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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Reducing Courts’ Failure-To-Appear Rate By Written Reminders, Brian H. Bornstein, Alan J. Tomkins, Elizabeth M. Neeley, Mitchel N. Herian, Joseph A. Hamm
Reducing Courts’ Failure-To-Appear Rate By Written Reminders, Brian H. Bornstein, Alan J. Tomkins, Elizabeth M. Neeley, Mitchel N. Herian, Joseph A. Hamm
Alan Tomkins Publications
This article examines the effectiveness of using different kinds of written reminders to reduce misdemeanor defendants’ failure-to-appear (FTA) rates. A subset of defendants was surveyed after their scheduled court date to assess their perceptions of procedural justice and trust and confidence in the courts. Reminders reduced FTA overall, and more substantive reminders (e.g., with information on the negative consequences of FTA) were more effective than a simple reminder. FTA varied depending on several offense and offender characteristics, such as geographic location (urban vs. rural), type of offense, and number of offenses. The reminders were somewhat more effective for Whites and …
Public Engagement For Informing Science And Technology Policy: What Do We Know, What Do We Need To Know, And How Will We Get There?, Lisa M. Pytlik Zillig, Alan Tomkins
Public Engagement For Informing Science And Technology Policy: What Do We Know, What Do We Need To Know, And How Will We Get There?, Lisa M. Pytlik Zillig, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
This article examines social science relevant to public engagements and identifies the challenges to the goal of meaningful public input into science and technology policy. Specifically, when considering “which forms, features, and conditions of public engagement are optimal for what purposes, and why?” we find social science has not clarified matters. We offer a model to guide systematic research that defines and empirically connects variations in features and types of public engagement activities to specifically defined variations in effective processes and outcomes. The specification of models, as we have done, will guide policy makers, practitioners, and the public in determining …
Public Engagement For Informing Science And Technology Policy: What Do We Know, What Do We Need To Know, And How Will We Get There?, Lisa M. Pytlik Zillig, Alan J. Tomkins
Public Engagement For Informing Science And Technology Policy: What Do We Know, What Do We Need To Know, And How Will We Get There?, Lisa M. Pytlik Zillig, Alan J. Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
This article examines social science relevant to public engagements and identifies the challenges to the goal of meaningful public input into science and technology policy. Specifically, when considering “which forms, features, and conditions of public engagement are optimal for what purposes, and why?” we find social science has not clarified matters. We offer a model to guide systematic research that defines and empirically connects variations in features and types of public engagement activities to specifically defined variations in effective processes and outcomes. The specification of models, as we have done, will guide policy makers, practitioners, and the public in determining …
Constructs Of Justice: Beyond Civil Litigation, Alan Tomkins, Kimberly Applequist
Constructs Of Justice: Beyond Civil Litigation, Alan Tomkins, Kimberly Applequist
Alan Tomkins Publications
It is the case that civil justice problems constitute the bulk of courts’ work in both the state and federal legal systems (see, e.g., Court Statistics Project, 2006; U.S. Courts, 2007). Nevertheless, a decision rendered by a jury (or a judge) takes place in only a relatively small percentage of civil disputes. There are exponentially more civil disputes resolved outside of court than are resolved via jury verdicts (see, e.g., Galanter, 1983, 1993, 1996; Miller & Sarat, 1980–1981; Trubek, Grossman, Felstiner, Kritzer, & Sarat, 1983), a state of affairs true for the UK as well as the US (Pleasence, 2006). …
Farewell From The Editor Of Behavioral Sciences And The Law, Alan Tomkins
Farewell From The Editor Of Behavioral Sciences And The Law, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
This double issue is comprised of 12 articles on a variety of topics. The issue marks the beginning of the 20th year of Behavioral Sciences & the Law (BS&L). The journal began publication in 1983 with four themed issues, on ‘Malpractice,’ ‘Terrorism,’ ‘Post-traumatic stress disorders,’ and ‘Informed consent.’ Each of these topics is as relevant in 2002 as it was almost two decades ago. Over the 20 years, BS&L has primarily published special topic issues. Special topics have distinguished BS&L from other journals in the field. The past few years, however, we have been receiving so many high quality manuscripts …
International Perspectives On Restorative And Community Justice, Alan Tomkins, Mark A. Small
International Perspectives On Restorative And Community Justice, Alan Tomkins, Mark A. Small
Alan Tomkins Publications
Legal systems across the globe have attempted to accommodate to our new understandings of human behavior, evolving notions of fairness, and increasing recognitions by Western jurists that the law sits within, not apart from, the complexities of societies. One manifestation of legal system change has been the attempt to alter legal institutional structures and practices in order to better address the overlap of justice and social concerns, often drawing from culture contexts previously ignored by Western bureaucracies (see, e.g., Levine, 2000, discussing the Maori roots of family group conferencing practices). The interest in restorative justice and community justice is, in …
Introduction To Public Trust And Confidence In The Courts, David B. Rottman, Alan Tomkins
Introduction To Public Trust And Confidence In The Courts, David B. Rottman, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
This special issue is fortunate in its timing. The topic of public perceptions of the courts is having a rare moment in the limelight thanks to the drama of Florida’s ballots and what can count as a vote (or what opportunities there are for recounting ballots) in the U.S. Presidential election. The outcome of the political election seemed to rest on successive decisions by the judicial system: in particular, Florida’s trial and appellate courts, the federal court of appeals, and ultimately the U.S. Supreme Court. Each of these courts addressed the propriety of electoral ballot counts for Presidential candidates in …
Introduction To International Perspectives On Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Part Ii, Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Introduction To International Perspectives On Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Part Ii, Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Alan Tomkins Publications
Therapeutic jurisprudence (TJ) is flourishing. There is a proliferation of articles being published. In addition, books are being written, and in the past several years, conferences devoted to TJ have been held. (For a listing of over 300 books and articles, see http://www.law.arizona.edu/upr-intj and follow the “Cumulative Bibliography” link.) Some recent examples: Professors Bruce Winick and David Wexler, who developed the TI concept, teamed with former University of Denver Law Dean Edward Dauer (internationally known for his work in preventive law) to edit a special issue of the journal Psychology, Public Policy, and Law on “Therapeutic Jurisprudence and Preventive Law: …
Introduction To "Current Directions": Behavioral Sciences And The Law 2000, Alan Tomkins
Introduction To "Current Directions": Behavioral Sciences And The Law 2000, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
Th is is the second “Current Directions” issue published in Behavioral Sciences and the Law. Our Current Directions issues are not themed issues, but rather they are a collection of current research reports, special perspectives, and other publications. In this issue of Current Directions, there are five traditional research report/special perspective articles:
• Frederick, “Mixed Group Validation: A Method to Address the Limitations of Criterion Group Validation in Research on Malingering Detection”
• Cooper & Hall, “Reaction of Mock Jurors to Testimony of a Court Appointed Expert”
• Cascardi, Poythress, & Hall, “Procedural Justice in the Context of Civil …
From The Psychiatric Hospital To The Community: Integrating Conditional Release And Contingency Management, Eric B. Elbogen, Alan Tomkins
From The Psychiatric Hospital To The Community: Integrating Conditional Release And Contingency Management, Eric B. Elbogen, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
Psychiatric hospital recidivism has been and continues to be a persistent problem in treating individuals with chronic mental illness. Conditional release, a form of involuntary outpatient commitment, has been suggested as one possible solution. Guided by therapeutic jurisprudence, this article presents a proposal about conditional release that would maximize convergence of social values and would be empirically testable. Specifically, a scientifically validated treatment intervention for individuals with chronic mental illness, contingency management, is integrated with conditional release. From this proposal, a number of empirical hypotheses and legal questions about discharging psychiatric patients are generated and discussed.
Public Trust And Confidence In The Courts: What Public Opinion Surveys Mean To Judges, David B. Rottman, Alan Tomkins
Public Trust And Confidence In The Courts: What Public Opinion Surveys Mean To Judges, David B. Rottman, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
In August 1998 a comprehensive national survey added to the growing mass of information on how the public perceives the state courts. The “Perceptions of the U.S. Justice System,” commissioned by the American Bar Association, relied on telephone interviews of 1,000 American adults selected at random. The respondents were asked for their opinions about “the justice system,” lawyers, judges, law enforcement and the courts. The findings from the ABA survey were optimistic relative to most of the previous surveys. Public confidence in the courts relative to other major institutions seemed higher, and experience with courts appeared to promote higher rather …
Final Report: Nebraska Child Support Collection And Disbursement System Implementation Project, Alan Tomkins, Nancy C. Shank
Final Report: Nebraska Child Support Collection And Disbursement System Implementation Project, Alan Tomkins, Nancy C. Shank
Alan Tomkins Publications
In June, 1999, the University of Nebraska Public Policy Center (PPC) was asked by the Executive Board of the Nebraska Legislature to undertake a study of child support issues. Specifically, the PPC was asked to recommend how Nebraska can preserve existing strengths and reduce or eliminate weakness in its child support customer service system as the state complies with a federal mandate and develops a centralized State Disbursement Unit (SDU) for the receipting and disbursement of child support payments.
In order to learn about the strengths and weaknesses of the present customer service system in Nebraska, as well as learn …
Introduction To International Perspectives On Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Introduction To International Perspectives On Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Alan Tomkins Publications
Therapeutic Jurisprudence (TJ), a concept first conceived by law professors David Wexler (University of Puerto Rico and University of Arizona) and Bruce Winick (University of Miami) only a little more than a decade ago, has emerged as the leading conceptual perspective in the mental health law field. Indeed, a LEXIS search reveals well over 150 articles on, or citing to, therapeutic jurisprudence in American law review publications in the past decade (terms used were “therapeutic w/5 jurisprudence w/25 Wexler or Winick”).
Although initially a notion that provided an alternative to the traditional “rights” approach to thinking about mental health law …
Introduction To Families And The Courts: Special Issue Of Behavioral Sciences & The Law, Alan Tomkins, Pamela M. Casey
Introduction To Families And The Courts: Special Issue Of Behavioral Sciences & The Law, Alan Tomkins, Pamela M. Casey
Alan Tomkins Publications
This special issue of Behavioral Sciences & the Law examines some of the many issues related to “Families and the courts.” As Judge Ted Rubin (this issue) observes, “Not everything or everybody ends up in a family court—or any other court—when there is a family problem. But much does and many do.” The issue deals with some of the family matters that do—or should—implicate the legal system (ranging from the attempts of gay men and lesbians to obtain legal recognition of their parental status vis-a-vis their children to the potential role of law in protecting children from emotional maltreatment by …
Introduction To Special Issue: International Perspectives (Behavioral Sciences And The Law), Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Introduction To Special Issue: International Perspectives (Behavioral Sciences And The Law), Alan Tomkins, David Carson
Alan Tomkins Publications
There is a dearth of behavioral-sciences-and-law (bsl) scholarship that employs an international, comparative, or cross-cultural perspective. Traditionally, bsl scholarship is national in its orientation. Thus, it is quite pleasing to have assembled five articles for this “Special Issue on International Perspectives” that address bsl issues from a nontraditional perspective. The four core articles (there also is a “Special Perspective” that the Issue Editors have contributed) in the Special Issue represent the kinds of research, theorizing, and writing that can open the horizons and expand the boundaries of traditional scholarship in the bsl area.
The Need For And The Role Of Comparative And Cross-Cultural Perspectives In Behavioral-Science-And-Law Scholarship, David Carson, Alan Tomkins
The Need For And The Role Of Comparative And Cross-Cultural Perspectives In Behavioral-Science-And-Law Scholarship, David Carson, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
Behavioral-science-and-law scholarship suffers from the lack of many activities examining issues from a comparative or cross-cultural perspective. Although U.S. contributions tend to be the most insular, the problem applies to virtually all behavioral-science-and-law endeavors. This special perspective examines the trend in behavioral-science-and-law scholarship) presents data to support the allegation that there are few comparative/cross-cultural contributions) offers explanations for the situation, and advocates for the introduction of more comparative/cross-cultural efforts in the future.
Education And Training In Psychology And Law/Criminal Justice: Historical Foundations, Present Structures, And Future Developments, James R. P. Ogloff, Alan Tomkins, Donald N. Bersoff
Education And Training In Psychology And Law/Criminal Justice: Historical Foundations, Present Structures, And Future Developments, James R. P. Ogloff, Alan Tomkins, Donald N. Bersoff
Alan Tomkins Publications
Although psychology had a brief—and rather dramatic—foray into the legal system early in this century, it was only after World War II that psychology started to systematically permeate the legal system. Building on the interest psychologists and other social scientists had on the law, education and training in the areas of psychology and law/criminal justice has undergone considerable growth and development over the past two decades. The authors discuss the early developments and current models of this education and training. Implications of the increased interest and training in psychology and law/ criminal justice, and directions for future developments in these …
Introduction To "Persons With Disabilities": Special Issue Of Behavioral Sciences And The Law, Alan Tomkins
Introduction To "Persons With Disabilities": Special Issue Of Behavioral Sciences And The Law, Alan Tomkins
Alan Tomkins Publications
In 1990, the United States Congress enacted legislation protecting the civil rights of persons with disabilities. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (1990) has been termed the most significant civil rights legislation since the 1960s (Rothstein, 1992/1994; see also Drimmer, 1993; Gostin & Beyer, 1993). The intent of the ADA is to provide “not only equal treatment [for persons with disabilities], but also equal opportunity” (Rothstein, 1992, p. 19, emphasis in original). The purpose of the ADA is not only to eliminate intentional discrimination, but also to change “policies and practices that have a discriminatory impact” on persons with disabilities …