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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Mine Action In Afghanistan And Tajikistan: Challenges And Opportunities, Markus Schindler
Mine Action In Afghanistan And Tajikistan: Challenges And Opportunities, Markus Schindler
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Rugged mountains, challenging road conditions, ongoing security concerns, and a fluctuating donor landscape present a wide range of obstacles to mine clearance efforts in Afghanistan and neighboring Tajikistan. The Swiss Foundation for Mine Action (FSD) first entered the region in 2001 in the wake of the US-led invasion of Afghanistan. Since then, the mine action sectors in both countries have seen significant progress and growth. FSD has been part of this process since its early days through its country programs in Tajikistan and Afghanistan, engaging in a variety of mine action activities including clearance (manual, mechanical, and with mine detection …
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 23.3 (2020), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 23.3 (2020), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Southeast Asia | Risk Management | Cluster Munitions Remnants Survey | IMAS Training in Vietnam | Mine Risk Education | Victim Assistance | Underwater Clearance | Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality in HMA | HMA in the Gray Zone | IED Clearance Capacity in Afghanistan
The Development Of A Humanitarian Ied Clearance Capacity In Afghanistan, Alexander Tan
The Development Of A Humanitarian Ied Clearance Capacity In Afghanistan, Alexander Tan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) have been widely used in Afghanistan since the mid-2000s, presenting a significant and life-threatening hazard to the civilian population. As areas become free from conflict and permissible for humanitarian clearance, an effective response is required to protect civilians. With the support of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the German Federal Foreign Office, and in coordination with the Directorate of Mine Action Coordination (DMAC; the Afghan national mine action authority) and other stakeholders, The HALO Trust (HALO) has developed and implemented a successful proof of concept for manual clearance of victim operated IEDs (VOIEDs). While …
Afghanistan’S National Mine Action Strategic Plan (2016–2021), Mohammad Akbar Oriakhil
Afghanistan’S National Mine Action Strategic Plan (2016–2021), Mohammad Akbar Oriakhil
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan suffers from severe landmine and explosive remnants of war (ERW) contamination, mostly as a result of the Soviet-Afghan War (1979–1989), internal conflict lasting from 1992 to 1996, and the United States-led coalition intervention in late 2001.
Humanitarian Mine Action In Afghanistan: A History, Ian Mansfield
Humanitarian Mine Action In Afghanistan: A History, Ian Mansfield
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
After a decade of Soviet occupation in Afghanistan and the resulting internal conflict, the removal of explosive remnants of war (ERW) became a complicated issue. Systematic clearance of ERW was difficult to establish due to the volatile security situation and an inability to regulate clearance work. However, due to collaboration between the United Nations and Afghan nongovernmental organizations, mine clearance operations were successfully established in Afghanistan in the 1990s.
Clearance At Cultural Heritage Sites, Lindsay Aldrich, Suzanne Fiederlein, Jessica Rosati
Clearance At Cultural Heritage Sites, Lindsay Aldrich, Suzanne Fiederlein, Jessica Rosati
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The most mine- and unexploded ordnance (UXO)-contaminated countries in the world have long histories of conflict, as well as histories rich with extensive archeological and cultural records. It is not uncommon for known historical sites to be littered with mines and UXO, especially in regions with hundreds and even thousands of years of rich cultural heritage, such as Central and Southeast Asia and the Caucuses. This presents an added challenge to project teams tasked with clearing and safeguarding the land while also preserving the integrity of cultural heritage sites.
Demining In Remote Areas Of Northern Afghanistan, Artyom Harutyunyan
Demining In Remote Areas Of Northern Afghanistan, Artyom Harutyunyan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Since September 2010, the Swiss Foundation for Mine Action (FSD) has carried out survey-and-clearance operations in the isolated Darwaz region of northern Afghanistan, where explosive-ordnance caches and unexploded ordnance and mine contamination remain a serious concern.
New Mine/Erw Risk Education Initiatives In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi
New Mine/Erw Risk Education Initiatives In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Many steps, including training midwives, police officers and teachers in mine and explosive remnants of war risk education (mine/ERW RE), have been taken in Afghanistan to ensure that mine/ERW RE is integrated into local networks. This article outlines the move toward integrating mine/ERW RE within local networks in Afghanistan to assure that high-quality and sustainable material is delivered in the areas that need it most.
Using Minehound In Cambodia And Afghanistan, David Daniels, Jurgen Braunstein, Michael Nevard
Using Minehound In Cambodia And Afghanistan, David Daniels, Jurgen Braunstein, Michael Nevard
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The HALO Trust uses the MINEHOUND dual sensor detector in Cambodia and Afghanistan to reduce false-alarm rates. MINEHOUND combines a metal detector with ground-penetrating radar to improve efficiency of mine removal in areas highly contaminated with metallic false alarms.
Afghanistan’S Landmine-Removal Extension Request, Justyna Pietralik
Afghanistan’S Landmine-Removal Extension Request, Justyna Pietralik
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Recent conflicts, lack of funding and limited information about mined areas in Afghanistan has prevented the country from meeting its 2013 deadline of becoming mine impact-free. The Mine Action Programme of Afghanistan, along with the Afghan government, submitted a plan proposing to extend Afghanistan’s landmine-removal deadline to 2023. The extension request included almost 200 pages of details regarding mine history and future plans.
Mine/Erw Risk Education In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi
Mine/Erw Risk Education In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan continues to face many challenges from landmines and explosive remnants of war. The Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan and its many partners coordinate to reduce risk for affected communities. Teacher training, mass media and a revamped mine risk education curriculum for schools are important facets of recent efforts. In addition, regular monitoring of MRE ensures quality education for all citizens in at-risk areas.
Environmental Determinants Of Landmine Detection By Dogs: Findings From A Large-Scale Study In Afghanistan, Rebecca Sargisson, Ian Mclean, Jennifer Brown, Håvard Bach
Environmental Determinants Of Landmine Detection By Dogs: Findings From A Large-Scale Study In Afghanistan, Rebecca Sargisson, Ian Mclean, Jennifer Brown, Håvard Bach
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article's purpose is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of mine-detection dogs in different environments. The experiments employed a total of 39 dogs in Afghanistan between October 2002 and July 2003. The results are discussed here.
Afghan Experience Calls For Innovative Approach To Ddr, Cisr Journal
Afghan Experience Calls For Innovative Approach To Ddr, Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Criminal activities, illegal arms trading and violence against civilians continue threatening Afghanistan's stability and security, and hinder the work of humanitarian nongovernmental organizations. As a result, potential investors are discouraged from making heavy capital investments, and NGOs cannot implement projects that could dramatically improve the socioeconomic condition of civilians. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration appear to be crucial steps for the success of post-conflict recovery in Afghanistan. Conducting DDR in the complex and turbulent Afghan environment has proven difficult, and this article explores past attempts at DDR in Afghanistan to draw lessons for future efforts.
Kabul City Clearance Project, Mohammad Akbar Oriakhil
Kabul City Clearance Project, Mohammad Akbar Oriakhil
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
After decades of conflict in Afghanistan, the Kabul City Clearance Project is addressing the dangers of mine and unexploded ordnance that pose a threat to the safety and livelihood of Kabul’s expanding urban population. KCCP is an 18-month collaborative project that utilizes the resources of Afghan Technical Consultants, a local clearance nongovernmental organization, to implement a mine-clearance plan in 36 impacted communities.
Amatc: Sustainable Solutions For Humanitarian Mine Action, Karen Reed-Matthee
Amatc: Sustainable Solutions For Humanitarian Mine Action, Karen Reed-Matthee
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Kabul’s Afghan Mine Action Technology Center employs disabled deminers to create demining products. AMATC donates part of its revenue to local physical rehabilitation and treatment facilities, and now employs 11 disabled employees full time.
The Bridge From Hold To Build, Yori Escalante
The Bridge From Hold To Build, Yori Escalante
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Afghanistan, the United States and United Nations are developing a new approach to community-based demining by funding local nongovernmental organizations. The use of these Afghan NGOs has not only allowed clearance to begin more quickly and continue more effectively, but has also helped the local population along the path to recovery and supported overall counterinsurgency efforts.
The Mine Action Programme Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Haider Reza
The Mine Action Programme Of Afghanistan, Mohammed Haider Reza
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The Mine Action Programme of Afghanistan, coordinated by the Mine Action Coordination Centre of Afghanistan, faces a unique set of challenges in combating the national mine/explosive-remnants-of-war contamination problem. The ongoing war and changing political climate force the country’s mine-action plan to adapt to meet new demands as they emerge. The following summary of MAPA’s activities highlights these challenges and their implications for the continued humanitarian effort in Afghanistan.
The Gradual Process Of Nationalizing Mre In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi, Mutahar Sha Akhgar
The Gradual Process Of Nationalizing Mre In Afghanistan, Samim Hashimi, Mutahar Sha Akhgar
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan, a country torn apart by decades of conflict, is implementing a successful plan for national mine-risk education. Successes, strategies, and at-risk populations are discussed and analyzed in this article.
The Challenges Of Ied Awareness And Mre In Afghanistan, Mathias Hagstrøm
The Challenges Of Ied Awareness And Mre In Afghanistan, Mathias Hagstrøm
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Improvised explosive devices have become a significant threat to the people of Afghanistan and have surpassed the threat posed by other types of explosive remnants of war. In order to combat these dangers, the United Nations Mine Action Centre for Afghanistan has worked closely with other groups to develop an IED-awareness booklet that supports current mine-risk-education efforts.
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 13.1 (2009), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Erw And Mine Action Issue 13.1 (2009), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Focus: Central and South America | Feature: Mine-risk Education | Special Report: Small Arms/Light Weapons and MANPADS | Notes from the Field | Research and Development
Afghanistan, Country Profile
Afghanistan, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan's landmine contamination began with the Soviet occupation from 1979 to 1989. Pro-Soviet Afghan-government forces continued contributing to this landmine, unexploded ordnance and other explosive remnants of war contamination during the next three years. Factional fighting from 1992 to 1995, resistance to the Taliban from 1996 to 2001 and the 2001 US-led invasion added to the problem. Not only does this contamination injure or kill more than 100 Afghans a month, it also impacts the reconstruction and development of the country into an economically and politically stable nation.
Afghanistan, Country Profile
Afghanistan, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Coming Home, Edward Pennington-Ridge
Coming Home, Edward Pennington-Ridge
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Adopt-A-Minefield Survivor Assistance Consultant Ed Pennington-Ridge visited Afghanistan from May 1 through May 20, 2005. Despite the challenging security environment and anti-Western riots that began while he was there, his trip reinforced the importance of the work that AAM and other mine action organizations are doing in this country.
Hidden Killers In Afghanistan, Khair M. Sharif
Hidden Killers In Afghanistan, Khair M. Sharif
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Years of demining and mine action operations have reduced the number of casualties in Afghanistan, and lives are beginning to improve. Yet about eight percent of the estimated 33,000 communities in the country continue to be impacted and 12 percent of those are considered high-impact communities.
Afghanistan Landmine Impact Survey, Patrick Fruchet, Mike Kendellen
Afghanistan Landmine Impact Survey, Patrick Fruchet, Mike Kendellen
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The fieldwork for the Afghanistan Landmine Impact Survey was completed in January 2005, and the United Nations certified it 30 Sept. 2005. The final ALIS report is expected to be published in March 2006. This article provides an overview of the findings and how the mine action community in Afghanistan is using the results in its strategic planning.
Becoming Part Of The Hope, Tracey Begley
Becoming Part Of The Hope, Tracey Begley
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Visiting Laos and Cambodia can be a bit frightening for anyone— especially a 14-year-old girl. “Why are we going there?” I whined on the plane to Phnom Penh, Cambodia. I had just been reading an article about Asia’s most dangerous countries, and it featured Cambodia. Why would my parents take me there?
Afghanistan, Country Profile
Afghanistan, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan is one of the most heavily mine-infested countries in the world. During a 10-year occupation beginning in 1979 followed by years of internal warfare, landmines were planted throughout the country. The most heavily impacted areas are near the borders of Pakistan and Iran. Following the Soviet occupation, over 800 square kilometers (308.88 square miles) were contaminated with landmines. The exact number of mines plaguing the country is unknown, as minefield records are still incomplete. With such a vast problem, there was an immense need for action. In 1989, a mine action program was developed that would later become one …
A Profile Of Afghanistan, Country Profile
A Profile Of Afghanistan, Country Profile
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghanistan is a dry, landlocked nation made up mostly of rugged mountains that run northeast to southwest and divide the northern provinces from the rest of the country. Bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, it also shares a tiny strip of land with China. Because of its cold winters and hot summers, nearly all of Afghanistan’s supply of natural fresh water begins as snow. This limited supply, however, has been severely depleted because of a four year drought from 1998–2002. Drought and the added thirst of two million returning refugees has left nearly 80 percent of Afghanistan’s population …
After The Taliban: Opportunities And Challenges In Mine Action In Afghanistan, 2002–2003, Patrick Fruchet
After The Taliban: Opportunities And Challenges In Mine Action In Afghanistan, 2002–2003, Patrick Fruchet
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article has been removed.
Afghan Technical Consultants: A Brief Overview, Kefayatullah Eblagh
Afghan Technical Consultants: A Brief Overview, Kefayatullah Eblagh
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Afghan Technical Consultants (ATC) was established in 1989 as the first humanitarian mine clearance organization sponsored by the United Nations. Through February 2004, ATC had cleared 82.4 sq km of high-priority mined areas and 192.7 sq km of former battlefields. During its 14 years of operations, ATC has located and destroyed a total of 3,437 anti-vehicle mines, 143,392 anti-personnel mines and 1,611,676 pieces of UXO. ATC currently employs nearly 2,000 personnel working in every region of Afghanistan.