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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Interventions And Production Sector Waste In Ldc Agriculture, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
Interventions And Production Sector Waste In Ldc Agriculture, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Recent studies have revealed that less developed countries (LDCs) have been taxing their agricultural sectors at rates of 40-50%. This study uses quantity-based general equilibrium measures of deadweight loss to evaluate the cost of these distortions in 18 of these countries. The Allais-Debreu loss measures indicate that from 7–16% of either output or of the agricultural resource base has been wasted due to the associated misallocation of agricultural inputs across these countries. Agriculture is heavily taxed in less developed countries (LDCs), with combined direct and indirect tax rates of 40 to 50% being common. These levels of intervention surely have …
Ethanol In Nebraska, Richard Perrin
Ethanol In Nebraska, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Ethanol production in the U.S. has mushroomed at the rate of nearly 20 percent per year in this young century. In Nebraska, ethanol production increased from about 500 million gallons in 1999 to over 700 million gallons in 2004. Furthermore, recent Nebraska plant construction suggests that it can be expected to increase by at least another 40 percent within the next year or two.
Non-Parametric Environmental Adjusted Productivity [Eap] Measures: Nebraska Agriculture Sector, Saleem Shaik, Richard Perrin
Non-Parametric Environmental Adjusted Productivity [Eap] Measures: Nebraska Agriculture Sector, Saleem Shaik, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Traditional total factor productivity [TFP] misrepresents the true change in agricultural productivity to the extent that environmental bads jointly produced with desirable outputs are unaccounted. Nonparametric productivity measures incorporating environmental bads are evaluated for Nebraska agriculture. The results indicate that prior to the 1980's the traditional TFP measures overstate productivity growth while it is underestimated afterwards, reflecting peak use of chemicals.
Is Corn Ethanol Economically Viable In The Long Run?, Richard Perrin
Is Corn Ethanol Economically Viable In The Long Run?, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
The corn ethanol industry is in the pits, with plants being idled and firms declaring bankruptcy. Not only that, but each month seems to bring a new study assailing corn ethanol because it doesn’t help the environment, or it doesn’t reduce dependence on foreign oil, or it drives up food prices, or it is harmful to health.
Prices And Productivity In Agriculture, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
Prices And Productivity In Agriculture, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Developing countries often tax agriculture heavily, a practice that might affect the productivity as well as the quantity of resources allocated to agriculture. A variable-coefficient cross-country agricultural production function is estimated, with past price expectations among the determinants of the production coefficients. Productivity’s responsiveness to those expectations implies that had these developing economies eliminated price interventions, agricultural productivity would have increased on average by about a fourth. In agriculture, as any other sector, output prices affect the amount of resources allocated to aggregate production. According to a review by Binswanger (1989) these movements along the supply function reflect an elasticity …
Ethanol And Low Carbon Fuel Standards, Richard Perrin
Ethanol And Low Carbon Fuel Standards, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
There have been two primary reasons why the public has had an interest in more ethanol, rather than leaving the issue to the private market. First, it has been thought to be beneficial in slowing climate change. Second, it would increase energy independence by reducing the amount of petroleum we import. We will discuss the first of these issues in this article, with the second issue to be addressed in a later article.
Dynamic Pricing Of Genetically Modified Crop Traits, Richard Perrin, Lilyan Fulginiti
Dynamic Pricing Of Genetically Modified Crop Traits, Richard Perrin, Lilyan Fulginiti
Richard K Perrin
The issue considered here is the retail pricing of patented crop traits such as Roundup Ready herbicide resistance or Bt insect resistance. Our concern is not with the price of the seeds in which the traits are embodied, but rather with the implicit or explicit price for the traits themselves. Intellectual property rights are now available for traits, and while monopoly pricing of them has received some limited consideration in the economics literature1, no one has yet examined the possible implications of the durability of these traits as a factor in determining such monopolists' pricing behavior.
Grain Ethanol - Why Consider Food For Fuel?, Richard Perrin
Grain Ethanol - Why Consider Food For Fuel?, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Current U.S. energy policy encourages additional ethanol production through a combination of subsidies and mandates. Grain ethanol production converts a potential food into fuel. Concerns have been expressed that this drives up the price of food, and could contributed to world hunger problems. Other objections to grain ethanol have been raised: it might not reduce greenhouse gases much if at all; intensified cropping could deteriorate environmental resources, and it might increase smog in cities. Why, then, do proponents favor increased grain ethanol production? It is possible that it will educe greenhouse gas emissions; it can reduce petroleum imports, it can …
The Theory And Measurement Of Producer Response Under Quotas, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
The Theory And Measurement Of Producer Response Under Quotas, Lilyan Fulginiti, Richard Perrin
Richard K Perrin
Tobin and Houthakker's work on consumer behavior under quantity rationing has been extended by many authors, especially through the use of duality theory. This paper uses duality theory to extend the work on demand theory under rationing to the case of producer behavior under quotas. These results permit estimation of otherwise unobservable market supply and demand structures The structure of the farm economy operating under a tobacco quota system is estimated, and the theory is utilized to infer that the supply elasticity of tobacco would be about 70 if the quotas were removed. Estimates such as this are not normally …