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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Mental health literacy (4)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 45
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Caught Off Guard: The Fascinating Power Of Surprise In Capturing Covert And Overt Attention, Shahd Abu-Jazar
Caught Off Guard: The Fascinating Power Of Surprise In Capturing Covert And Overt Attention, Shahd Abu-Jazar
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
Attention is a critical mental process that allows individuals to focus on pertinent information and filter out distractors. This study's primary goal was to examine how surprise draws attention, which is significant as it may have an impact on memory and learning. This study examines the influence of surprise on attentional capture, both overt and covert, across different levels of outcome predictability in everyday situations using repeated measures ANOVAs. Building on the concept that unexpected events can trigger heightened alertness and memory encoding, we hypothesized that scenarios with less-known outcomes would elicit a stronger attentional response compared to known and …
Retrospective Pre-Post Evaluation Of A Healthy Relationships And Mental Health Promotion Program For 2s/Lgbtqia+ Youth, Nikita Kalwani
Retrospective Pre-Post Evaluation Of A Healthy Relationships And Mental Health Promotion Program For 2s/Lgbtqia+ Youth, Nikita Kalwani
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Research has found that 2S/LGBTQIA+ youth experience disproportionately high mental health concerns and barriers to accessing support. Protective factors such as school-based support, peer support, and mental health interventions have been found to buffer this risk. The Healthy Relationships Program (HRP) for 2S/LGBTQIA+ Youth is a positive mental health promotion program that aims to build resiliency, bolster healthy relationship skills, and promote well-being among 2S/LGBTQIA+ youth. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes, effectiveness, and feasibility of implementing this program within Gender and Sexuality/Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs) in secondary schools. Data from students (N = 17) and GSA advisors who …
Fostering Friendship And Acceptance In An Inclusive Summer Day Camp, Emily Villani
Fostering Friendship And Acceptance In An Inclusive Summer Day Camp, Emily Villani
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Historically, individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) have faced barriers to social inclusion and forming friendships - essential life factors. Research has indicated the importance of reducing social barriers to inclusion and highlights the benefits of improving social skills and fostering positive attitudes about IDDs for facilitating friendship formation and inclusion. With the goal of fostering friendships, the S3 summer camp offered 22 youth (aged 9-14) with and without IDDs accessible and inclusive STEM education and a one-week social skills training package which included disability awareness lessons. Analysis examined the effects of this training package on participants’ friendship …
A Scoping Review Examining Treatment Components Of Classroom And Small Group School-Based Anxiety And Test Anxiety Interventions, Lindsay B. Pittman
A Scoping Review Examining Treatment Components Of Classroom And Small Group School-Based Anxiety And Test Anxiety Interventions, Lindsay B. Pittman
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The purpose of the present scoping review was to provide a summary of (a) treatment components included in classroom and small group school-based interventions targeting anxiety or test anxiety, and (b) the frequency in which feasibility is considered within these evaluations, based on the framework proposed by Gadke and colleagues (2021). 105 articles were included in the analysis with 80 studies examining school-based anxiety interventions and 25 articles focusing on test anxiety. While cognitive behavioural therapy was the most common type of intervention, a variety of intervention types and treatment components emerged in the analysis. Furthermore, the social validity/acceptability feasibility …
Undressing Consent –Preliminary Evaluation Of A Campus Sexual Violence Prevention Program, Angelina M. Cleroux
Undressing Consent –Preliminary Evaluation Of A Campus Sexual Violence Prevention Program, Angelina M. Cleroux
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The current study is a preliminary evaluation of the impact of the Undressing Consent post-secondary sexual violence prevention program on student attitudes and beliefs related to consent, understanding of desires and boundaries, societal gendered sexual scripts, and responding to rejection. A primary goal of the study was to create a reliable measure to be used for future evaluation of changes in student attitudes and beliefs related to core program content. In addition, we evaluated student responses to our newly created scales before and after participation in the intervention and between gendered groups. A total sample of 570 students (women and …
Professionals' Application Of Intersectionality With Marginalized Youth: Considerations For Teen Dating Violence Prevention Programming And Beyond, Bradley Kyle Daly
Professionals' Application Of Intersectionality With Marginalized Youth: Considerations For Teen Dating Violence Prevention Programming And Beyond, Bradley Kyle Daly
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Marginalized youth disproportionality experience adverse outcomes such as increased rates of mental health issues and teen dating violence. Addressing their compounding concerns requires an approach that considers their interlocking marginalized identities and the oppressive systems impacting them. Intersectionality incorporates both elements, yet the literature on how frontline practitioners understand and apply this complex theory within their practice remains sparse. This integrated-article dissertation explored how professionals working with marginalized youth within various settings, including teen dating violence prevention contexts, understood and applied intersectionality. The first paper (chapter two) used group concept mapping to explore how 12 professionals applied intersectionality. Results yielded …
Identifying Cognitive Profiles In Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders Using Online Cognitive Testing, Abagail Hennessy
Identifying Cognitive Profiles In Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders Using Online Cognitive Testing, Abagail Hennessy
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), are characterized by diverse cognitive deficits. Early identification of cognitive deficits is fundamental to improving academic and emotional/behavioural outcomes in children. Creyos has pioneered online cognitive testing which assesses working memory, attention, reasoning and verbal abilities. We developed audiovisual instructions for the task battery and implemented them in an online sample of children ages 4-16 with ADHD (n = 83), ASD (n = 37), and typically developing children (TD) (n = 86), to determine whether unique cognitive profiles would emerge. Four tasks reflective of working memory, …
Using Virtual And Augmented Reality To Teach Children On The Autism Spectrum With Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review, Emily M. Erb
Using Virtual And Augmented Reality To Teach Children On The Autism Spectrum With Intellectual Disabilities: A Scoping Review, Emily M. Erb
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
In recent years, both Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technology have shown great promise for the instruction of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by simulating real-world experiences in a safe and controlled environment. However, there are many reports of the failure of such research to include individuals with both ASD and Intellectual Disability (ID). The present scoping review consists of 20 studies which utilized VR/AR to teach various skills to children and youth with comorbid ASD and ID. Findings show that within the small number of eligible studies, a great deal of variation exists in essentially every …
The Impact Of Sleep On Academic Burnout With The Effects Of Perceived Stress And General Well-Being, Julia D. Davidson
The Impact Of Sleep On Academic Burnout With The Effects Of Perceived Stress And General Well-Being, Julia D. Davidson
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
This study investigated the correlation between sleep deprivation, sleep quality, perceived stress, and general well-being and whether they were risk or protective factors for academic burnout. The sample consisted of 61 female undergraduate students at Brescia University College and participants completed an online questionnaire. A correlational analysis and multiple regression model revealed a significant positive correlation with the three studied factors namely sleep deprivation, sleep quality, and perceived stress with academic burnout. However, general well-being was not significantly correlated. The model that best predicted burnout scores included the variables of sleep deprivation, sleep quality, and perceived stress. Together, these findings …
Beginning Teachers’ Development Of Inclusive Practices: A Longitudinal Multiple-Case Study Approach, Tsz-Wing Zita Lau
Beginning Teachers’ Development Of Inclusive Practices: A Longitudinal Multiple-Case Study Approach, Tsz-Wing Zita Lau
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Classroom teachers are expected to have the competencies to teach in inclusive classrooms, with the goal of providing diverse learners the support and opportunities they deserve to learn at their best. However, teachers worldwide have reported their teacher education program was inadequate in preparing them to teach in inclusive classrooms. To address this, Sharma (2018) proposed the 3H framework – the three apprenticeships that preservice teachers should be prepared with to become effective inclusive educators: the heart (attitudes and beliefs of inclusive teachers), the head (knowledge and self-efficacy to teach diverse learners), and the hands (inclusive instructional practices). The goal …
Making Mindfulness Matter With Arabic Speaking Families: A Process Evaluation Study, Amal M. Baobaid
Making Mindfulness Matter With Arabic Speaking Families: A Process Evaluation Study, Amal M. Baobaid
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Arabic-speaking refugees experience a significant amount of trauma in their pre-and post-migration journey in Canada, which can negatively impact their well-being. Mindfulness programs have demonstrated wide-ranging benefits for children and youth, but there is a gap in the literature on providing culturally based mindfulness programs to refugee families. The present study conducted a process evaluation for the culturally adapted version of the Making Mindfulness Matter (M3) program (an 8-week concurrent parent and children mindfulness intervention), to assess program successes and challenges with families. Three groups were run, and a total of nine families recruited from the Muslim Resources Centre for …
Early Gaze Behaviours In Infants At High Familial Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Brain Development, Julia Teixeira Pinto Montenegro
Early Gaze Behaviours In Infants At High Familial Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Brain Development, Julia Teixeira Pinto Montenegro
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) show impairments in gaze-following and will seldom engage in joint attention (JA). The ability to initiate JA (IJA) can be more impaired than the ability to respond to JA (RJA). In a longitudinal study, 101 high-risk infants for ASD (62% males) completed MRI scans at 4 or 6 months of age. Subcortical volumes (thalamus, basal ganglia, hippocampus, amygdala) were extracted. Gaze and JA behaviours were assessed with standardized measures. The majority of infants were IJA non-responders (n=93, 92%), and over half were RJA non-responders (n=50, 52%). In the non-responder groups, models testing the …
Bridging The Gap: Building More Collaborative Psychoeducational Assessment Practices, Sarah E. Babcock
Bridging The Gap: Building More Collaborative Psychoeducational Assessment Practices, Sarah E. Babcock
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The identification process of learning challenges in children is diverse and multifaceted, but typically involves standardized assessment with a psychologist. And while cognitive ability assessment is an integral and informative part of the process, one major concern is that the integration of teacher and parent observations into Canadian psychoeducational evaluation process has, thus far, not been a key source of information guiding diagnosis and intervention. Another concern is that formalized assessments often have long wait times, which delays support to the child. Therefore, evidence-based measures are needed to integrate teacher and parent observations and streamline the assessment process. The purpose …
Evidence-Based Programming For Vulnerable Youth: Successes And Challenges Of Implementing Healthy Relationships Programs In Diverse Settings, Rachelle M. Graham
Evidence-Based Programming For Vulnerable Youth: Successes And Challenges Of Implementing Healthy Relationships Programs In Diverse Settings, Rachelle M. Graham
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
In recent years a variety of evidence-based programs have been developed to promote mental health and reduce violence among youth, including those considered to be the most at risk. However, simply providing evidence-based programming to settings that serve vulnerable youth does not ensure the efficacy of these programs because of the unique contextual factors, strengths, and needs of those youth and settings. There is often a disparity between the efficacy of a program identified in a research context and the effectiveness of a program in its application in real world settings. The purpose of this study was to explore this …
Students Adrift: An Examination Of School Disengagement Among Clinically Referred Children And Youth, Janell A. Klassen
Students Adrift: An Examination Of School Disengagement Among Clinically Referred Children And Youth, Janell A. Klassen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
School disengagement is a significant problem experienced by many students and may be an indicator of or resultant from underlying difficulties. Indeed, the first onset of mental health difficulties typically occurs during childhood and adolescence. Utilizing large clinically referred samples of elementary and secondary school students at intake into community and inpatient mental health service agencies across the Province of Ontario, Canada, school disengagement was explored as associated with physical and mental health as well as peer and familial relationships, other and self-directed harm, and service intensity need. Age and sex differences were explored across studies to inform the development …
Exploring Teachers’ Perspectives On Child Anxiety: Opportunities To Promote Anxiety Management Skills In The Classroom, Sydney Coleman
Exploring Teachers’ Perspectives On Child Anxiety: Opportunities To Promote Anxiety Management Skills In The Classroom, Sydney Coleman
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The purpose of the current study was to examine how teachers identify and provide supports for students with anxiety as well as their perspectives on implementing strategies informed from cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in the classroom. Data was collected from 11 classroom teachers in London, Ontario through virtual focus group sessions and an online demographic questionnaire. Thematic analysis revealed three key themes: opportunities to implement CBT-informed strategies, barriers to implementing CBT-informed strategies, and current knowledge and resources. The findings revealed that teachers perceived that they are facing increased demands to support the mental health needs of students without appropriate resources …
Early Adversity And Positive Parenting: Predicting Executive Functioning In Children With Asd, Elizabeth A. Kuenzel
Early Adversity And Positive Parenting: Predicting Executive Functioning In Children With Asd, Elizabeth A. Kuenzel
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are statistically more likely to experience early adversity; however, little is known about which types of adversity are most prevalent, the role of parenting as a protective factor, and how this early life stress impacts cognitive outcomes. We assessed adversity and parenting styles in 238 children (ASD=82) aged 6–16 years using parent report. Intellectual abilities were assessed using the WISC-V. Children with ASD had increased incidence of familial stressors compared to Typically Developing (TD) children. Positive parenting was associated with significant decreases in familial adversity for all children. Environmental stressors were associated with cognitive …
Exploring Effectiveness Of Implementation Of The Mindup Program Through Implementor Perspectives, Maria Jelic
Exploring Effectiveness Of Implementation Of The Mindup Program Through Implementor Perspectives, Maria Jelic
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Developing feasible universal school-based programs that help children develop social and emotional competencies is crucial for the development of improved mental health in children, especially those who have been exposed to trauma. Educators need to be motivated to implement such programs with high quality so that intended outcomes are more likely to occur, but a variety of both internal and external factors can affect implementation. The present study explores these factors by inviting the perceptions of implementers and support staff who were involved in an SEL program called MindUP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight participants, the interviews were transcribed …
Exploring Learner And Classroom Characteristics In The Online Classroom During Covid-19, Emily S. Sluys
Exploring Learner And Classroom Characteristics In The Online Classroom During Covid-19, Emily S. Sluys
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
Given the novel learning context induced by COVID-19, the current study sought to characterize Brescia students’ reactions to forced online learning for mandatory courses. Importantly, this study aimed to address gaps in existing literature by combining more commonly studied reactions; Learned Helplessness and Mastery Orientation, and a less commonly studied reaction, Psychological Reactance and examine their relationship between multiple indicators of academic success including perceived learning, course satisfaction, and final course grade. Female students in second year mandatory psychology and sociology courses participated in the study by completing two online surveys administered via Qualtrics. The Early Course Survey measured demographics, …
The Impact Of Personality Characteristics On Online Academic Experience And Performance, Arian M. Shiell
The Impact Of Personality Characteristics On Online Academic Experience And Performance, Arian M. Shiell
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
The literature has demonstrated clear relationships between personality traits, locus of control, academic self-efficacy, and academic achievement. However, past research has seldom investigated personality characteristics and subjective measures of academic success. The current study investigated how personality impacted the academic experience and grades of university students using an online self-report questionnaire. All measures of personality traits, academic self-efficacy, and locus of control were correlated with measures of a successful online academic experience. Academic self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of life satisfaction, effort regulation, and course value/enjoyment, while locus of control was the single predictor of perceived control over learning. …
Children’S Perspectives On The Social Exclusion Of Peers With Behavioural Difficulties, Kayla Edwards
Children’S Perspectives On The Social Exclusion Of Peers With Behavioural Difficulties, Kayla Edwards
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Children who display externalizing behaviours are more likely than their peers to experience social exclusion. To better examine this topic, the perspectives of peers were investigated. Thirty-six participants were interviewed from a school in Southwestern Ontario. Participants were asked why they believe children with behavioural difficulties may be socially excluded by peers. Unique statements were extracted from the transcribed data. Participants were invited back to sort the statements into meaningful categories. Sorted data were analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling and cluster analysis. A five-cluster solution was selected as the best conceptual and statistical fit for the data. The clusters in this …
Standing On The Forefront Of School Mental Health: Building Upon Capacity In Teacher Candidates Through Mental Health Literacy And Trauma-And-Violence-Informed-Care, Richelle L. Bird
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Early identification and access to appropriate supports can improve the trajectory of childhood mental illnesses. Schools and educators have consistently been identified as having a significant role in both mental health promotion efforts as well as the identification of emerging mental health concerns amongst students. Equipping teachers for this role through professional development related to mental health literacy (MHL) is essential in ensuring their success. Closely tied to mental health is a sense of safety, and children who feel unsafe at school may have greater difficulty regulating their emotions and behaviour and be less available for learning. Utilizing a trauma-and-violence-informed-care …
Trauma And Violence-Informed Care: Evaluating The Impact On Teacher Candidate Attitudes And Intended Responses Towards Problem Behaviour Of Students Affected By Trauma, Michelle M. Philippe
Trauma And Violence-Informed Care: Evaluating The Impact On Teacher Candidate Attitudes And Intended Responses Towards Problem Behaviour Of Students Affected By Trauma, Michelle M. Philippe
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Teachers have an important role in their student’s lives (Brunzell, Waters, & Stokes, 2015). It is important that pre-service teachers are provided with knowledge and skills to best support students that may be affected by trauma or systemic inequity, and to consider problem behaviour through an informed lens. Trauma and violence-informed care (TVIC) teaching practices are universally beneficial and necessary for students healing with the after effects of trauma and structural violence. In this program evaluation, 318 teacher candidates completed an online mental health literacy course including TVIC knowledge and skills. Participants’ attitudes related to trauma and their intended behavioural …
Construction And Preliminary Validation Of The Interrai 0-3 Developmental Domains, Jo Ann M. Iantosca
Construction And Preliminary Validation Of The Interrai 0-3 Developmental Domains, Jo Ann M. Iantosca
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Background. With no standardized approach for early assessment of childhood development in Canada, and with a lack of a comprehensive assessment-to-intervention system that amalgamates social, psychiatric, medical, functional, psychological, and environmental constructs, the interRAI 0-3 was developed to support intervention efforts based on the needs of young children and their families. The interRAI 0-3 includes over 650 items that seek clinical information, developmental milestones, and context items regarding the family and social relationships surrounding the child. The newly developed interRAI 0-3 was most recently evaluated to examine the reliability and validity of the Expressive and Receptive Language and the Gross …
Mental Health Literacy And Initial Teacher Education: A Program Evaluation, Jasprit K. Pandori-Chuckal
Mental Health Literacy And Initial Teacher Education: A Program Evaluation, Jasprit K. Pandori-Chuckal
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Utilizing a program evaluation framework, this study explored the effectiveness of a 10-week, mandatory, online mental health literacy course for 275 teacher candidates in a large central Canadian faculty of education. Shifts in teacher candidates’ mental health literacy (using the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire; Rodger Johnson, & Weston, 2017), attitudes toward mental health (Opening Minds Scale; Modgill, Patten, Knaak, & Szeto, 2014), and two types of coping skills, seeking social support and self-control (Ways of Coping Scale; Folkman & Lazarus, 1985), were examined. The findings indicated that the course demonstrated efficacy in positively shifting teaching candidates’ mental health knowledge, stigma …
A Developmental And Symptom-Level Approach To Comorbid Mental Health Disorders In Children, Elizabeth Thornley
A Developmental And Symptom-Level Approach To Comorbid Mental Health Disorders In Children, Elizabeth Thornley
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This dissertation addresses current issues in the conceptualization and classification of childhood mental health issues (e.g., impact of sex/age on symptoms, comorbidity, limits of traditional models). In contrast to traditional models, the importance and value of utilizing individual symptoms as primary variables of interest is presented. This first study consisted of 9565 participants (M = 12.06, SD = 3.57, 58% males). Results for youth with no history of trauma indicated sex differences in symptom expression consistent with what has been previously shown in the literature; however, a complex presentation of attention-related symptoms was identified for females. Similar sex differences …
Promoting Mentally Healthy Classrooms: Evaluation Of Online Mental Health Literacy Instruction In Pre-Service Teacher Education, E. Robyn Masters
Promoting Mentally Healthy Classrooms: Evaluation Of Online Mental Health Literacy Instruction In Pre-Service Teacher Education, E. Robyn Masters
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
To better understand how to prepare large numbers of pre-service teachers for their role in creating and leading mentally healthy classrooms, this program evaluation explores outcomes related to an online mental health literacy course at a large central Canadian university. The course was delivered to 275 teacher education students simultaneously over 10-weeks and 20-hours of online instruction and professional reflection. Results indicated significant improvement in self-reported levels of mental health literacy, stigma toward mental illness, and self-efficacy for teaching students with diverse challenges. Qualitative reviews of participant feedback identified the most valuable aspects of the course and the ways in …
Adolescents’ Perceptions And Responses To Peer Mental Health Challenges And Problematic Behaviours Following A Social-Emotional Learning Program, Jessica Sommers
Adolescents’ Perceptions And Responses To Peer Mental Health Challenges And Problematic Behaviours Following A Social-Emotional Learning Program, Jessica Sommers
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Vulnerable youth may be more susceptible to developing problematic behaviours and mental health challenges, including anxious and depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, substance misuse, and unhealthy relationships. Social-emotional learning programs like The Healthy Relationships Plus Program (HRPP) can foster positive youth development by including training on mental health literacy, developing skills in help-seeking, and providing opportunities to practice difficult conversations. This study explored youth’s responses to hypothetical challenges faced by peers with a group of sixty-three adolescents who had participated in the HRPP. Responses to four distinct scenarios were collected to examine youths’ perceptions of various challenges and problematic behaviours, including …
Reflections Of Mentoring For Indigenous Youth In The Fourth R, Elisa Trovarello
Reflections Of Mentoring For Indigenous Youth In The Fourth R, Elisa Trovarello
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the reflections of peer mentors and mentees over time who have participated in the Fourth R: Uniting Our Nations Peer Mentoring Program. Data was collected from five youth mentors, four of whom also participated as mentees, via interviews utilizing a narrative based methodology in which story-telling and meaning-making was encouraged through the interview guide and procedure. Thematic content analysis of the data was conducted manually and revealed five key themes: 1) Cultural Connection, increases in 2) Intrapersonal Skills, 3) Interpersonal skills, 4) Social support, and 5) Education and Career Benefits. The …
Perfectionism And Burnout In University Students: The Influence Of Resilience, Laura M. Ulrich
Perfectionism And Burnout In University Students: The Influence Of Resilience, Laura M. Ulrich
Brescia Psychology Undergraduate Honours Theses
This study investigated the relationship between perfectionism, resilience, and risk of burnout among university students. The sample consisted of 55 (53 female and two male) Psychology 1000 students from Brescia University College. Self-report questionnaires assessed perfectionism, academic resilience, risk of academic burnout, and perceived stress. Participants were divided into four perfectionism groups: non-perfectionism, pure personal standards perfectionism, pure evaluative concerns perfectionism, and mixed perfectionism. Participants were also divided into a high and low academic resilience group. Individuals with pure personal standards perfectionism had a significantly lower risk of academic burnout compared to those with non-perfectionism, pure evaluative concerns perfectionism, and …