Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Factory System, Meghan Burke, David Embrick

Meghan A. Burke

Dr. Burke's additional contributions to this publication include "Colorism" and "Biological Determinism", also coauthored with David G. Embrick.

Success Attained, Deterred, And Denied: Divergent Pathways To Social Mobility In Los Angeles's New Second Generation, Min Zhou, Jennifer Lee, Jody Vallejo, Rosaura Tafoya-Estrada, Yang Xiong

Rosaura Conley-Estrada

This article highlights divergent pathways to mobility among members of the new second generation, identifies key mechanisms affecting the choices they make in their pursuit of success, and explains how specific choices were pivotal in determining outcomes of segmented assimilation. First, the authors evaluate definitions of success and pathways to social mobility, advancing a subject-centered approach to study second-generation mobility. Second, the article turns to the results from the authors' ongoing qualitative study of the new second generation in Los Angeles to examine cases that exemplify predictable and anomalous outcomes. Third, the authors zoom in on patterns that emerge from …

Eloquence And Reason: Creating A First Amendment Culture, Robert L. Tsai

Robert L Tsai

This book presents a general theory to explain how the words in the Constitution become culturally salient ideas, inscribed in the habits and outlooks of ordinary Americans. "Eloquence and Reason" employs the First Amendment as a case study to illustrate that liberty is achieved through the formation of a common language and a set of organizing beliefs. The book explicates the structure of First Amendment language as a distinctive discourse and illustrates how activists, lawyers, and even presidents help to sustain our First Amendment belief system. When significant changes to constitutional law occur, they are best understood as the results …

The Death Of An Accused Scientist - The Reporting On Bruce Ivins And It's Use Of The Mad Scientist Stereotype, Hontas Farmer

Hontas F Farmer

The mad scientist stereotype seems to be alive and well. This time it is emerging in a disturbing way. A US Army scientist, Bruce E. Ivins, committed suicide at the age of 62. He has been implicated in the Anthrax case from 2001. You remember those letters that started to show up after 9/11 "Death to America, Death to Israel, Praise be to Allah!" (That is another set of stereotypes for another day. Those letters fueled Anti Arab/"Arab looking person" hate crimes and islamophobia for months after 9/11.) Well now that he is dead and cannot protect himself from allegations …

Gender-Based Employment And Income Differences In Urban China: Considering The Contributions Of Marriage And Parenthood, Yuping Zhang, Emily Hannum, Meiyan Wang

Emily C. Hannum

Previous research on China's labor market gender gaps has emphasized the human and political capital disadvantages of women and new discrimination in the reform era. Analyzing the China Urban Labor Survey/China Adult Literacy Survey, this paper shows that while women are significantly disadvantaged by various measures of human and political capital, these disadvantages explain little of the observed gender gaps in employment status and earnings. Instead, gender gaps in employment and earnings are strongly related to family status. It is only married women and mothers who face significant disadvantages. This finding is likely tied to the fact that wives and …

Alien Land Acts, Meghan Burke

Meghan A. Burke

No abstract provided.

Double Consciousness, Meghan Burke

Meghan A. Burke

No abstract provided.

Vincent Chin, Meghan Burke

Meghan A. Burke

No abstract provided.

What Happens When Supply Lags Behind Demand? Disadvantaged Students And The Ever Increasing Competition For University Places, Daniel Edwards

Dr Daniel Edwards

Competition for entry to university has escalated in Australia over the past decade. This rise in competition is attributable to a number of factors, a major one being that the provision of university places has not kept pace with growth in the population of university-aged persons. Using the city of Melbourne as a case study, this article highlights the impact that rising competition for university has had on two disadvantaged groups; those from the Government school sector and those from areas of low socioeconomic status. It finds that the opportunities for university entrance among tertiary applicants in these two groups …

Social Psychological Aspects Of Communication And Aging, Marie Savundranayagam, E. Ryan

Marie Y Savundranayagam

Language plays an important role in defining identities in older adulthood. Both self-perception and others' perceptions of older adults are reflected through language used by older and younger adults (see recent texts: de Bot & Makoni, 2005; Harwood, 2007; Hummert & Nussbaum, 2001; Nussbaum & Coupland, 2004). In this review, we outline key theoretical perspectives on the study of communication with older adults and provide evidence supporting these perspectives within the context of age stereotypes, intergenerational communication, cross-cultural communication, and health care encounters. Given that communication is an interactive process, we discuss how older adults use language and communication to …

Notre Dame Mendoza Business School Presentation 2008, Karen Ahmed

Karen Hunt Ahmed

No abstract provided.

"Sources Of Uncertainty In Project Management: A ‘Real Life’ Account", Dominika Latusek

Dominika Latusek

No abstract provided.

Theoretical Predictors Of Delinquency In And Out Of School Among A Sample Of Rural Public School Youth, David May, Preston Elrod, Irina Soderstrom

Preston Elrod, Ph.D.

This paper compares predictors of in-school and out-of-school delinquency and is based on data collected from 2,011 subjects at two elementary, one middle, and one high school in a rural school district. Predictors were derived from a variety of theoretical perspectives including social organization and social control; interactionist theory; differential association and social learning; strain, culture conflict, and critical theory. In addition, several demographic variables were included in the analysis. Regression results revealed that negative peer influence, victimization experience, attachment to school, gender, general strain, alienation, and the student’s self-reported response to a weapon at school were significant predictors of …

Glass Ceiling, Medora Barnes

Medora W. Barnes

Lessons Learned From Punishment Exchange Rates: Implications For Research, Theory, And Correctional Policy, David May, Peter Wood, Amy Eades

David May

A growing number of studies have used exchange rates to examine perceptions of the punitivieness of prison when compared to alternative sanctions among prisoners, probationers, parolees, correctional professionals, and judges. Without exception, the findings from these research efforts call into question the punishment continuum that anchors probation as the least punitive sanction and prison as the most punitive. In this paper, we combine findings from these research efforts with data collected from 1271 adults to propose a revised continuum of punishment. Additionally, we provide a theoretical framework to help explain how offenders experience correctional sanctions, and offer suggestions for policy …

Rocking Out Between The Local And The Global, Carey Sargent, Wendy Hsu

Carey L Sargent

We are a funny duo in Taiwan. One of us is a 1.5-generation Taiwanese American; the other is a white New Englander, both living in the American South. In Taiwan, we straddle the three-part identity of tourist, researcher, and performer. Last year we went to Taiwan for a mini-tour playing in three major cities as two thirds of experimental music trio Pinko Communoids. This year, we returned mostly in the name of “research.” But in reality, theory and practice go hand in hand. We revisited the tracks that we trekked, reconnecting with the friends we made last year. Because of …

Claims Making, Amanda Swygart-Hobaugh

Amanda "Mandy" J. Swygart-Hobaugh

No abstract provided.

Law Prof Adds Hid Voice To Ongoing Conversation On Race, Hope Lewis

Hope Lewis

This essay reviews Richard Thompson Ford's 'The Race Card: How Bluffing About Bias Makes Race Relations Worse,' Farrar, Strauss, and Giroux, 2008, 388 pages. Stanford Law School Professor Richard Thompson Ford's 'The Race Card' seeks nothing less than to demarcate the line between legitimate charges of racism and those that are ill-defined or false. An impossibly ambitious task , to be sure, but Ford's wide-ranging, often maddening effort makes timely and important contributions to continuing debates on race in the United States.

Of course, no serious accusation - whether if be racism, intolerance, murder, rape, child abuse, sexual harassment, theft …

Taking Responsibility For Children, Samantha Brennan, Robert Noggle

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Introduction: Intersectional Analyses Of The Family For The 21st Century, Marla Kohlman

Marla Kohlman

No abstract provided.

Laboring To Learn: Women's Literacy And Poverty In The Post-Welfare Era., Lorna Rivera

Lorna Rivera

The American adult education system has become an alternative for school dropouts, with some state welfare policies requiring teen mothers and women without high school diplomas to participate in adult education programs to receive aid. Currently, low-income women of color are more likely to be enrolled in the lowest levels of adult basic education. Very little has been published about women's experiences in these mandatory programs and whether the programs reproduce the conditions that forced women to drop out in the first place.

Lorna Rivera bridges the gap with this important study, the product of ten years' active ethnographic research …

Social Movements In Organizations, Mikaila Arthur

Mikaila Mariel Lemonik Arthur

This article reviews the literature on social movements within organizations such as colleges and universities, corporations, religious orders, and governmental agencies. It brings together work from disparate fields to advance an understanding of how movements happen within organizations to introduce students and scholars to the promise of such research. A guide to teaching and learning with this article is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00165.x/abstract

Out-Of-Body Image, Caroline Heldman

Caroline Heldman

On a typical day, you might see ads featuring a naked woman's body tempting viewers to buy an electronic organizer, partially exposed women's breasts being used to sell fishing line, or a woman's rear-wearing only a thong-being used to pitch a new running shoe. [...] Dove beauty products launched a much-lauded advertising campaign that used "real women" (i.e., not super-skinny ones) instead of models, but then Dove's parent company, Unilever, put out hypersexual ads for Axe men's body spray that showed the fragrance driving scantily clad women into orgiastic states.

Public Policy And The Effect Of Sibship Size On Educational Achievement: A Comparative Study Of 20 Countries, Hyunjoon Park

Hyunjoon Park

Using international data on educational achievement among 15-year-olds in 20 OECD countries, I compare the effect of sibship size on reading literacy and link the cross-national variation in the sibship-size effect to differences in national contexts of public policies for families and children. Comparisons highlight significant cross-national variation in the level of public policies, even among countries ordinarily thought to belong to the same welfare regime. Deviating from previous literature that focused on overall differences across welfare regimes, I explore the way in which specific public policy variables, rather than categorical regimes, mediate the relationship between sibship size and educational …

On The Make: The Hustle Of Urban Nightlife, David Grazian

David Grazian

No abstract provided.

The Varied Educational Effects Of Parent-Child Communication: A Comparative Study Of Fourteen Countries, Hyunjoon Park

Hyunjoon Park

No abstract provided.

Kicking The Habitus:Power, Culture And Pedagogy In The Secondary School Music Curriculum, Ruth Wright

Ruth Wright Dr

Within a theoretical framework drawn from sociologists of education Bourdieu and Bernstein, this paper will examine some of the findings of an ethnographic case study conducted with a secondary school music teacher and one class of her pupils in Wales. This teacher attracted 25% of Year 10 (14-year-old) pupils to study music as an optional subject against a national background of 8% average. The study attempted to examine the lived experiences of the participants in music at home and school. Teacher and pupils had much to say about music teaching and learning in the classroom and beyond. Much of the …

"Sources Of Uncertainty In Project Management: A ‘Real Life’ Account", Dominika Latusek, Dariusz Jamielniak

Dominika Latusek

No abstract provided.