into Cook County Communities From Jail And Prison, Gipsy Escobar, David Olson
David E. Olson
This testimoney presented at the Cook County, Illinois Commission on Women's Issues hearing on incarceration summarizes the characteristics of women admitted to the Cook County, Illinois, Jail, how these compare to male detainees, and the criminal history and specific communities detainees resided in before their incarceration.
Oat Β-Glucan Supplementation Does Not Enhance The Effectiveness Of An Energy-Restricted Diet In Overweight Women, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Oat Β-Glucan Supplementation Does Not Enhance The Effectiveness Of An Energy-Restricted Diet In Overweight Women, Eleanor J. Beck, Linda C. Tapsell, Marijka J. Batterham, Susan M. Tosh, Xu-Feng Huang
Dr Marijka Batterham
Epidemiological evidence shows an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight gain. Oat β-glucan, a soluble fibre alters appetite hormones and subjective satiety in acute meal test studies, but its effects have not been demonstrated with chronic consumption. The present study aimed to test the effects in women of two different doses of oat β-glucan on weight loss and hormones associated with appetite regulation. In a 3-month parallel trial, sixty-six overweight females were randomised into one of three 2 MJ energy-deficit diets: a control and two interventions including 5–6 g or 8–9 g β-glucan. Anthropometric and metabolic variables …
Reading Music: Representing Female Performance In Nineteenth-Century British Piano Method Books And Novels, Laura Vorachek
Reading Music: Representing Female Performance In Nineteenth-Century British Piano Method Books And Novels, Laura Vorachek
Laura Vorachek
The editorial content of piano method books published in the nineteenth century contributed to the gendering of the domestic piano by targeting a middle-class female audience. At the same time, these tutorials circumscribed the ability and ambition of female pianists, cautioning women against technical display or performing challenging pieces in company, thereby reinforcing the stereotype of the graceful, demure woman who played a little. However, this effort was complicated by both the tutorials themselves and contemporary fiction. The middle-class women reading these tutorials also read novels—a fact the method books occasionally acknowledge—which often presented a very different picture of women’s …
Playing Italian: Cross-Cultural Dress And Investigative Journalism At The Fin De Siècle, Laura Vorachek
Playing Italian: Cross-Cultural Dress And Investigative Journalism At The Fin De Siècle, Laura Vorachek
Laura Vorachek
This examination of late Victorian journalism reveals that one type of clothing offered middle-class women protection from street harassment: cross-cultural dress. In appropriate ethnic attire, reporters and social investigators ventured into the immigrant communities that made up a part of England’s urban poor, exploring such trades as Jewish fur-puller or Italian organ-grinder. This incognito ethnic attire afforded women both the means and the authority to carry out their investigations into the Italian constituency of the Victorian working poor. This study also examines how costumes enabled female investigators to manipulate class- and gender-based assumptions about who had broad access to the …
Actitudes Sobre La Violencia Hacia La Pareja Y Roles De Género De Las Mujeres Uruguayas., Maximo Rossi, Marisa Bucheli
Actitudes Sobre La Violencia Hacia La Pareja Y Roles De Género De Las Mujeres Uruguayas., Maximo Rossi, Marisa Bucheli
Maximo Rossi
According to World Health Organization (2013), 30% of even-partnered women have experienced either physical or/and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in the course of their lives.
The incidence of IPV in Latin America and Caribbean region is higher relative to other high income and middle-income countries. This problem is particularly relevant in Uruguay. The empirical literature provides evidence that violence towards partners is more likely among individuals that justify, approve or favor this type of violence.
This paper explores the extent to which tolerant attitudes to violence against women are correlated with tolerance to violence against men, and the relation …
Loyalty's Reward — A Felony Conviction: Recent Prosecutions Of High-Status Female Offenders, Michelle S. Jacobs
Loyalty's Reward — A Felony Conviction: Recent Prosecutions Of High-Status Female Offenders, Michelle S. Jacobs
Michelle S Jacobs
Between 2001 and 2004, six high-status women were charged with crimes in connection with corporate criminal cases. The public is familiar with some of them, although not all of their cases have been covered equally in the press. With the exception of an occasional article now and then mentioning the exploding rates of female incarceration, women's crime tends to be invisible to the public eye. The statistical data the government collects and analyzes on women and crime will be discussed. This article will focus on the prosecution of the individual cases of Lea Fastow, Betty Vinson, and Martha Stewart. Their …
Human Rights, Women, And Third World Development, Winston E. Langley
Human Rights, Women, And Third World Development, Winston E. Langley
Winston E. Langley
As part of the effort to inaugurate a new international socio-political order after World War II, international emphasis was given to certain moral and legal entitlements we have come to call human rights. That emphasis initially found its most forceful expression in the Charter of the United Nations, which not only asserts its members' faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, as well as in the equal rights of men and women of all nations, but also recites its members' commitment to employ international machinery for the promotion of the social and economic …
Providing Support To Survivors Of Domestic Violence By Vibhuti Patel, Professor Vibhuti Patel
Providing Support To Survivors Of Domestic Violence By Vibhuti Patel, Professor Vibhuti Patel
Professor Vibhuti Patel
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2006 Historical Background • In 1983, domestic violence was recognised as a specific criminal offence by the introduction of section 498-A into the Indian Penal Code. This section deals with cruelty by a husband or his family towards a married woman. Four types of cruelty are dealt with by this law: • conduct that is likely to drive a woman to suicide, • conduct which is likely to cause grave injury to the life, limb or health of the woman, • harassment with the purpose of forcing the woman or her relatives to …
Sexual Objectification Of The Female Body And Breastfeeding, Margaret Sinclair, Corina Sanchez
Sexual Objectification Of The Female Body And Breastfeeding, Margaret Sinclair, Corina Sanchez
Margaret R.Sinclair
The act of breastfeeding has been heavily contested, advocated, stigmatized, and studied; it has been treated much like a phenomenon than a natural situation. In much of the discourse about breastfeeding, the focus is on cultural paradigms regarding breastfeeding, socio-economic challenges of specific demographic groups, and medical benefits for the mother and/or child. While all of these factors are very important concerning the discourse on breastfeeding, none of these points of views deal directly with the ultimate subject of controversy...the woman. The female body is highly sexualized; resulting in women’s reluctance to breastfeed and the overall stigmatization of the practice. …
Reasons Behind The Decision To Migrate: Are Men’S And Women’S Different? A Review Of The Literature, Veronica Pastor
Reasons Behind The Decision To Migrate: Are Men’S And Women’S Different? A Review Of The Literature, Veronica Pastor
veronica pastor
While the decision to migrate is always essentially economic, men and women experience different “push and pull factors” and different opportunities resulting in different strategies.
Talking About Food And Nutrition: Australian Women's Magazines, Danielle Mcvie, Heather Yeatman, Sandra C. Jones
Talking About Food And Nutrition: Australian Women's Magazines, Danielle Mcvie, Heather Yeatman, Sandra C. Jones
Sandra Jones
Abstract presented at the Cultivating Appetites for Knowledge International Food Conference, May 30 - Jun 3 2007, Victoria, Canada
'I Don't Really Know, So It's A Guess': Women's Reasons For Breast Cancer Risk Estimation., Nancy Humpel, Sandra C. Jones
'I Don't Really Know, So It's A Guess': Women's Reasons For Breast Cancer Risk Estimation., Nancy Humpel, Sandra C. Jones
Sandra Jones
Women of all ages have been found to overestimate both the incidence and the mortality rate from breast cancer and the reasons for this are unclear. A qualitative study asked eighty three women (mean age = 44 years) how likely they thought they were to get breast cancer and to explain the reasoning behind their choice. Based on their responses, women's perceptions were categorised as: no risk (5%); reasonably accurate (30%); overestimated (22%); and greatly overestimated (43%). Four main themes emerged from the reasons given: 'Don't know/guess', 'family history' of breast cancer, 'age' related reasoning, and making their decision from …
Measuring The Success Of Intervention Programmes Designed To Increase The Participation Rate By Women In Computing, Annemieke Craig, Linda Dawson, Julie Fisher
Measuring The Success Of Intervention Programmes Designed To Increase The Participation Rate By Women In Computing, Annemieke Craig, Linda Dawson, Julie Fisher
Associate Professor Linda Dawson
Many intervention programmes to encourage greater female participation in computer education and careers have been conducted in the last twenty years. These intervention programmes take considerable time, effort and money to design and implement. If success were to be measured by an increase in the percentage of female students undertaking computing courses then these programmes would have to be considered a failure. This paper describes a research project which examined fourteen intervention programmes in detail. From the perspective of the programme champions each of the intervention programmes was considered successful, even when this success was restricted to specific areas or …
Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass
Subrata Chakrabarty
Combating Sex Trafficking: A History, Donna M. Hughes Dr.
Combating Sex Trafficking: A History, Donna M. Hughes Dr.
Donna M. Hughes
No abstract provided.
Women's Network (At W&M), Katharine Conley
Women's Pay In Australia, Great Britain And The United States: Commentary, Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Women's Pay In Australia, Great Britain And The United States: Commentary, Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Ronald G. Ehrenberg
[Excerpt] My reaction to this paper is mixed. On the one hand, it represents one of the few serious efforts I know of to place discussions about comparable worth in a comparative perspective and to bring evidence from other countries' experiences into the debate about policy in the United States. For this the authors should be resoundingly applauded. On the other hand, I am left with the feeling that they have not pushed their empirical analyses as hard as they might have, and because of this, in places they may have drawn some inappropriate conclusions. My discussion will elaborate on …
Marriage Vows And Economic Discrimination: The Married Teacher Problem, Sabrina Thomas
Marriage Vows And Economic Discrimination: The Married Teacher Problem, Sabrina Thomas
Sabrina Thomas
This study analyzes the rapid increase of economic discrimination against married women teachers in the early twentieth century, particularly during the Depression. It challenges the notion that economic discrimination against married women teachers was simple, easy, and largely was unchallenged. I argue that the creation and proliferation of marriage bars in the early twentieth century involved a compounded and multifaceted set of economic and social concerns. Support for this argument is accomplished by examination of the national debate on marriage bars as well as careful investigation of the local debate illustrated in Huntington, West Virginia.
Marginalised Mothers: Lesbian Women Negotiating Heteronormative Healthcare Services, Brenda Hayman, Lesley Wilkes, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Debra Jackson
Marginalised Mothers: Lesbian Women Negotiating Heteronormative Healthcare Services, Brenda Hayman, Lesley Wilkes, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Debra Jackson
Elizabeth Jane Halcomb Professor
Lesbian mothers share mainstream existence with other mothers by virtue of their motherhood, but remain marginalised by their non-heterosexual identity. This paper will draw on the qualitative findings of a recent Australian study that examined the experiences of lesbian mothers. Using a story-sharing method, data were collected using three methods; a demographic data sheet, in-depth semi-structured interviews and journaling. The findings demonstrated that participants experienced various forms of homophobia when interfacing with healthcare services and providers and included exclusion, heterosexual assumption, inappropriate questioning and refusal of services. Strategies used to avoid homophobia included screening and crusading.