Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Are We Practicing What We Preach? Towards Greater Transborder Inclusivity In Information Science Systematic Reviews, Stephanie Krueger, Rebecca D. Frank

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Abstract. Inclusiveness has been investigated in different ways by Information Science (InfoSci) researchers, often as a line of social justice inquiry. Systematic reviews (SRs), which bridge the gap between research and practice, are a key example of research impacted by inclusiveness. “Transborder” inclusiveness—the ability of researchers from different institutions, regions, and countries to ac-cess information, and the inclusion of information from researchers in regions and countries where English is not an official language in major collections of InfoSci research—influences how researchers perform SRs. Although this topic has been identified in other disciplines involved in Evidence Based Practice (EBP) such as …

Continued Use Of Retracted Publications: Implications For Information Systems And Scientific Publishing, Peiling Wang, Luke Baker Mccullough, Jing Su

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Reports on the preliminary results of an empirical study of post-retraction citations of biomedical research literature. Retractions of biomedical publications have a serious impact on research enterprise and public health. Retractions to correct literature and alert readers are actions by the journals based on evidence of serious flaws or errors or upon the request of the authors. The process of retraction could take a few weeks or years after publication. The purpose of this study is to investigate how retracted peer-reviewed journal articles were cited post-retraction. Post-retraction citing articles are those published two years after the retraction year. The dataset …

Changes In Scholarly Reading In Finland Over A Decade: Influences Of E-Journals And Social Media, Elina Late, Carol Tenopir, Sanna Talja, Lisa Christian

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Nationwide surveys of researchers in Finland in 2007 and 2016 distributed with the assistance of FinELib, the Finnish national consortium, show that researchers use a growing range of sources to find and access scholarly articles and that some reading patterns are changing. The percentage of articles found by searching and browsing are decreasing, while researchers are using more social ways to locate articles. Research social networking sites are rated as important to their work. They read more onscreen, although still print some material out for final reading. Reading patterns for books are different, as researchers still rely more on printed …

Open Peer Review: The Current Landscape And Emerging Models, Dietmar Wolfram, Peiling Wang, Hyoungjoo Park

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Open peer review (OPR) is an important innovation in the open science movement. OPR can play a significant role in advancing scientific communication by increasing its transparency. Despite the growing interest in OPR, adoption of this innovation since the turn of the century has been slow. This study provides the first comprehensive investigation of OPR adoption, its early adopters and the implementation models used. We identified 174 current OPR journals and analysed their wide-ranging implementations to derive emerging OPR models. The findings suggest that: 1) there has been a steady growth in OPR adoption since 2001 when 38 journals initially …

New Web Services That Help Authors Choose Journals, Amy Louise Forrester, Bo-Christer Björk, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

The motivations for an author to choose a journal to submit to are complex and include factors relating to impact and prestige, service quality, and publication costs and policies. Authors require information about multiple characteristics of journals that may be difficult to obtain. This article compares and contrasts the new author-oriented journal comparison tools and services that have emerged to assist researchers in this important step of the scholarly publishing process. Many of these tools combine factors to provide full web-based manuscript submission decision tools, however all have limitations that reduce their usefulness.

Survey Of Scholarly Reading (Finland), Carol Tenopir, Lisa Christian, Elina Late

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

An survey of academics and phd students in Finland asked respondents a series of questions based on their scholarly reading behavior. For example, how they accessed scholarly publications and where the obtained them, reading format, and numbers of publications read per month. Respondents were also asked about their social media habits.

Open Peer Review: An Innovation In Scientific Publishing, Peiling Wang, Manasa Rath, Michael Deike, Wu Qiang

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This research observes the emerging open peer review journals. In scientific publishing, transparency in peer review is a growing topic of interest for online journals. The traditional blind refereeing process has been criticized for lacking transparency. Although the idea of open peer review (OPR) has been explored since 1980s, it is only in this decade that OPR journals are born. Towards a more open publishing model, the peer review process--once accessible only to the editors and referees—is now available to public. The published article and its review history are being integrated into one entity; readers can submit or post comments …

Open Peer Review In Scientific Publishing: A Web Mining Study Of Peerj Authors And Reviewers, Peiling Wang, Sukjin You, Manasa Rath, Dietmar Wolfram

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Purpose: To understand how authors and reviewers are accepting and embracing Open Peer Review (OPR), one of the newest innovations in the open science movement.

Design: This research collected and analyzed data from the Open Access journal PeerJ over its first three years (2013-2016). Web data were scraped, cleaned, and structured using several Web tools and programs. The structured data were imported into a relational database. Data analyses were conducted using analytical tools as well as programs developed by the researchers.

Findings: PeerJ, which supports optional OPR, has a broad international representation of authors and referees. Approximately 73.89% …

Pay It Forward: Investigating A Sustainable Model Of Open Access Article Processing Charges For Large North American Research Institutions Survey Instrument, Carol Tenopir, Betsy D. Dalton, Misty K. Jones

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

A survey of faculty, graduate students, and postdoctoral researchers at four large North American research universities (n = 2021) asked respondents to rate how eight different journal factors and five different audiences influence their choice of publication output.

Beyond Downloads: Digital Usage Of Scholarly Articles Survey Instrument, Carol Tenopir, Suzie Allard, Lisa Christian

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

An international survey of academics and scholars from 69 countries (n=1000) asked respondents a series of questions based on their download, saving, and sharing of scholarly articles.

Scholarly Article Seeking, Reading, And Use: A Continuing Evolution From Print To Electronic In The Sciences And Social Sciences, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King, Lisa Christian, Rachel E. Volentine

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Electronic journals are now the norm for accessing and reading scholarly articles. This article examines scholarly article reading patterns by faculty in five US universities in 2012. Selected findings are also compared to some general trends from studies conducted periodically since 1977. In the 2012 survey, over threequarters (76%) of the scholarly readings were obtained through electronic means and just over half (51%) of readings were read on a screen rather than from a print source or being printed out. Readings from library sources are overwhelmingly from e-sources. The average number of articles read per month was 20.66, with most …

To Boldly Go Beyond Downloads: How Are Journal Articles Shared And Used?, Carol Tenopir, Gabriel Hughes, Christian Lisa, Suzie Allard, David Nicholas, Anthony Watkinson, Hazel Woodward, Peter Shepherd, Robert Anderson

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

With more scholarly journals being distributed electronically rather than in print form, we know that researchers download many articles. What is less well known is how journal articles are used after they are initially downloaded. To what extent are they saved, uploaded, tweeted, or otherwise shared? How does this reuse increase their total use and value to research and how does it influence library usage figures? University of Tennessee Chancellor’s Professor Carol Tenopir, Professor Suzie Allard, and Adjunct Professor David Nicholas are leading a team of international researchers on a the project, “Beyond Downloads,” funded by a grant from Elsevier. …

Feast And Famine: More And Better Choices, But Belt-Tightening Forces Libraries To Cut Subscriptions, Carol Tenopir, Gayle Baker, Jill E. Grogg

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

With fancy new software developments and growth in both the richness of content and delivery options for information resources, the Database Marketplace 2010 is a feast for buyers. Unfortunately, institutional budget cuts may force more of a famine mentality--with belt-tightening for most, and only purchases that are life-sustaining being served in many libraries.

Measuring The Value Of The Academic Library: Return On Investment And Other Value Measures, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Return on investment (ROI) is one method of measuring the value of a library's e-journal collection. In an international study designed to test an ROI formula developed as a case study at the University of Illinois, ROI of the value of e-journals to grants income was found to vary depending on the mission and subject emphasis of the institution. Faculty members report that e-journals have transformed the way they do research, including making them more productive and competitive. Future studies will examine ROI beyond grants income and beyond the value of e-journal collections.

Cross Country Comparison Of Scholarly E-Reading Patterns In Australia, Finland, And The United States, Carol Tenopir, Concepción S. Wilson, Pertti Vakkari, Sanna Talja, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Surveys of academic staff in Australia, Finland, and the United States from 2004-2007 reveal reading patterns of e-articles by academics that can be used to measure the purpose and value of e-reading and to demonstrate the value of library-provided electronic journal collections. Results can also be used to compare differences across subject discipline, age, and national boundaries, and how the decisions that libraries make influence reading patterns. The surveys used a variation of the critical incident technique to focus on the last e-article read, whether from the library collection or from elsewhere. Readings from e-journals and articles provided by libraries …

The Growth Of Journals Publishing, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

For the last 60 years, scholarly journals have witnessed unprecedented growth, controversy and change. Since the late 1940s, the number of scholarly journals has increased sharply, with hundreds of new titles and new topics being introduced each decade. Beginning in the late 1960s and especially since the 1990s, the form of journals has been transformed into digital versions that speed both access and delivery of articles to readers and provide enhanced functionality. E-journals are now more popular with libraries and readers than their print counterparts, although both forms continue to coexist for a majority of titles. This combination of more …

Electronic Journals And Changes In Scholarly Article Seeking And Reading Patterns, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

A recent article by James Evans in Science (Evans 2008) is being widely discussed in the science and publishing communities. Evans' in-depth research on citations in over 34 million articles and how online availability affects citing patterns, found that the more issues of a journal that are available online, the fewer numbers of articles in that journal are cited. If the journal is available for free online, it is cited even less. Evans attributes this phenomenon to more searching and less browsing (which he feels eliminates marginally relevant articles that may have been found by browsing) and the ability …

Are Electronic Journals Good For Science?, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Most people accept the notion that e-journals, through library subscriptions or open access, are good for science. They save readers time in tracking down articles and help them identify relevant materials from a wide range of journal titles. However, the academic world was buzzing recently over a study that challenged this notion.

Keeping Up With Expectations, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

USER EXPECTATIONS ARE CHANGING, mainly owing to the web, search engines, and advances in communications technology. Libraries and information industry providers are taking steps, both large and small, to keep pace.

Online Scholarly Journals: How Many?, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

IT SHOULD BE EASY to determine the exact number of scholarly journals that are available online. Surprisingly, it is a challenge. Even how many scholarly journals are published in print isn't easy to calculate. Coming up with these numbers is a tale that information specialists will appreciate.

Electronic Journals, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Scholarly journals, which include substantive research articles and other materials,including letters to the editor,book reviews,and announcements of meetings, trace their origins back to 1665,with Les Journal des Scavans (trans.,“Journal of the experts”) in Paris and Proceedings of the Royal Society of London in London. These journals developed to share scientific discoveries among interested parties and to establish who was first to have made a given discovery or to have advanced a given theory.

Peer review is an important part of publication in scholarly journals. It is a system whereby scholars who are experts in the same field as the author …

Online Issues Are Global, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

THE INFORMATION INDUSTRY is international. With major English-language online publishers based in the Netherlands, Germany, and Canada (not to mention Alabama and New York), the information you lease may be generated and designed anywhere in the world. Likewise, the issues and challenges facing libraries as they move to large-scale digital collections are global in nature.

Conferences about digital libraries are also international; in September I attended "Digilib: Towards a User-Centered Approach to Digital Libraries" in Finland. Two hundred attendees from over 20 countries discussed how to gather user information for the purpose of designing more useful digital libraries. Sessions were …

The Art Of Conjuring E-Content: Content Disappears, Companies Solidify Their Primary Businesses, Technology Connects And Expands Databases. (Database Marketplace 2003), Carol Tenopir, Gayle Baker, William Robinson

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

ANY MAGICIAN WOULD be proud of the database industry. Disappearing acts, metamorphoses, and even a bit of pure trickery characterized this "magical" year. The dirtiest trick award goes to the divine/RoweCom/Faxon debacle. This show unfolded over several months and continues, as both RoweCom and parent company divine have filed for bankruptcy. EBSCO having recently acquired what's left of RoweCom's subscription businesses worldwide and is working with publishers to strike a deal that will help libraries pull their undelivered serials out of the bankruptcy hat. But divine is also the parent company of NorthernLight. This highly touted web search engine …

Electronic Journal Use: A Glimpse Into The Future With Information From The Past And Present, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Online Serials Heat Up, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

SERIALS LIBRARIANSHIP is hot. It wasn't too long ago that library schools were eliminating serials management courses while libraries were merging serials departments into acquisitions and cataloging. Now, in the era of electronic journals and magazines, serials is the hottest topic in the library.

E-Journals And Print Journals: Similarities And Differences In Reader Behavior, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Research from three decades shows that scientists read widely from scholarly journals, with the readings per person per year increasing in the last decade. Many of these readings now come from electronic journals, e-prints, and other separate copies. A greater percentage of readings are now of new articles and readings from electronic journals are more likely to be of current articles. A majority of scientists in a discipline now use electronic journals at least part of the time, although there are considerable variation among disciplines .On the average, our studies show that between one-third and 80% of journal article readings …

Communication By Engineers: An Analysis Of The Literature Focusing On 1994 Through May 2001., Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Scientists' Use Of Journals: Differences (And Similarities) Between Print And Electronic, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King, Randy Hoffman, Elizabeth Mcsween, Christopher Ryland, Erin Smith

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Studies conducted over the last three decades demonstrate that scientists read widely from scholarly journals. Scientists use these journals primarily for research and current awareness. Reading of scholarly articles has increased to approximately 110 to 120 articles per person per year, and a growing amount of these readings come from preprints and other separate copies. Scientists are also reading a greater percentage of new articles. In fall 2000 we surveyed scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to repeat a survey conducted in 1984. The primary aim of the recent survey was to identify the impact of electronic/ digital journal alternatives …

The Use And Value Of Scholarly Journals, Carol Tenopir, Donald W. King

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This paper summarized results of 13,591 readership survey responses of scientists and reviews of hundreds of other readership studies reported in a recent book: Towards Electronic Journals: Realities for Scientists, Librarians, and Publishers (Tenopir & King, 2000). In particular, survey results reveal amounts and trends of reading and information-seeking patterns, such as how readers identify articles that are read and where they obtain them. The survey results also demonstrate the usefulness and value of scientific scholarly journals. Past results suggest that electronic journals and digital full-text databases will play a major role in the future of scientific scholarly journals …

The Cost And Price Dilemma Of Scholarly Journals, Donald W. King, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This paper examines the overall cost of the scientific scholarly journal system and find that the relative system costs have not increased since the late 1970s. Why then have journal prices skyrocketed over this same period? We first describe typical scholarly publishing costs, because to understand journal prices one must understand the factors that affect these costs. We then describe some factors that have likely contributed to spiraling price increases and changes in journal subscription demand. Finally we discuss some alternative pricing policies that might help in the future. This paper summarizes results reported in a recent book: Towards Electronic …