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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Reforming Social Security And Social Safety Net Programs In Developing Countries, Gary Fields, Olivia Mitchell
Reforming Social Security And Social Safety Net Programs In Developing Countries, Gary Fields, Olivia Mitchell
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] Developing country governments around the world, as well as the development agencies advising them, have become increasingly alarmed about the cost of social security systems and social safety net programs and economic inefficiencies resulting from these programs' operation. Taken together, both social security and safety net programs may be jointly referred to as "economic security programs". In this paper we identify the main sources of economic insecurity facing developing country populations, highlight the ways in which existing social safety net and social security programs meet (or fail to meet) these risks, and draw out some high-priority reforms required to …
Labor Standards, Economic Development, And International Trade, Gary Fields
Labor Standards, Economic Development, And International Trade, Gary Fields
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] Higher real earnings at the fullest possible level of employment are the goals of those of us who work in the labor field. This paper addresses the role of labor standards in helping to achieve those goals. The United States government has two sets of interests in labor standards. The Department of Labor is supposed to "foster, promote, and develop the welfare of the wage earners of the United States, to improve their working conditions, and to advance their opportunities for profitable employment." The Agency for International Development seeks to "help the poor toward a better life" in a …
Earning Their Way Out Of Poverty (Outline And Sample Chapter), Gary Fields
Earning Their Way Out Of Poverty (Outline And Sample Chapter), Gary Fields
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] According to the latest figures, today an estimated 3.1 billion people still live in absolute poverty, essentially all of them in the low- and middle-income countries of Asia, Latin America, and Africa and none of them in what are traditionally called the “developed economies” of North America (excluding Mexico), Western Europe, and selected parts of Asia and Oceania. This book is about how the poor live and work and what actions the world community could take to improve poor people’s earning opportunities as a central component of a multifaceted program aimed at ending the scourge of absolute economic misery.