Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Modeling Initial Participation Of Diverse Communities In Competitive Swimming, Dane W. Wolfrom, Emily J. Murray, Angela M. Dominguez

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This research note introduces the Initial Participation Model, which theorizes continued participation in a activity or group before individuals make commitment is a function of: enjoyment, feeling of inclusion, and/or involvement opportunities. The specific focus of this research is investigating how deficiency in enjoyment, feeling of inclusion, and involvement opportunities may discourage continuing participation in competitive swimming by underrepresented populations such as African American, Black, Hispanic, Latino, Native American, Pacific Islander and low-socioeconomic communities. Details explain how initial participation differs from other sport stages by emphasizing participation; relating to program instead of sport; and resetting each time an individual joins …