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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 30 of 46
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Impact Of Gangs On Community Life In Trinidad, Ericka Adams, Patrice Morris, Edward Maguire
The Impact Of Gangs On Community Life In Trinidad, Ericka Adams, Patrice Morris, Edward Maguire
Faculty Publications
Trinidad and Tobago has more than 100 criminal gangs, some of which engage in high levels of homicide and violence. Recent research has shown that gang members in Trinidad and Tobago are more likely than nongang members to be arrested for violent, property, and drug crimes. As gangs continue to proliferate throughout the Caribbean, there is a pressing need to understand the nature of these gangs and their impact on the communities in which they are entrenched. Using data from interviews with community members, police officials, and gang members, as well as ethnographic observations from 10 high crime, predominantly Black …
Minimizing And Addressing Microaggressions In The Workplace: Be Proactive, Part 2, Shamika Dalton, Michele Villagran
Minimizing And Addressing Microaggressions In The Workplace: Be Proactive, Part 2, Shamika Dalton, Michele Villagran
Faculty Publications
Our nation’s history plays a huge role in the way we perceive underrepresented groups. From slavery to segregation, to the inequality in compensation for women and people of color, to the refusal to wed same sex couples, discrimination and opposition has plagued the United States for decades. Since the Civil Rights Movement, discrimination towards underrepresented groups has shifted from overt acts to subtle and semiconscious manifestations called microaggressions. These manifestations reside in well-intentioned individuals who are often unaware of their biased beliefs, attitudes, and actions. They can lead to inequities within our relationships and affect our work productivity.
Measuring African American Female College Athletes’ Athletic Identity To Determine Support Service Needs, Akilah R. Carter-Francique, Billy J. Hawkins, Charles Crowley
Measuring African American Female College Athletes’ Athletic Identity To Determine Support Service Needs, Akilah R. Carter-Francique, Billy J. Hawkins, Charles Crowley
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
No abstract provided.
Minimizing And Addressing Implicit Bias In The Workplace: Be Proactive, Part One, Shamika Dalton, Michele Villagran
Minimizing And Addressing Implicit Bias In The Workplace: Be Proactive, Part One, Shamika Dalton, Michele Villagran
Faculty Publications
Librarians and information professionals cannot hide from bias: a prejudice for or against something, someone, or a group. As human beings, we all have biases. However, implicit biases are ones that affect us in an unconscious manner. Awareness of our implicit biases, and how they can affect our colleagues and work environment, is critical to promoting an inclusive work environment. Part one of this two-part article series will focus on implicit bias: what is implicit bias, how these biases affect the work environment, and best practices for reducing these biases within recruitment, hiring, and retention in the library workplace.
Delineating Victims From Perpetrators: Prosecuting Self-Produced Child Pornography In Youth Criminal Justice Systems, Bryce Westlake
Delineating Victims From Perpetrators: Prosecuting Self-Produced Child Pornography In Youth Criminal Justice Systems, Bryce Westlake
Faculty Publications
Video recording technology advancements and accessibility has been paralleled by a growth in self-produced child pornography (SPCP). Although social and judicial attention has been given to instances of teenage sexting, Internet-based forms of SPCP, such as webcam/website sex tourism, have almost been ignored. While some of the proposed legislation reform has referenced video-based SPCP, the majority has focused on SPCP distributed through cellular phones; excluding that which is manifested online or through entrepreneurial efforts. The purpose of this article is to introduce non-sexting SPCP, using the case study of Justin Berry (in the United States), and to propose a broad …
Social Work Support For Families In Crisis At Our Southern Border, Gil Villagran
Social Work Support For Families In Crisis At Our Southern Border, Gil Villagran
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
"What the hell is going on at the U.S.-Mexico border?"Knowing of my 35 years of Child Welfare direct practice social work for the Santa Clara Social Services Agency, and 20 years of teaching social work at San Jose State University, as well as my study of human rights and Latin American history, many of my friends have been asking me, about as our president might ask: "What the hell is going on at the U.S.-Mexico border?"
Strengths And Coping Strategies In The Life Narratives Of Sexual Minority Women, Laurie Drabble, Karen F. Trocki, Brenda Salcedo, Bobbi R. Morales, Rachael Korcha
Strengths And Coping Strategies In The Life Narratives Of Sexual Minority Women, Laurie Drabble, Karen F. Trocki, Brenda Salcedo, Bobbi R. Morales, Rachael Korcha
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
This study explored self-described strengths and strategies for coping with stress among sexual minority women (SMW), drawing on qualitative narratives of sexual minority and heterosexual women who were recruited from a population-based sample. In-depth follow-up qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with 48 women who had participated in the National Alcohol Survey, a U.S. population-based survey. Participants included 25 SMW and 16 matched exclusively heterosexual women. Narrative data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and constant comparison to explore the study aim, with an emphasis on themes that diverged or that were particularly salient for SMW relative to heterosexual women. Strengths …
Collaboration And Research Practice In Intelligence, Minna Räsänen
Collaboration And Research Practice In Intelligence, Minna Räsänen
Secrecy and Society
Close, intensive research collaboration between universities, companies, and the public sector can open up new and different opportunities for qualitative research, and provide analytic and empirical insights that otherwise might be difficult to obtain. The aim of this paper is to explore collaboration as a means of doing research with the intelligence community. Experiences from a research project concerning dilemmas the practitioners face in their organization within the Swedish Armed Forces, serve as a starting point for this reflective discussion. It is argued here that collaboration is suitable when change is required. The mutual learning between the actors feeds into …
Ethnographic Research In The U.S. Intelligence Community: Opportunities And Challenges, Bridget Nolan
Ethnographic Research In The U.S. Intelligence Community: Opportunities And Challenges, Bridget Nolan
Secrecy and Society
This article considers lessons learned from conducting research inside the intelligence community. Drawing on a year of ethnographic field work and interviews at the National Counterterrorism Center, I show that “boundary personnel”- people who navigate between the worlds of academia and national security - provide value added in the form of tacit knowledge that outside researchers would not be able to deliver. At the same time, these people face delays, challenges to freedom of information, and ethical considerations that are unique to their positions. Despite setbacks, social scientists must continue their engagement with national security organizations to further our understanding …
Book Review: Battering States: The Politics Of Domestic Violence In Israel. By Madelaine Adelman. Nashville, Tenn.: Vanderbilt University Press, 2017. Pp. Xiv+290. $69.95 (Cloth); $34.95 (Paper)., Amy Leisenring
Faculty Publications, Sociology
In Battering States: The Politics of Domestic Violence in Israel, anthropologist Madelaine Adelman utilizes an impressive array of ethnographic methods to examine how statecraft shapes domestic violence. Her thoughtful project is interdisciplinary in nature and analyzes when and how intimate partner violence intersects with cultural politics of the state. Her focus centers on Israel, where a number of distinctive factors make this a particularly compelling site for the type of study in which she engages: the existence of a “contentious multinational and multiethnic population,” “competing and overlapping sets of religious civil family law” (p. 2), pervasive state securitism and political …
Lasting Legacy: Local Activist Jose Villa Was A Driver For Positive, Lasting Change, Jose D. Villa
Lasting Legacy: Local Activist Jose Villa Was A Driver For Positive, Lasting Change, Jose D. Villa
Jose D. Villa Archive
Published for local Metro Silicon Valley newspaper; authored by Gary Singh. August 1-7, 2018. Vol. 34 (21): 12.
More Than Just Words: Credible Strike Threats In The Us, 2012-2016, Robert Ovetz
More Than Just Words: Credible Strike Threats In The Us, 2012-2016, Robert Ovetz
Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity
According to our on-line survey conducted during the Winter and Spring of 2017, between 2012-2016 the number of workers threatening to strike was 199 percent higher than the number who actually did strike according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In our analysis of 48 on-line survey respondents and 10 in depth phone interviews we found that while the number of strikes has continued on a steady decline over the past few decades, the evidence points to more workers ready and willing to strike. We call the willingness to strike, and the capacity to do so, a credible strike threat, …
The Racial Oppression In America’S Mass Incarceration, Marcella Sorrentino
The Racial Oppression In America’S Mass Incarceration, Marcella Sorrentino
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
This paper seeks to expose the racial oppression embedded within the United States' practice of mass incarceration and will provide recommendations to ameliorate this discriminatory practice that harshly and inequitably impacts people of color. Many minority communities are stuck in a continuous cycle of poverty and incarceration, in part because they are targeted and oppressed by the criminal justice system more frequently than middle class white communities. Consequently, incarcerated people of color exhibit high rates of recidivism because of being stripped of resources and being sent back to impoverished, drug-ridden neighborhoods. The War on Drugs in the 1980s and the …
Mass Incarceration: Slavery Renamed, Samantha Pereira
Mass Incarceration: Slavery Renamed, Samantha Pereira
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
This paper aims to analyze the connections between slavery and mass incarceration. It begins by giving background information regarding the topic and setting the framework to argue that slavery was never abolished, but was instead continued using mass incarceration. The paper then goes on to further explain this concept by examining the constitutional and judicial laws in the United States, slave plantations and prisons, with regard to geographical, architectural, and operational design, and finally, the role of society in both systems. The framework for continuing slavery was set with the passing of the 13th Amendment and has since been expanded …
Effects Of Abuse On Female Offenders, Grabiela Carranza
Effects Of Abuse On Female Offenders, Grabiela Carranza
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
Between 1995 and 2005, the number of female offenders increased significantly. However, studies show that most female offenders do not commit violent crimes. Researchers have established that women that have experienced some form of abuse causes them to offend. Although women do not commit violent crimes, they still receive severe punishments. Incarceration is not a solution for reform and courts should consider the effects of abuse on female offenders. This paper illustrates how the effects of abuse correlates with female offenders, describes the effects of abuse on male offenders and how it relates to female offenders, and provides additional risk …
Contributing Factors To Mass Incarceration And Recidivism, Nayely Esparza Flores
Contributing Factors To Mass Incarceration And Recidivism, Nayely Esparza Flores
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
The United States has been historically known for having the most incarcerated individuals in its country. Approximately 2.3 million adults can be found under some type of penal control. Since the 1960s, the number of incarcerated individuals can be attributed to decades of tough on crime policies, controversial police practices, and racism. Mass incarceration has raised significant social justice issues, especially since it has been heavily concentrated on poor, uneducated African American men. Moreover, recidivism rates in the United States are at an all time high with over 76.6% of offenders reoffending and returning to prison (National Institute of Justice, …
Officer-Involved Domestic Violence: The Mediating Factors, Isaac Baron
Officer-Involved Domestic Violence: The Mediating Factors, Isaac Baron
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
Domestic and family violence has been a critical issue in contemporary society. Efforts have been made in researching the causes, effects, and mediating factors of domestic violence in relation to the workplace. Studies demonstrate that a relationship between conflict crossing over from the work to the home environment exist. Additional studies demonstrate that domestic violence does affect the workplace; however, there is little to no scientific data on the reverse relationship. The reverse relationship regards whether the workplace affects the occurrence of domestic violence. This research paper will dive into this topic, and on the lack of data available. Supporting …
An In-Depth Look Into Cybercrime, Brandon Mcdaniel
An In-Depth Look Into Cybercrime, Brandon Mcdaniel
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
Cybercrime is an increasing area of study in the field of criminology. With the advancement of technology and the growing use of social media, people are connected all over the world more than they have ever been before. It is not the invention of new crimes but technology has allowed old crimes to be committed through a new medium. This paper explores the realm of cyberspace and how old crimes are being committed in new ways by different countries and people.
Domestic And International Firearm Laws: Can Implementation Be Used To Nationally Decrease Firearm Violence And Mass Shootings, Kenneth Banuelos
Domestic And International Firearm Laws: Can Implementation Be Used To Nationally Decrease Firearm Violence And Mass Shootings, Kenneth Banuelos
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science
The issue of firearm violence in the United States is highly controversial, as there are sound arguments on both sides of the discussion. Advocates of stricter gun laws often refer to both international and domestic examples that highlight the effectiveness of more restrictive firearm policies. Japan and Australia are two such countries that are continually referred to when a tragedy, such as a mass shooting, occurs in the United States and initial reactions often emphasis a need for fewer guns in the general public. Opposition to the proposed reforms of firearm policies cite the importance of the Second Amendment which …
Saving The Resistance: The Purépechan People Of Northern Mexico, Maranyeli Estrada
Saving The Resistance: The Purépechan People Of Northern Mexico, Maranyeli Estrada
McNair Research Journal SJSU
The indigenous Purépechan people of Mexico have endured a long history of conflict. Throughout their struggles, including those of conquest by the Aztec Empire and the Spanish, and all the historical trauma endured, they have managed to preserve their culture and remain resilient in the face of adversity. By exploring their history, economic system, social and political organization, ideology and religion, we can help preserve what remains of these incredibly strong indigenous people who were among the few indigenous tribes to have resisted the Aztec Empire takeover.
Ethnic Identity, Self-Esteem & Intra Group Conflicts Amongst Latinos, Christian Arevalo
Ethnic Identity, Self-Esteem & Intra Group Conflicts Amongst Latinos, Christian Arevalo
McNair Research Journal SJSU
Unlike Salvadorans, Mexican/Mexican Americans have long established communities revolved around their culture. They have advanced in social class, education and political representation. On the other hand, Salvadorans have only just recently begun migrating and settling in predominantly Mexican/Mexican American communities. Competition over resources and the preservation of Mexican/Mexican American culture has caused continuing conflicts among Salvadorans and Mexicans/Mexican Americans. Additionally, inter-ethnic and in-group conflicts are also affected by generational differences (1st, 2nd, 3rd generation, etc.). Due to acculturation, Latinos/as struggle to retain their cultural heritage and parents often lose the ability to influence their children’s ethnic identity (customs, language, social …
Police Response To Mental Health-Related Calls For Service In The City Of Watsonville: A Process Evaluation Of The City Of Watsonville’S Plan To Assist Their Officers When Responding To Citizens With Mental Health Issues, Joseph Perez
Master's Projects
Police officers respond to a variety of calls for service 24 hours a day, seven days a week, including mental-health related emergencies. With deinstitutionalization of individuals with severe mental illness, officers are often the first to be called to contact these individuals when they are in crisis (DeCuir, Lamb & Weinberger, 2002). Yet, few law enforcement officers have adequate training to manage interactions with people in mental health crisis. Officers perceive mental health related calls as very unpredictable and dangerous, which without adequate training in de-escalation, could inadvertently cause them to approach in a manner which escalates the situation (Fulambarker …
Chapter Markers, Linda Heindenreich
Chapter Markers, Linda Heindenreich
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Contributors, Linda Heindenreich
Contributors, Linda Heindenreich
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Who Is Valued In A “Community Of Value”? Conceptualizing The Boundaries Of Belonging At The County Level, Elizabeth Munoz
Who Is Valued In A “Community Of Value”? Conceptualizing The Boundaries Of Belonging At The County Level, Elizabeth Munoz
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Invoking History: A Queer Roadmap To Liberation, Irene Mata
Invoking History: A Queer Roadmap To Liberation, Irene Mata
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Moises Serrano's Forbidden: A North Carolinian Dreamer’S Twist On Chicanx Memoir, Testimonio, And Geography, Jennifer Carolina Gómez Menjívar
Moises Serrano's Forbidden: A North Carolinian Dreamer’S Twist On Chicanx Memoir, Testimonio, And Geography, Jennifer Carolina Gómez Menjívar
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Femicide In The Americas, Daniella Hernández
Femicide In The Americas, Daniella Hernández
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Memoir Of Un Ser Humano: The Life And Times Of Raulrsalinas, Louis G. Mendoza
Memoir Of Un Ser Humano: The Life And Times Of Raulrsalinas, Louis G. Mendoza
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Los Secretos De La Redada De Los 41 (The Secrets Of The Raid Of The 41): A Sociohistorical Analysis Of A Gay Signifier, Lucas E. Espinoza, Rosalva Resendiz
Los Secretos De La Redada De Los 41 (The Secrets Of The Raid Of The 41): A Sociohistorical Analysis Of A Gay Signifier, Lucas E. Espinoza, Rosalva Resendiz
NACCS Annual Conference Proceedings
No abstract provided.