Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Task Demands And Age-Related Differences In Retrieval And Response Inhibition, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Jennifer Daniels

Steffen Wilson

This study investigates the role of task demands on children's ability to inhibit irrelevant information using a block-cued directed-forgetting task. Recall performance was compared in a block-cued directed-forgetting task in which task demands had been decreased by presenting blocks of semantically related words with that in which unrelated words were presented. Inhibition patterns of recall were found at a younger age in the task that contained the related words than in the task that contained the unrelated words. These results suggest that previous results charting the development of cognitive inhibition may not have been exclusively the product of the development …

Limits Of The Retrieval Inhibition Construct: List Segregation In Directed-Forgetting, Steffen Wilson, Katherine Kipp, Kevin Chapman

Steffen Wilson

The authors hypothesized that retrieval inhibition in list method directed forgetting could be improved by presenting a task that maximized the segregation step of the retrieval-inhibition process. In Experiment 1, they presented lists of semantically related words in a list method directed-forgetting task to maximize retrieval inhibition. Contrary to predictions, this manipulation eliminated the directed-forgetting effect. The authors further investigated the results of Experiment 1 in Experiments 2 and 3 by manipulating recall instructions and by presenting lists that contained both a categorized and an unrelated list-half. They found directed-forgetting effects for semantically related word lists when participants were asked …

"Irrational Health Appraisals: An Alternative View Of Cognition And Health, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Head And Neck Oncology Health Status Assessment, Gerry Funk, Lucy Karnell, Alan Christensen, Patricia Moran, Joan Ricks

Alan J. Christensen

Background. This article presents the validation of the Head and Neck Cancer Inventory (HNCI), a health status assessment instrument with a small number of multiple-item domains that captures patients' ratings of functional status and attitude about that function.

Methods. The HNCI was administered to patients with upper aerodigestive tract carcinoma. An initial, cross-sectional study assessed feasibility and reliability. A subsequent, longitudinal study's factor analysis identified ineffective items and confirmed domain cohesiveness. Construct and criterion-related validity and sensitivity to detect change across time were evaluated.

Results. The HNCI was highly reliable. Criterion-related validity was demonstrated through comparisons with other HNC-specific instruments. …

Making Sense Of Arson Through Classification, Rebekah Doley

Rebekah Doley

Arson classification efforts are an attempt to make sense of a complex whole. To a greater or lesser extent typologies offered to date have relied on assumed motive. More recently, systems that combine information about offender characteristics and/or offence features have become increasingly popular. The ability to categorise arsonists accurately has significant implications for both mental health professionals and fire authorities. It is important to understand the limitations of arson classification systems generally to be able to apply them judiciously. This article discusses arson classification systems and examines three key approaches before providing an overview of some of the limitations …

Sexual Satisfaction As A Mediator Of Relationship Satisfaction, Tiffani Kisler

Tiffani S. Kisler

No abstract provided.

Predicting Health-Related Quality Of Life In Renal Transplantation, Alan Christensen

Alan J. Christensen

No abstract provided.

Factor Structure Of The Spielberger Anger Expression Scales When Used With Australian Prisoners, Greg Dear, Bruce Watt, John Dockerill

Bruce Watt

The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory administered to prison inmates has supported the factor structure of the three anger expression scales although this structure has not been verified with Australian participants. Data collected from 397 Western Australian male prisoners produced a factor structure consistent with the scale structure outlined in the 1991 manual. Scale means and standard deviations were similar to those reported for the U.S. and Canadian prisoners. It is therefore appropriate to use the standard scoring procedures with Australian male prisoners.

© Copyright Psychological Reports, 2003

Reliability And The Actfl Oral Proficiency Interview: Reporting Indices Of Interrater Consistency And Agreement For 19 Languages, Eric Surface, Erich Dierdorff

Erich C. Dierdorff

The reliability of the ACTFL Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) has not been reported since ACTFL revised its speaking proficiency guidelines in 1999. Reliability data for assessments should be reported periodically to provide users with enough information to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the assessment. This study provided the most comprehensive analysis of ACTFL OPI reliability to date, reporting interrater consistency and agreement data for 19 different languages. Overall, the interrater reliability of the ACTFL OPI was found to be very high. These results demonstrate the importance of using an OPI assessment program that has a well-designed interview process, a well-articulated …

Using Mixed-Effects Models In Reliability Generalization Studies, S. Beretvas, Dena Pastor

Dena A Pastor

No abstract provided.

Treating Difficult Adolescents And Teens, Tiffani Kisler

Tiffani S. Kisler

No abstract provided.

Psychological Distress And Physical Health Problems In Grandparents Raising Grandchildren: Development Of An Empirically Based Intervention Model, Deborah Whitley, Susan Kelley

Deborah M. Whitley

No abstract provided.

Pyromania: Fact Or Fiction?, Rebekah Doley

Rebekah Doley

The issue of deliberate firesetting is a growing concern in Australia. Every hour of every day in Australia at least one arson fire is lit and this type of criminal behaviour is costing the country over $157m annually in property losses alone. Although much has been written on the subject of arson there remains substantial confusion about the nature and extent of pyromania within the arsonist population. This paper explores some of the common misperceptions that exist in the literature and attempts to clarify the true magnitude of pyromania in Australia's arsonist population.

© Copyright The Centre for Crime and …

Psychological Testing: Rogues, Romance And Roadside Assistance, Carol Gill

Carol Gill

Psychological testing has the mystique of white magic…potential and existing employees complete several relatively brief paper and pencil tests and the organization receives a concise report (accurate to the percentile!) that is able to describe personality, intelligence and various other significant characteristics in detail…to predict the future! This magic though, in most cases, can only be performed by a witch doctor (Psychologist), which contributes to the “black box” aura of testing. Despite the reported validity of testing there are a range of methodological and ethical issues in using psychological tests, however, the most important question is how significant is the …

An Examination Of Exposure Control And Content Balancing Restrictions On Item Selection In Cats Using The Partial Credit Model, L. Davis, Dena Pastor, B. Dodd, C. Chiang, S. Fitzpatrick

Dena A Pastor

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Multilevel Irt Modeling In Applied Research: An Illustration, Dena Pastor

Dena A Pastor

No abstract provided.

A Meta-Analysis Of Job Analysis Reliability, Erich Dierdorff, Mark Wilson

Erich C. Dierdorff

Average levels of interrater and intrarater reliability for job analysis data were investigated using meta-analysis. Forty-six studies and 299 estimates of reliability were cumulated. Data were categorized by specificity (generalized work activity or task data), source (incumbents, analysts, or technical experts), and descriptive scale (frequency, importance, difficulty, time-spent, and the Position Analysis Questionnaire). Task data initially produced higher estimates of interrater reliability than generalized work activity data and lower estimates of intrarater reliability. When estimates were corrected for scale length and number of raters by using the Spearman-Brown formula, task data had higher interrater and intrarater reliabilities. Incumbents displayed the …

Navigating The Social Sidewalk In Pre-Adolescence, Robin G. Gayle

Robin G. Gayle

Peer Relationships In Middle School, Robin G. Gayle

Robin G. Gayle